Kodi mukumva ngati mtima wanu waswekanso? ​​Tiyeni tikambirane za "Broken Heart Syndrome" iyi!

Kodi munayamba mwamvapo mtima wanu ukugunda, chifuwa chanu chikulimba, kapena kupuma kwanu kukuvutani mukakhala ndi chisoni, kudabwa, kapena kusangalala kwambiri? Ngakhale tonse timalankhula za kukhala ndi "mtima wosweka," pali chifukwa chachipatala cha izi. Madokotala amatcha vutoli "Broken Heart Syndrome" kapena "Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy." Musadandaule, ili ndi vuto lomwe lingachiritsidwe kwathunthu ngati litachiritsidwa bwino.

Kodi kwenikweni "Broken Heart Syndrome" ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, iyi ndi vuto lomwe gawo la minofu ya mtima limafooka mwadzidzidzi komanso kwakanthawi. Taganizirani izi motere: pamene mbali imodzi ya mtima wanu ikhala "yaulesi" pang'ono, ziwalo zina ziyenera kugwira ntchito molimbika kuti zipope magazi m'thupi lanu lonse. Kufooka kumeneku nthawi zambiri kumachitika pambuyo pa kupsinjika kwakukulu kwa thupi kapena kwamaganizo.

Minofu ya mtima ikafooka, mtima sulandira kuchuluka kwa magazi komwe ukufunikira, ndipo supompa magazi moyenera. Mukudziwa, selo lililonse m'thupi lathu limafunikira mpweya, ndipo ndi lomwe magazi amalandira. Chifukwa chake ngati mtima sukugwira ntchito bwino, umakhudza thupi lonse.

Pali mayina ena angapo a vutoli:

• Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy
• Kuthamanga kwa Mabaluni a Apical Cardiomyopathy kapena Matenda Osakhalitsa a Mabaluni a Apical
• Matenda a Mtima Okhudzana ndi Kupsinjika Maganizo kapena Matenda a Mtima Oyambitsidwa ndi Kupsinjika Maganizo
• Matenda a Gebrochenes-Herz (Ili ndi liwu la Chijeremani, lotanthauza "mtima wosweka")

Kodi mitundu ikuluikulu ya vutoli ndi iti?

Pali mitundu inayi ikuluikulu ya "Broken Heart Syndrome." Izi zimagawidwa kutengera gawo la mtima lomwe lakhudzidwa:

1. Mtundu wa apical: Uwu ndi mtundu wofala kwambiri , womwe umawerengera odwala oposa 80%. Izi zimakhudza theka la pansi la mtima. Tangoganizirani gawo la pansi la mtima likutupa ngati buluni.

2. Mtundu wa pakati pa mitsempha ya mtima: Mtundu uwu umakhudza gawo lapakati la zipinda zapansi pa mtima, ma ventricle. Malo okhudzidwawo amaoneka ngati mzere wozungulira mtima. Zigawo zomwe zili pamwamba ndi pansi pa mzerewu zimagwira ntchito bwino.

3. Mtundu wa basal: Izi zikufanana ndi mtundu wa mid-ventricle, koma "lamba" lomwe lakhudzidwa limakhala pamwamba pang'ono mumtima. Pankhaniyi, gawo lokhalo lomwe lili pansi pa lamba limagwira ntchito bwino. Izi sizichitika kawirikawiri , zimachitika mwa anthu pafupifupi 2% okha.

4. Mtundu wa focal: Uwu ndi mtundu wosowa kwambiri , womwe umapezeka pafupifupi 1% ya milandu. Mu mtundu uwu, gawo laling'ono kwambiri la mtima ndi lomwe limakhudzidwa. Malo okhudzidwawo amaoneka ngati kutupa pang'ono.

Kodi vutoli ndi lofala bwanji?

