Ngati mukuchita opaleshoni posachedwa, chimodzi mwa zinthu zomwe mumaopa kwambiri ndi ululu womwe udzabwere pambuyo pake. "O, dokotala, kodi udzapweteka kwambiri pambuyo pake?" Tonse tikufunsa, sichoncho? Mantha amenewo ndi oyenera. Koma, mwamwayi, lero, chifukwa cha kupita patsogolo kwa sayansi ya zamankhwala, pali njira zambiri zabwino zowongolera ululu womwe umachitika pambuyo pa opaleshoni. Chifukwa chake lero tikambirana za mankhwala apadera omwe madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito kuwongolera ululuwu. Amatchedwa Bupivacaine.
Kodi Bupivacaine iyi ndi chiyani?
Mwachidule, Bupivacaine ndi mankhwala oletsa dzanzi omwe amaperekedwa kuti athetse dzanzi pamalo ozungulira bala la opaleshoni panthawi ya opaleshoni kapena pambuyo pake. Ali ngati mankhwala oletsa dzanzi omwe mumapatsa mkamwa musanachotse dzino, koma ndi mankhwala apadera komanso amphamvu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mabala ochitidwa opaleshoni.
Izi zimabayidwa mwachindunji m'dera lomwe opaleshoniyo inachitikira, kutanthauza kuti, m'minofu yozungulira bala. Izi zimachititsa kuti mitsempha ya m'derali isagwire ntchito kwakanthawi ndipo zimaletsa zizindikiro za ululu kupita ku ubongo. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mudzamva ululu wochepa kwa maola angapo mutachita opaleshoniyo. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mudzakhala omasuka kwambiri mukachira.
Zinthu zomwe muyenera kuuza dokotala wanu musanapereke mankhwala awa
Dokotala wanu asanakupatseni mankhwala awa, ayenera kudziwa mbiri yanu yonse ya matenda. Izi zili choncho chifukwa matenda ena amafunika chisamaliro chapadera mukamagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa. Chifukwa chake, ngati muli ndi vuto lililonse lomwe latchulidwa pansipa, onetsetsani kuti mwauza dokotala wanu za vutoli. Musanyalanyaze, chifukwa chitetezo chanu ndiye chinthu chofunikira kwambiri.
| Matenda kapena vuto | N’chifukwa chiyani muyenera kudziwitsa? |
|---|---|
| Kutupa kwa Bupivacaine kapena mankhwala ena ochepetsa mantha (monga Lidocaine) | Kupewa kuyambitsa vuto lalikulu la ziwengo. |
| Matenda a mtima | Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a mtima amafunika chisamaliro chapadera chifukwa zotsatira za mankhwalawa zingakhale zosiyana. |
| Matenda a chiwindi kapena impso | Chifukwa zingakhudze njira yochotsera mankhwala m'thupi. |
| Kuthamanga kwa magazi kotsika | Chifukwa mankhwalawa amatha kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi kwambiri. |
| Matenda a m'mapapo (monga mphumu, COPD) | Kudziwa za chiopsezo cha mavuto a kupuma. |
| Kusowa kwa G6PD | Imeneyi ndi vuto losowa kwambiri lokhudzana ndi magazi lomwe limafuna chisamaliro chapadera. |
| Kukhala ndi pakati, kuyesa kutenga pakati, kapena kuyamwitsa | Kuganizira zotsatira zomwe zingachitike pa mwana ndikupanga chisankho chabwino kwambiri. |
Kodi mumagwiritsa ntchito bwanji mankhwalawa?
Chofunika ndichakuti, iyi si mankhwala omwe mungamwe kunyumba. Jakisoni wa Bupivacaine amaperekedwa kuchipatala kapena ku chipatala kokha ndi dokotala wophunzitsidwa bwino kapena namwino.
Kawirikawiri imabayidwa m'minofu yozungulira bala la opaleshoni panthawi ya opaleshoni kapena pambuyo pake, kotero simuyenera kuda nkhawa kuti mwaphonya mlingo.
Ngati pakhala vuto ladzidzidzi la kumwa mankhwala mopitirira muyeso, lidzachitika kuchipatala ndipo ogwira ntchito zachipatala adzachitapo kanthu nthawi yomweyo. Zikatero, akhoza kuyimbiranso National Poisons Information Centre ku Colombo National Hospital ndikupeza upangiri wofunikira. Komanso, wodwalayo adzaloledwa nthawi yomweyo ku Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) ndipo chithandizo chofunikira chidzaperekedwa.
