Tikamaganiza za mafupa, timawaona ngati chinthu chomwe chimapatsa mphamvu thupi, sichoncho? Nzoona. Koma kodi mumadziwa kuti mkati mwa mafupa athu akuluakulu muli chinthu chodabwitsa kwambiri, monga fakitale yamoyo? Ndicho chimene timachitcha kuti bone marrow, kapena mu Chingerezi `(Bone Marrow)`. Ichi ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri komanso lofunika kwambiri m'miyoyo yathu. Chifukwa chake lero, tiyeni tikambirane za bone marrow iyi mwachidule.
Mwachidule, kodi mafuta a m'mafupa amenewa ndi chiyani?
Mafupa ndi minofu yofewa, yonga jelly mkati mwa mafupa athu. Ndipotu, ndi malo ofunikira opangira magazi m'thupi lathu. Maselo anu onse amagazi, kuphatikizapo maselo ofiira amagazi, maselo oyera amagazi, ndi ma platelet, amapangidwa mu mafupa awa.
Ganizirani za mafuta a m'mafupa ngati fakitale yaikulu ya kampani yaikulu. Fakitale iyi ndi komwe thupi limapanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya "antchito" (monga maselo a magazi) omwe limafunikira ndikutumiza m'thupi lonse kudzera m'mitsempha yamagazi.
- Maselo Ofiira a M'magazi: Awa ndi "ntchito yotumizira" yomwe imanyamula mpweya m'thupi lonse.
- Maselo Oyera a M'magazi: Awa ndi "gulu lankhondo" la thupi lathu. Amalimbana ndi majeremusi omwe amayambitsa matenda.
- Ma platelet: Ili ndi "gulu lokonza" lomwe limasiya kutuluka magazi ngati pali kuvulala kwinakwake.
Zonsezi zimapangidwa mu mafuta a m'mafupa. Sikuti ndi mafuta okhawo, komanso mafuta a m'mafupa amathandiza kusunga mafuta kuti thupi ligwiritse ntchito nthawi iliyonse likawafuna. Chifukwa chake, sitingakhale popanda mafuta a m'mafupa.
Kodi mukudziwa kuti pali mitundu iwiri ya mafupa?
Inde, pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya mafupa m'thupi lathu. Amasiyanitsidwa ndi mtundu wawo. Pa avareji, munthu wamkulu amakhala ndi makilogalamu pafupifupi 2.5 a mitundu yonse iwiri m'thupi lake.
Tiyeni tiwone mitundu iwiriyi.
| Mtundu wa mafupa | Ntchito yaikulu ndi kufotokozera |
|---|---|
| Mafuta Ofiira a Bone | Iyi ndi fakitale yaikulu yomwe imapanga maselo athu a magazi. Mu zamankhwala, timatcha njira iyi (Hematopoiesis) . Maselo ofiira a magazi, maselo oyera a magazi, ndi ma platelet amapangidwa kuchokera ku maselo apadera mkati mwa mafuta ofiira a m'mafupa. |
| Mafuta a Bone Achikasu | Mtundu uwu umapangidwa makamaka ndi mafuta. Ntchito yake yayikulu ndikusunga mafuta kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito mphamvu ikafunika. Komanso, maselo oyambira omwe ali mmenemo angathandize kumanga mafupa, chichereŵechereŵe, minofu, ndi maselo amafuta. |
Tikakhala aang'ono, mpaka zaka 7, mafupa athu amakhala opangidwa ndi mafuta ofiira a m'mafupa. Izi zili choncho chifukwa panthawiyo, thupi limafunika maselo ambiri amagazi kuti likule. Pamene tikukula, mafuta ofiira ena a m'mafupa amenewa amasanduka mafuta achikasu a m'mafupa.
Kodi ndingapereke mafuta a m'mafupa? Chifukwa chiyani?
Inde, zingathekedi. Ndi chinthu chabwino kwambiri kuchita kuti mupulumutse moyo. Mu matenda ena, makamaka khansa ya m'magazi, yomwe ndi khansa ya m'magazi, maselo omwe ali mu m'mafupa amakhala osazolowereka, zomwe zimalepheretsa kupanga maselo athanzi amagazi ndikulola maselo osazolowereka a khansa kukula mofulumira.
Nthawi ngati izi, poika mafuta a m'mafupa kuchokera kwa munthu wathanzi kupita kwa wodwala (Bone Marrow Transplant), thupi la wodwalayo limayambanso kupanga maselo a magazi athanzi.
Chomwe chimachitika pamenepa n’chakuti maselo athanzi, otengedwa kuchokera kwa wopereka wathanzi, amalowetsedwa m’magazi a wodwalayo. Kenako maselowo amapita n’kukhazikika m’mafupa a wodwalayo ndikuyamba kupanga maselo athanzi a magazi.
Ndi matenda ati omwe amakhudza mafupa?
