Tiyeni tiphunzire bwino za mtundu wa mankhwala otchedwa barbiturates.

Kodi inuyo kapena munthu amene mumamudziwa adapatsidwapo mankhwala ndi dokotala chifukwa cha khunyu, musanachite opaleshoni, kapena chifukwa cha kusowa tulo? Ikhoza kukhala barbiturate. Ngakhale kuti awa ndi mankhwala othandiza kwambiri, ndi mankhwala omwe amafunika kusamala kwambiri. Choncho, tiyeni tikambirane za izi lero.

Kodi ma barbiturate ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, awa ndi mtundu wa mankhwala omwe amakutonthozani (sedative), kapena kukupangitsani kugona (hypnotic). Angathe kuletsa ndikuletsa matenda monga khunyu.

Mmene mankhwalawa amakhudzira ubongo wathu n’zodabwitsa. Amawonjezera kuchuluka kwa mankhwala mu ubongo wathu otchedwa gamma-aminobutyric acid, kapena GABA mwachidule. GABA iyi imachepetsa ntchito ya maselo a ubongo. Ndicho chifukwa chake timamva bata, kumasuka, komanso kugona.

Kodi madokotala amalemba mankhwala awa pazochitika ziti?

Kale, mankhwalawa ankagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pochiza matenda oletsa ululu panthawi ya opaleshoni, chifukwa chakuti amatha kugonetsa wodwalayo tulo tofa nato. Komabe, masiku ano, mankhwala atsopano apangidwa omwe ndi abwino kwambiri pa cholinga chimenecho ndipo alibe zotsatirapo zoyipa zambiri.

Komabe, ma barbiturate akadali mankhwala ofunikira kwambiri pa matenda ena. Nthawi zina amagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi mankhwala ena, monga paracetamol.

Kugwiritsa ntchito kwakukulu kwa barbiturates ndi:

• Pofuna kupewa khunyu: Anthu ena amapatsidwa izi kuti achepetse khunyu yomwe imachitika nthawi zonse.
• Kwa Kusowa tulo: Imaperekedwa ngati chithandizo cha kanthawi kochepa cha kusowa tulo.
• Kutonthoza wodwalayo asanachite opaleshoni: Izi zimathandiza kuchepetsa mantha a wodwalayo asanachite opaleshoni ndikumugonetsa tulo mwachangu.
• Kuwongolera kuthamanga kwa magazi mkati mwa chigaza (Intracranial Hypertension): Izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazidzidzidzi zina zokhudzana ndi ubongo.

Kodi ma barbiturate omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi ati?

Pali mitundu ingapo ya ma barbiturate padziko lonse lapansi. Komabe, ena mwa iwo sagwiritsidwa ntchito m'dziko lathu. Nazi zina mwa zomwe zimapezeka kwambiri:

Kodi ubwino wa mankhwalawa ndi wotani?

Popeza mankhwala awa ndi akale kwambiri, pali kafukufuku wa zaka makumi ambiri wokhudza iwo. Komanso, angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati njira yachiwiri ngati mankhwala oyamba sakugwira ntchito.

Chimodzi mwa ubwino wofunikira kwambiri ndichakuti zimasiyana nthawi yomwe zimagwira ntchito . Zina zimagwira ntchito kwa kanthawi kochepa, monga mphindi zochepa. Izi ndizothandiza kwambiri pa opaleshoni yaifupi. Zina zimatha kukhala m'thupi kwa maola ambiri kapena masiku angapo. Ndicho chifukwa chimodzi chopitirizira kuzipereka kuti tipewe khunyu.

Kodi zoopsa ndi zovuta za barbiturates ndi ziti?

Chifukwa chachikulu chomwe kugwiritsa ntchito ma barbiturates kukuchepera tsopano ndi chifukwa cha zoopsa zake. Muyenera kudziwa izi.