Zapezeka kuti pafupifupi 2% ya anthu omwe amabwera kudzaonana ndi madokotala akuganiza kuti ali ndi matenda a mtima ali ndi "Broken Heart Syndrome." Komabe, chifukwa nthawi zina madokotala sangathe kuzindikira matendawa molondola, ofufuza amakhulupirira kuti chiwerengero chenicheni cha odwala chikhoza kukhala chokwera.

Matendawa, otchedwa Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy, amakhudza kwambiri akazi . 89% ya milandu yomwe yanenedwa ndi akazi. Chiwopsezo chimakhala chachikulu makamaka akamaliza kusamba (nthawi zambiri pakati pa zaka 58 ndi 77).

Chifukwa chimodzi chomwe chimapangitsa izi ndi chakuti mahomoni otchedwa ``estrogen'' m'matupi a akazi amateteza mtima ku mahomoni owopsa omwe amapangidwa ndi thupi panthawi ya kupsinjika. Pamene tikukalamba, kuchuluka kwa ``estrogen'' kumeneku kumachepa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mtima ukhudzidwe ndi kupsinjika mwadzidzidzi.

Kodi zizindikiro zake ndi ziti?

Mungathe kuona zizindikiro za "Broken Heart Syndrome" mkati mwa mphindi zochepa kapena maola angapo kuchokera pamene mwakumana ndi vuto lalikulu. Mahomoni omwe amatulutsidwa ndi nkhawa "amasokoneza" minofu ya mtima kwakanthawi. Zizindikiro zake zimafanana ndi za matenda a mtima wamba .

Zizindikiro zazikulu ndi izi:

• Kupweteka pachifuwa mwadzidzidzi, koopsa (angina).
• Kuvuta kupuma.
• Kufooka kwa ventricle yakumanzere ya mtima (ichi ndi chizindikiro chomwe madokotala amatha kuchizindikira kudzera mu mayeso).
• Kusakhazikika kwa kayendedwe ka mtima (arrhythmias).
• Kuthamanga kwa magazi pang'ono (hypotension).
• Kumva ngati mtima wako ukugunda mofulumira (kugunda kwa mtima).
• Kawirikawiri, kutaya chidziwitso (syncope).

Kodi kusiyana pakati pa "Broken Heart Syndrome" ndi matenda a mtima ndi kotani?

Chifukwa zizindikiro za zonsezi zimafanana kwambiri (kupweteka pachifuwa, kupuma movutikira), mungaganize kuti muli ndi vuto la mtima. Koma kusiyana kwakukulu ndikuti mu "Broken Heart Syndrome" palibe kutsekeka kwa mitsempha ya mtima yomwe imapereka magazi kumtima. Komanso, nthawi zambiri sipamakhala kuwonongeka kosatha kwa mtima. Nthawi zambiri, kuchira kumachitika mwachangu komanso mokwanira.

Kodi n’chiyani chimayambitsa izi?

Ngakhale ofufuza sakudziwabe chifukwa chimodzi, amakhulupirira kuti izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kupsinjika maganizo mwadzidzidzi, kwakukulu kapena kupsinjika maganizo. Taganizirani za chisoni chomwe mumamva mutataya wokondedwa wanu, mwachita ngozi, kapena mutataya ntchito. Mukakhala ndi nkhawa kwambiri, kaya mwakuthupi kapena m'maganizo, thupi lanu limatulutsa mahomoni opsinjika m'magazi mwanu. Akatswiri amakhulupirira kuti mahomoni awa amasokoneza kwakanthawi mphamvu ya mtima kuti igwire ntchito.

Komabe, anthu ochepa kwambiri (mwa omwe ali ndi matenda a Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy) sangakumane ndi vuto lililonse lodziwika bwino la kupsinjika maganizo.

Palibe umboni wosonyeza kuti vutoli limapatsira ana kuchokera kwa makolo.

Ndi mavuto ati a m'maganizo ndi akuthupi omwe angayambitse izi?

