Kodi beta-agonist yomwe ili mu inhaler yanu ndi yotani? Tiyeni tipeze yankho mosavuta!

Kodi mukuvutika kupuma kapena muli ndi vuto ngati mphumu? Kodi munayamba mwayang'anapo dzina la inhaler yomwe mumagwiritsa ntchito? Dokotala wanu mwina anakupatsani mankhwala otchedwa "beta-agonist." Kodi izi zikutanthauza chiyani kwenikweni? Dzinalo lingamveke lovuta pang'ono, koma musadandaule. Lero tikambirana za izi m'njira yosavuta yomwe mungamvetse.

Mwachidule, kodi beta-agonist uyu ndi chiyani?

Beta-agonists ndi mtundu wa mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pochiza matenda a m'mapapo. Kuti mumvetse momwe amagwirira ntchito, muyenera kumvetsetsa "maswichi" ang'onoang'ono m'matupi athu. Timawatcha ma beta-receptors . Awa ndi zitseko zazing'ono m'maselo athu. Beta-agonist ndiye kiyi yomwe imatsegula zitseko izi.

Mankhwalawa (kiyi) akamangika ku cholandirira (chitseko), selo limenelo limalandira "chizindikiro" kuti lichitepo kanthu. Chizindikirochi chimapangitsa kuti minofu m'ziwalo monga mapapo ndi mtima wathu ipumule. Minofu m'mapapo ikamasuka, njira zopumira zopapatiza zimakula, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kupuma kwanu kukhale kosavuta. Komanso, mitundu ina ya beta-agonists imatha kuwonjezera kugunda kwa mtima wathu ndikuwonjezera kugwira ntchito bwino kwa mtima.

Kodi mitundu ikuluikulu ya beta-agonists ndi iti?

Pali mitundu itatu ikuluikulu ya ma beta-receptor m'thupi lathu: beta-1, beta-2, ndi beta-3. Choncho mankhwalawa amapangidwira kuti azitha kukhudza ma receptors amenewo.

Beta-1 agonists

Mankhwalawa makamaka amakhudza ma beta-1 receptors mumtima mwathu. Mankhwalawa akaperekedwa, mtima umayamba kugunda mofulumira ndipo umayamba kupopa magazi mwamphamvu kwambiri. Kawirikawiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi madokotala m'zipatala pazifukwa zadzidzidzi monga matenda a mtima.

Beta-2 agonists

Uwu ndi mtundu wa beta-agonist womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Mankhwala ophera mphumu omwe mumagwiritsa ntchito mwina ndi amodzi mwa mitundu iyi ya mankhwala. Mankhwalawa amakhudza ma beta-2 receptors m'mapapo . Mankhwalawa akapumidwa kudzera mu inhaler, amamasula minofu yozungulira njira zopumira m'mapapo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zazikulu. Ichi ndichifukwa chake amatchedwanso kuti bronchodilators .

Mtundu uwu wa beta-2 agonist umagawidwanso m'magulu awiri:

• Ma beta-agonists afupiafupi (SABA): Awa ndi omwe muli nawo mu "ma inhalers opulumutsa." Tangoganizirani kuti mwadwala mphumu mwadzidzidzi ndipo mukulephera kupuma mokwanira. Mukagwiritsa ntchito inhaler iyi, imakulitsa njira zanu zopumira mwachangu ndipo zimapangitsa kuti kupuma kwanu kukhale kosavuta mkati mwa mphindi zochepa.
• Mankhwala a beta-agonists omwe amagwira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali (LABA):Izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito tsiku lililonse kuti zithetse zizindikiro. Madokotala amalimbikitsa izi kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda monga COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) kapena omwe amadwala mphumu pafupipafupi. Zotsatira zake zimakhala kwa maola ambiri.

Beta-3 agonists

Mankhwala amtunduwu ndi atsopano. Ma beta-3 agonists omwe alipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kumasula minofu ya chikhodzodzo . Izi ndi kuchiza matenda otchedwa "chikhodzodzo chogwira ntchito mopitirira muyeso," omwe ndi omwe muyenera kukodza pafupipafupi. Amawonjezera mphamvu ya chikhodzodzo ndikuletsa chilakolako chokodza.

Zinthu zazikulu zomwe beta-agonists amagwiritsa ntchito

Monga tafotokozera kale, momwe beta-agonists amagwiritsidwira ntchito zimasiyana malinga ndi mtundu wa beta-agonist.