Popeza mafuta a m'mafupa ndiye malo oyambira kupanga magazi, matenda osiyanasiyana okhudzana ndi magazi amatha kuchitika pamene ntchito ya mafuta a m'mafupa yasokonekera. Tiyeni tiwone zina mwa matenda akuluakulu otere.
| Matenda | Kufotokozera kosavuta |
|---|---|
| Khansa ya m'magazi | Iyi ndi khansa yomwe imakhudza mafupa ndi magazi. Maselo omwe ali mu mafupa amasinthasintha ndipo amapanga maselo oyera ambiri osazolowereka popanda kulamulira. |
| Myeloma yambiri | Mtundu wapadera wa selo wotchedwa maselo a plasma mu m'mafupa umakhala khansa ndipo umakula mosalamulirika. |
| Kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi | Chomwe chimachitika pamenepa n’chakuti mafuta a m’mafupa sapanga maselo okwanira a magazi (ofiira, oyera, ndi ma platelet). Zili ngati fakitale ya mafuta a m’mafupa yasiya kugwira ntchito. |
| Polycythemia Vera | Izi zimachitika pamene mafuta a m'mafupa amatulutsa maselo ofiira ambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magazi azikhuthala komanso kuwonjezera chiopsezo cha magazi kuundana. |
| Matenda a Myelodysplastic | Ili ndi gulu la matenda. Pachifukwa ichi, maselo a m'magazi opangidwa ndi mafuta a m'mafupa sali athanzi ndipo sagwira ntchito bwino. Zotsatira zake, chiwerengero cha maselo athanzi m'thupi chimachepa. |
Kodi zizindikiro zofala za matenda amenewa ndi ziti?
Ngakhale kuti matenda aliwonse amakhala ndi zizindikiro zakezake pamene pali vuto ndi mafuta a m'mafupa, zizindikiro zotsatirazi ndi zofala:
- Kutopa ndi kutopa: Popanda maselo ofiira okwanira, thupi sililandira mpweya womwe limafunikira.
- Matenda ofala: Chifukwa cha kusowa kwa maselo oyera a magazi abwino, chitetezo cha mthupi chimafooka.
- Kutupa ndi kutuluka magazi mosavuta: Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa ma platelet m'magazi, ngakhale kudula pang'ono kumatenga nthawi yayitali kuti magazi asiye kutuluka. Khungu limatha kuvulala mosavuta.
- Kufooka kwa minofu.
- Kutuwa.
Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro ngati izi, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuonana ndi dokotala nthawi yomweyo kuti akupatseni upangiri.
Kodi mungayang'anire bwanji thanzi la mafuta a m'mafupa?
Ngati dokotala akukayikira kuti muli ndi vuto ndi mafuta a m'mafupa anu, pali mayeso awiri omwe angatsimikizire izi. Mayeso onsewa nthawi zambiri amachitidwa ndi mankhwala oletsa kupweteka, kotero simudzamva kupweteka kwambiri.
1. Kutulutsa mpweya wa m'mafupa: Pa izi, singano yapadera imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchotsa chitsanzo cha madzi ndi maselo kuchokera mu m'mafupa. Chitsanzochi chimayesedwa kuti chidziwe mitundu yeniyeni ya maselo omwe ali mu m'mafupa komanso ngati ndi abwinobwino kapena osazolowereka.
2. Kufufuza za Mafupa a Bone Bone:Mu izi, chidutswa chaching'ono cha minofu ya m'mafupa chimatengedwa pogwiritsa ntchito singano yayikulu pang'ono. Izi zimatithandiza kumvetsetsa bwino kapangidwe ka maselo, mitundu, ndi kukula kwa maselo mu m'mafupa.
Pambuyo pa mayesowa, pakhoza kukhala ululu ndi mabala pomwe singano idayikidwa kwa masiku angapo. Koma zimenezo ndi zachilendo.
Kodi tingatani kuti mafupa akhale athanzi?
Popeza mafuta a m'mafupa ndiye maziko a mafupa athu, magazi, ndi minofu, kuchita zinthu zomwe zimathandiza kuti ziwalozo zikhale zathanzi kumathandizanso mafuta a m'mafupa.
- Idyani zakudya zokhala ndi mapuloteni ambiri: Phatikizani zakudya zokhala ndi mapuloteni ambiri monga nyama yopanda mafuta ambiri, nsomba, nyemba, mtedza, mkaka, ndi mazira muzakudya zanu. Mapuloteni ndi ofunikira popanga maselo athanzi.
- Samalani mavitamini ndi michere yanu: Iron, vitamini B9 (folic acid), ndi vitamini B12 ndizofunikira kwambiri pakupanga magazi. Idyani zakudya zokhala ndi izi (masamba, nyama, mtedza). Koma onetsetsani kuti mwafunsa dokotala wanu musanamwe mapiritsi a mavitamini.
- Sinthani matenda ena: Matenda ena amatha kusokoneza ntchito ya mafuta m'mafupa, choncho ndikofunikira kupeza chithandizo choyenera cha matenda ena aliwonse omwe mungakhale nawo.
- Moyo Wathanzi: Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi mokwanira, kugona bwino, komanso kudya zakudya zopatsa thanzi kumathandiza kuti ziwalo zonse za thupi zikhale ndi thanzi labwino, kuphatikizapo mafupa.
Mafupa ali ngati ngwazi yopanda phokoso koma yofunika kwambiri m'thupi lathu. Ndi udindo wathu kudziwa izi ndikusamalira thanzi lathu.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Mafupa a m'mafupa ndiye fakitale yaikulu mkati mwa mafupa athu yomwe imapanga maselo a magazi (maselo ofiira a magazi, maselo oyera a magazi, ndi ma platelet).
- Pali mitundu iwiri ya mafupa, ofiira ndi achikasu. Magazi amapangidwa makamaka kuchokera ku mafupa ofiira.
- Mu khansa ya m'magazi monga khansa ya m'magazi, ntchito ya mafuta a m'mafupa imachepa. Kuika mafuta a m'mafupa abwino kungakhale chithandizo chopulumutsa moyo kwa odwala otere.
- Ndikofunikira kufunafuna upangiri wa dokotala ngati mukukumana ndi zizindikiro monga kutopa pafupipafupi, matenda pafupipafupi, kapena mabala osavuta.
- Zakudya zopatsa thanzi zokhala ndi mapuloteni ndi mavitamini ambiri komanso moyo wathanzi zimathandiza kuti mafupa akhale ndi thanzi labwino.
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