Mankhwala ena omwe angagwirizane ndi Bupivacaine
Ngati mukumwa mankhwala ena aliwonse, ndikofunikira kuuza dokotala wanu za mankhwalawo. Mankhwala ena amatha kusokonezana ndi Bupivacaine ndikuyambitsa zotsatira zosafunikira. Uzani dokotala wanu za mankhwala onse omwe mukumwa, osati omwe dokotala wanu wakupatsani okha, komanso mankhwala ochepetsa ululu, mavitamini, ndi mankhwala azitsamba omwe mumagula ku pharmacy.
Kodi zotsatirapo zake zingakhale zotani?
Monga mankhwala ena aliwonse, Bupivacaine ingayambitse mavuto ena mwa anthu ena. Komabe, si aliyense amene amawapeza. Ena ndi oopsa ndipo amafunika kunenedwa nthawi yomweyo. Ena ndi abwinobwino ndipo amatha pakapita nthawi. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe zili.
| Zotsatira zoyipa | Kufotokozera |
|---|---|
| Zotsatirapo zomwe muyenera kuuza dokotala kapena namwino nthawi yomweyo: | |
| Matenda oopsa a ziwengo | Kutupa pakhungu, kuyabwa, kutupa kwa nkhope, milomo, lilime kapena pakhosi, komanso kuvutika kupuma. |
| Kusintha kwa kugunda kwa mtima | Kumva ngati mtima wanu ukugunda mofulumira kapena mosakhazikika, chizungulire, kupweteka pachifuwa. |
| Kusokonezeka kwa mitsempha yapakati (CNS depression) | Kupuma pang'onopang'ono kapena pang'ono, kugona tulo tochuluka, komanso kusokonezeka maganizo. |
| Kugwidwa ndi khunyu | Thupi likugwedezeka, likugwedezeka. |
| Methemoglobinemia | Kuvuta kupuma, kusintha kwa mtundu wa buluu/imvi pakamwa, m'misomali, kapena pakhungu, kutopa kwambiri, mutu. (Ili ndi vuto losowa koma loopsa). |
| Zinthu zomwe nthawi zambiri sizili zazikulu, koma ziyenera kufotokozedwa kwa dokotala ngati zikupitirira | |
| Chizungulire, mutu | Mwina ndi kwakanthawi kochepa, koma mundidziwitse ngati zipitirira. |
| Kusanza, nseru | Izi zitha kuchitikanso nthawi zambiri pambuyo pa opaleshoni. |
| Kusintha kwa kukoma mkamwa | Kumva kukoma kwachitsulo mkamwa. |
| Kulira m'makutu | Kumva phokoso la kulira m'makutu. |
Samalani malo opanda kanthu!
Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri. Popeza malo omwe opaleshoni yanu inachitikira ndi ofooka chifukwa cha jakisoni wa Bupivacaine, simudzamva kupweteka kulikonse m'derali. Chifukwa chake, pali mwayi waukulu wovulala kapena ngozi m'derali. Mwachitsanzo, simungamve kupweteka kulikonse ngati mutagundidwa, kudulidwa, kapena kupsa kulikonse m'derali. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kusamala kwambiri ndi dera limenelo mpaka dzanzi litatheratu. Samalani ndi zimenezo.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Bupivacaine ndi jakisoni wochepetsa ululu womwe umaperekedwa kuchipatala kokha kuti uchepetse ululu pambuyo pa opaleshoni.
- Onetsetsani kuti mwauza dokotala wanu za matenda anu onse (makamaka matenda a mtima, chiwindi, ndi impso) ndi mankhwala onse omwe mukumwa.
- Tetezani malo omwe alibe mphamvu ku zotsatira za mankhwala ku ngozi. Samalani kwambiri chifukwa simudzamva kupweteka kulikonse.
- Dziwitsani ogwira ntchito zachipatala nthawi yomweyo ngati muwona zotsatirapo zoyipa monga kupuma movutikira, kupweteka pachifuwa, kapena kutupa pankhope.
- Ngati muli ndi mafunso kapena nkhawa zokhudzana ndi mankhwalawa kapena vuto lanu, musaope kulankhula ndi dokotala kapena namwino wanu.
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