Zitsanzo za zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa kupsinjika maganizo mwadzidzidzi:

• Chisoni chachikulu chomwe chimabwera chifukwa cha imfa ya wokondedwa, kapena kutayika kwakukulu (kusweka kwa ubale, kutayika kwa nyumba, ndalama, kapena chiweto chokondedwa).
• Ngakhale nkhani yabwino nthawi zina ingayambitse izi! (Mwachitsanzo, phwando lodabwitsa panthawi yosayembekezereka, kukopana kwakukulu kwa lotale).
• Kulandira nkhani zoipa.
• Zochitika zoopsa monga ngozi ndi zivomerezi.
• Mantha aakulu (kupita kukalankhula pamaso pa gulu, kukumana ndi kuba ndi mfuti).
• Mkwiyo wopitirira muyeso.

Zitsanzo za zinthu zomwe zimakupangitsani kupsinjika mwadzidzidzi:

• Ululu waukulu.
• Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kotopetsa kwambiri.
• Mavuto azaumoyo: matenda a mphumu, kupuma movutikira, khunyu, sitiroko, kutentha thupi kwambiri, hypoglycemia, kutuluka magazi kwambiri, kapena opaleshoni.

Ndani amene ali ndi mwayi waukulu wopeza izi?

Muli ndi mwayi waukulu wopeza "Broken Heart Syndrome" ngati :

• Ngati ndinu mkazi .
• Ngati muli ndi zaka zoposa 50 .
• Ngati mudadwalapo matenda amisala (monga nkhawa kapena kuvutika maganizo).
• Ngati mudadwalapo matenda a mitsempha (monga khunyu kapena sitiroko).

Kodi izi zingayambitse mavuto otani?

Mavuto a "Broken Heart Syndrome" ndi osowa , koma nthawi zina amakhala aakulu. Ena mwa iwo ndi awa:

• Kutupa kwa mapapo.
• Kuphulika kwa ventricle ya kumanzere (kosowa kwambiri).
• Kutsekeka kwa magazi kuchokera ku ventricle yakumanzere.
• Kulephera kwa mtima.
• Magazi oundana omwe anamatirira pakhoma la ventricle yakumanzere.
• Kuthamanga kwa magazi pang'ono (Hypotension).
• Mawonekedwe osazolowereka a mtima (arrhythmia).
• Kugwedezeka kwa mtima ndi vuto lomwe limayamba chifukwa cha kulephera kugwira ntchito bwino kwa mtima.
• Kutsekeka kwa mtima.
• Kawirikawiri, ngakhale imfa imatha kuchitika.

Chofunika: Ngakhale kuti mavutowa ndi osowa, ndikofunikira kufunafuna upangiri wa dokotala zizindikiro zikayamba kuonekera.

Kodi madokotala amazindikira bwanji izi?

Dokotala adzakuyesani kaye ndikukufunsani za mbiri yanu ya matenda. Kenako, angachite mayeso angapo kuti atsimikizire vutoli:

• Kuyezetsa magazi: Kuyezetsa ma enzyme enaake omwe amatulutsidwa ndi maselo a minofu ya mtima omwe awonongeka m'magazi.
• EKG (ECG - Electrocardiogram): Kuyeza komwe kumalemba momwe magetsi a mtima amagwirira ntchito.
• Angiography ya mtima: Kuyeza kwapadera kwa X-ray kuti muwone ngati mitsempha ya mtima yatsekeka. Izi zithandiza kudziwa ngati ichi ndi matenda a mtima kapena ayi.Chofunika kwambiri .
• Echocardiography: Kujambula kwa ultrasound kuti muwone momwe mtima umagwirira ntchito, kukula kwake, ndi mawonekedwe ake.
• X-ray ya pachifuwa.
• Kujambula kwa Mtima (MRI) (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Kuyeza komwe kungapangitse zithunzi za mtima kukhala zatsatanetsatane.
• Ventriculogram: Utoto umalowetsedwa mu ventricle yakumanzere ya mtima, ndipo X-ray imatengedwa kuti ione kukula kwa chipindacho ndi momwe magazi ake amayendera bwino.