• Matenda a kupuma: Beta-2 agonists (makamaka inhalers) amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pochiza matenda monga mphumu ndi COPD .
• Zadzidzidzi zachipatala: Mankhwala a Beta-1 agonists amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'zipatala kuti abwezeretse ntchito ya mtima pazochitika monga ziwengo zazikulu (anaphylaxis) ndi cardiogenic shock.
• Matenda a mtima: Izi zingagwiritsidwenso ntchito pochiza matenda ena a mtima.
• Mavuto a chikhodzodzo: Beta-3 agonists amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza chikhodzodzo chogwira ntchito mopitirira muyeso.
• Kuchuluka kwa potaziyamu m'magazi (Hyperkalemia): Nthawi zina, beta-2 agonist imagwiritsidwanso ntchito poletsa kuchuluka kwa potaziyamu m'magazi komwe kumakhala koopsa.

Kodi mankhwalawa amagwira ntchito bwanji m'thupi?

Izi n'zosavuta kuzimvetsa. Thupi lathu lili ndi chinthu chotchedwa "autonomic nervous system." Ichi ndi chomwe chimalamulira zinthu zomwe sitingathe kuzilamulira (monga kupuma, kugunda kwa mtima). Gawo lina la izi limatchedwa "sympathetic nervous system." Ichi ndi chomwe chimayambitsa yankho la thupi lathu la "nkhondo-kapena-kuthawa" .

Tangoganizani kuti mukuyenda mumsewu ndipo mwadzidzidzi galu akukuthamangitsani. Thupi lanu mwadzidzidzi lasintha kwambiri, eti?

• Mtima ukugunda mofulumira.
• Kupuma kukuchulukirachulukira.
• Thupi limamva mphamvu zambiri.

Ndicho chimene "dongosolo la mitsempha lachifundo" limachita. Mankhwala a beta-agonist amalimbitsa ziwalo zina za dongosololi, popanda chiopsezo cha mkhalidwe woopsa wotere.

• Kwa mapapo: Zimakulitsa njira zopumira, zomwe zimathandiza thupi kupeza mpweya wochuluka.
• Kwa mtima: Zimawonjezera kugunda kwa mtima ndipo zimatumiza magazi okhala ndi mpweya wambiri ku minofu mwachangu.
• Kwa chikhodzodzo:Zimamasula chikhodzodzo, zomwe zimathandiza kuti chisunge mkodzo wambiri.

Gulu la mankhwala omwe amachita zosiyana kwambiri ndi izi amatchedwa "beta-blockers." Amaletsa ma beta-receptors (zipata) omwe tidakambirana. Kenako ma beta-agonists sangathe kuwalimbikitsa.

Kodi zotsatirapo zake zingakhale zotani chifukwa cha mankhwala awa?

Monga mankhwala ena aliwonse, anthu ena omwe amagwiritsa ntchito beta-agonists angayambitse mavuto ena. Komabe, akagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chopumira, mankhwalawa amapita mwachindunji m'mapapo, kotero chiopsezo cha mavuto nthawi zambiri chimakhala chochepa. Komabe, anthu ena angakumane ndi zinthu monga:

• Kuwonjezeka kwa kugunda kwa mtima (Tachycardia)
• Kugunda kwa mtima kosakhazikika (Arrhythmia)
• Kuthamanga kwa magazi (BP)
• Kugwedezeka kwa miyendo
• Kusakhazikika kapena nkhawa
• Kutuluka thukuta
• Mutu
• Kupweteka kwa minofu

Kodi ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito beta-agonist, onetsetsani kuti mwaonana ndi dokotala wanu pazochitika izi.

• Ngati mukukumana ndi zotsatira zoyipa zosayembekezereka kapena zoopsa.
• Ngati mukuona kuti chithandizo chanu sichikugwiranso ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, ngati kale munkatha kugwiritsa ntchito kamodzi kokha ka inhaler yanu, koma tsopano muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito kawiri kapena katatu.
• Ngati zizindikiro zanu zikukulirakulira tsiku ndi tsiku.

Ngati mukumva kuvutika kupuma kwambiri, kupweteka pachifuwa, kapena milomo yabuluu, pitani ku chipinda chapafupi chadzidzidzi (ETU) nthawi yomweyo. Izi zitha kukhala zizindikiro za matenda oopsa.