• Kulekerera ndi Kudalira/Kuledzera: Pakapita nthawi, thupi limazolowera mankhwalawo. Kenako mlingo wakale sukwanira, ndipo mlingo wokwera umafunika kuti upeze zotsatira zomwezo. Izi zimatchedwa `Kulekerera`. `Kudalira` kumatanthauza kuti thupi limayamba kudalira mankhwalawo. Ngati mankhwalawo asiya, zizindikiro zazikulu zosiya kumwa mankhwalawo zitha kuchitika. `Kuledzera` kumatanthauza kuti vutoli limayamba kukhala matenda amisala ndipo munthuyo sangasiye kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa, ngakhale atakhala oopsa pa moyo wake.

• Mavuto a mtima ndi kupuma: Izi zingayambitse kuchepa kwa kugunda kwa mtima ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi. Ngati mumwa mopitirira muyeso kapena mumwa mlingo wolakwika, mungasiye kupuma. Izi ndi zoopsa zomwe zingawononge moyo.

• Kugwirizana ndi mankhwala ena: Ma barbiturates amakhudza ntchito ya chiwindi. Chifukwa chake, mankhwala ena omwe mumamwa amatha kuchotsedwa m'thupi lanu mwachangu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti asamagwire bwino ntchito.

• Zoopsa kwa amayi apakati ndi oyamwitsa: Muyenera kupewa kumwa mankhwalawa ngati muli ndi pakati. Angathenso kufalikira kwa mwana wanu kudzera mu mkaka wa m'mawere.

Kodi ndiyenera kupita ku ETU liti?

Ngati inu kapena wina akuwonetsa chimodzi mwa zizindikiro zotsatirazi pamene mukumwa barbiturates, chikhoza kukhala chizindikiro cha kumwa mopitirira muyeso.Izi ndi ngozi yaikulu. Pitani ku Dipatimenti Yoona za Zadzidzidzi (ETU) ya chipatala nthawi yomweyo.

• Kuvuta kupuma (kupuma movutikira)
• Kusokonezeka kwakukulu kapena kuvutika kuganiza
• Kukomoka
• Kugunda kwa mtima komwe kumakhala kochedwa kwambiri (bradycardia) kapena kofulumira koma kofooka
• Chizungulire chachikulu /chizungulire
• Kusanza ndi kusanza
• Kuchepa kwa kutentha kwa thupi
• Milomo yabuluu kapena misomali (cyanosis)
• Kulephera kuyang'ana maso pamalo amodzi kapena maso ang'onoang'ono kapena akuluakulu kwambiri

Kumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso zizindikiro zosiya kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo

Mukamwa mankhwalawa kwa nthawi yayitali, thupi lanu limazolowera (kudalira). Ngati musiya kumwa mwadzidzidzi, mutha kukumana ndi zizindikiro zosiya kumwa. Izi zikuphatikizapo:

• Kusakhazikika ndi kusokonezeka
• Kunjenjemera (kugwedeza miyendo, monga manja)
• Chisokonezo
• Kugwedezeka kwambiri

Musanyalanyaze zizindikiro izi. Pa milandu yoopsa, izi zitha kukhala zoopsa pa moyo.

Musaope kuuza dokotala za izi.

Musachite mantha kapena manyazi kuuza dokotala wanu kuti muli ndi zizindikirozi. Nthawi zambiri thupi lanu limayamba kudalira mankhwala awa. Madokotala amadziwa izi. Ngati muwauza, dokotala wanu angakuthandizeni kusiya kumwa mankhwalawo mwa kuchepetsa pang'onopang'ono mlingo mpaka zizindikiro zanu zitatha.

Kufunika kosunga mankhwalawa kukhala otetezeka

Chifukwa cha chiopsezo chogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala molakwika, ndikofunikira kuwatsekera m'kabati, pamwamba pa nyumba. Makamaka kutali ndi ana aang'ono ndi achinyamata. Chenjezo ili lingathandize kupewa poizoni mwangozi kapena kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika mankhwala ena omwe angakhale ndi zotsatirapo zoopsa.