Ngakhale kuti mayeso angasonyeze madera omwe mtima wawonongeka, angiography ya mtima ndi yofunika kwambiri kuti itsimikizire kuti si matenda a mtima. Izi zili choncho chifukwa, mosiyana ndi matenda a mtima, mu "Broken Heart Syndrome" mitsempha ya m'mtima siitsekedwa.

Kodi mankhwala ake ndi otani?

Ngakhale palibe "mankhwala" enieni a "Broken Heart Syndrome" kapena "Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy", anthu ambiri amachira mokwanira ndi mankhwala.

Mitundu ya mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza:

• Aspirin: Imathandiza kuti magazi aziyenda bwino komanso imaletsa magazi kuundana.
• Mankhwala oletsa kuthamanga kwa magazi (Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme inhibitors) kapena ma ARB (Angiotensin Receptor Blockers): Amachepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi ndikuchepetsa kutupa mumtima.
• Beta-blockers: Amachepetsa kugunda kwa mtima.
• Mankhwala Ochepetsa Kutuluka kwa Madzi M'thupi: Chepetsani kuchuluka kwa madzi ochulukirapo m'thupi.

Kawirikawiri, ngati mtima ukufunika thandizo popompa magazi, kungakhale kofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito chipangizo monga ``intra-aortic balloon pump'' kapena ``left ventricular assist device''.

Kodi pali zovuta zilizonse kapena zotsatirapo zina za chithandizochi?

Kawirikawiri, zina mwa zotsatirapo zomwe zingachitike panthawi ya chithandizo cha `(Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy)` ndi izi:

• Matenda a ziwengo kapena mavuto ena omwe mukumwa, kapena mavuto omwe mukukumana nawo ndi mankhwala ena omwe mukumwa.
• Pali chiopsezo chochepa cha kutuluka magazi, matenda, magazi kuundana, sitiroko, kapena matenda a mtima chifukwa cha ``chipangizo chothandizira cha ventricle yakumanzere'' kapena ``pumpu ya baluni ya intra-aortic'' yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri.

Kodi ndidzachira msanga bwanji nditalandira chithandizo?

Anthu ambiri amayamba kumva bwino akalandira chithandizo cha "Broken Heart Syndrome." Izi zitha kuchitika ali kuchipatala, kapena zitha kuchitika mkati mwa maola ochepa kapena masiku angapo atayamba kulandira chithandizo.

Kodi pali njira zopewera izi kuti zisachitike?

Palibe njira yeniyeni yopewera kufalikira kwa "Broken Heart Syndrome". Komabe,Kuphunzira momwe mungathanirane ndi kupsinjika maganizo ndi njira zothetsera mavuto kungakuthandizeni kuchepetsa kupsinjika maganizo ndi thupi.

Njira zopumulirako zingakhale zothandiza kwambiri. Nazi zitsanzo zina:

• Kuchita yoga, kusinkhasinkha, kulemba nkhani, kapena kusinkhasinkha.
• Kusamba m'madzi ofunda.
• Kuwotcha ndodo zofukiza.
• Kupuma mpweya wautali komanso wakuya ndikutulutsa mpweya pang'onopang'ono.

Kutengera ndi chifukwa cha nkhawa yanu, mungafune kulowa nawo gulu lothandizira kuti mukambirane za vutoli ndikugawana njira zothetsera mavuto. Mungafunenso kupempha thandizo kwa katswiri wodziwa bwino ntchito.

Kuphatikiza apo, kukhala ndi zizolowezi zabwino kungathandizenso kuchepetsa kupsinjika kwa thupi ndi maganizo. Zizolowezi zimenezi zikuphatikizapo:

• Kudya zakudya zopatsa thanzi (monga zakudya za ku Mediterranean).
• Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse (osachepera mphindi 30 masiku asanu pa sabata).
• Kugona maola pakati pa asanu ndi awiri ndi asanu ndi anayi tsiku lililonse.
• Kupatula nthawi ndi ena.
• Kupita kukayezetsa matenda ndi kukayezetsa thanzi lanu nthawi yake.
• Pewani fodya, mankhwala osokoneza bongo, ndi kumwa mowa mopitirira muyeso. (Ngati mukufuna thandizo kuti musiye, dokotala wanu angakutsogolereni).

Kodi vutoli lipitirira kutikhudza? Kodi chiyembekezo chili bwanji?

"Broken Heart Syndrome" kapena "Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy" ndi matenda akanthawi kwa anthu ambiri . Mwina mudzachira popanda mavuto a mtima a nthawi yayitali.

Ngati muli ndi "Broken Heart Syndrome" chifukwa cha vuto la thanzi la nthawi yayitali (monga sitiroko, mphumu, kapena khunyu), onani dokotala wanu kuti akuthandizeni kuthana ndi mavuto amenewo.

Nthawi zina, dokotala wanu angakulangizeni kuti mubwerezenso echocardiogram milungu inayi kapena isanu ndi umodzi pambuyo pa chochitikacho kuti muwonetsetse kuti mulibe vuto lina lililonse la thanzi la mtima komanso kuti ventricle yanu yakumanzere ikugwiranso ntchito bwino.

Kodi vutoli lidzatha liti?

Kawirikawiri, anthu amachira pambuyo pa vuto lopsinjika maganizo mkati mwa masiku ochepa kapena milungu ingapo. Komabe, anthu ambiri amatha kusowa mphamvu kwa miyezi ingapo atadwala "Broken Heart Syndrome." Izi nthawi zina zingayambitse kuvutika maganizo. Ngati izi zikukuchitikirani, onetsetsani kuti mwapeza thandizo kwa dokotala.

Chiyembekezo cha "Broken Heart Syndrome"

Anthu omwe amadwala matenda a "Broken Heart Syndrome" chifukwa cha matenda ena (monga matenda kapena opaleshoni) akhoza kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa pang'ono kuposa omwe amadwala matendawa chifukwa cha vuto la maganizo.

Ngakhale kuti amuna sangakhale ndi vutoli nthawi zambiri, amakhala ndi zotsatirapo zoopsa kwambiri. Izi zitha kukhala chifukwa chakuti ali ndi matenda ena akuluakulu.

Ofufuza apeza kuti kumwa mankhwala otchedwa ACE inhibitors kapena ARBs kumawonjezera nthawi yoyembekezera moyo.

Chiwerengero cha imfa chifukwa cha "Broken Heart Syndrome" ndi chotsika kwambiri . Chili pakati pa 0% ndi 8%. Nthawi zambiri, iyi ndi vuto la kanthawi kochepa lomwe limachira kwathunthu.

Kodi ndimadzisamalira bwanji?

Mungafunike kupitiriza kumwa mankhwala omwe mwapatsidwa kwa miyezi itatu mpaka isanu ndi umodzi. Ngati muli ndi Broken Heart Syndrome, chinthu chabwino kwambiri chomwe mungachite kuti mudzisamalire ndikumwa mankhwala anu monga mwalangizidwira ndikuonana ndi dokotala wanu monga mwalangizidwira. Zonsezi ndizofunikira kwambiri chifukwa cha zoopsa zomwe zimabwera chifukwa cha matenda a Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy kwa nthawi yayitali.

Matendawa amatha kubwereranso, kapena mavuto ena azaumoyo angabwere milungu ingapo mpaka zaka kuchokera pamene matendawa adayamba. Amabwereranso pakati pa 4% ndi 10% ya anthu omwe adadwalapo matendawa.

Kodi muyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Ngati muyamba zizindikiro zatsopano kapena mukuwona kusintha kwa zizindikiro zomwe muli nazo kale (makamaka ngati zikukhudza zochita zanu zatsiku ndi tsiku), pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo. Apo ayi, dokotala wanu adzakupatsani nthawi yokumana ndi dokotala ngati pakufunika kutero.

Kodi muyenera kupita ku Chipinda Chothandizira Anthu Odwala Mwadzidzidzi (ETU) liti?

Popeza zizindikiro za "Broken Heart Syndrome" zimafanana ndi za matenda a mtima, muyenera kupita kuchipatala ngati mukukumana ndi zizindikiro zilizonse za matenda a mtima. Zizindikiro izi ndi izi:

• Kupweteka pachifuwa (angina).
• Kuvuta kupuma.
• Ngati mwataya chidziwitso mosayembekezereka, kapena ngati mukumva chizungulire komanso pafupifupi kukomoka kangapo.
• Kumva ngati mtima wako ukugunda mofulumira (kugunda kwa mtima).
• Ngati mtima wanu ukugunda pang'onopang'ono kapena mofulumira kwambiri, kapena ngati mukumva ngati mtima wanu ukudumphadumpha kapena ukugunda mopitirira muyeso.

Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro za "Broken Heart Syndrome" kapena "Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy", pitani kuchipatala mwamsanga. Njira yokhayo yodziwira ngati muli ndi "Broken Heart Syndrome", matenda a mtima, kapena vuto lina lachipatala ndikupita kukayezetsa.

Ndi mafunso ati omwe ndiyenera kufunsa dokotala wanga?

Mungathe kufunsa dokotala wanu mafunso monga awa:

• Kodi ndiyenera kumwa mankhwala omwe ndapatsidwa kwa nthawi yayitali bwanji?
• Kodi ndikufunika kuyesedwa kwina kulikonse (kuyesa kotsatira)?
• Kodi ndiyenera kubwera kudzakuonani kangati?

Kodi kupsinjika maganizo kwa tsiku ndi tsiku kungayambitse "Broken Heart Syndrome"?

Mwina ayi. Zizindikiro zimayamba pambuyo pa chochitika chadzidzidzi kapena chodetsa nkhawa kwambiri.Ngati mumamva kupweteka pachifuwa kapena kupuma movutikira ngakhale mutakhala ndi nkhawa pang'ono tsiku lililonse, pitani kwa dokotala.

Zizindikiro zosalekeza nthawi zambiri sizimayimira "Broken Heart Syndrome." Dokotala wanu angakuthandizeni kuphunzira momwe mungathanirane ndi nkhawa, kukupatsani mankhwala ngati muli ndi nkhawa, kapena kuyitanitsa mayeso ngati akukayikira kuti pali vuto la thanzi lomwe silinadziwike.

Kodi "Broken Heart Syndrome" ndi vuto lalikulu?

Kawirikawiri, inde. Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda aakulu kapena osakhazikika angafunike kuyang'aniridwa mosamala ndipo angafunike chithandizo chapamwamba kwambiri, monga zipangizo zothandizira makina.

Kutengera ndi kufooka kwa minofu ya mtima wanu, dokotala wanu angakulangizeninso kuti mtima wanu uyambenso kugwira ntchito bwino.

Zinthu zofunika kwambiri zomwe muyenera kukumbukira

Tonse tamva anthu akunena za kumva ngati "mtima wosweka." Koma "Broken Heart Syndrome," kapena Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy, ndi matenda enieni omwe angachitike mukakhala ndi nkhawa yadzidzidzi yamaganizo kapena yakuthupi.

Nkhani yabwino ndi yakuti vutoli ndi la kanthawi kochepa ndipo nthawi zambiri silimayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa mtima kosatha. Komabe, chifukwa zizindikiro zake zimafanana ndi za matenda a mtima, musadziyese nokha ndipo ganizirani kuti muli ndi "Broken Heart Syndrome." Nthawi zonse pitani kuchipatala chadzidzidzi. Mayeso okha ndi omwe angadziwe ngati zizindikiro za mtima wanu ndi matenda a mtima, "Broken Heart Syndrome," kapena vuto lina la thanzi.

Matenda a mtima wosweka, matenda a mtima otchedwa takotsubo, matenda a mtima, kupsinjika maganizo, kupweteka pachifuwa, kupuma movutikira, thanzi la akazi