Tiyeni Tikambirane za C3G (Chowonjezera 3 Glomerulopathy): Matenda Osowa a Impso - Nirogi Lanka

Kodi mwaona magazi mu mkodzo wanu, kutupa m'miyendo yanu, kapena kutopa kosalekeza komanso kosaneneka? Zizindikiro izi zitha kukhala zizindikiro zochenjeza kuchokera ku impso zanu. Ku Nirogi Lanka, tikufuna kukuthandizani kuti mudziwe zambiri za thanzi lanu. Lero, tikukambirana za vuto la impso lomwe silikupezeka kawirikawiri koma lofunika kwambiri lomwe muyenera kudziwa: C3G, kapena Complement 3 Glomerulopathy.

Kodi C3 Glomerulopathy (C3G) ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, C3G imatanthauza gulu la matenda omwe amakhudza momwe impso zanu zimagwirira ntchito. Monga mukudziwa, impso zanu zimagwira ntchito ngati njira yosefera thupi, zimagwira ntchito nthawi zonse kusefa magazi anu, kuchotsa zinyalala ndi madzi ochulukirapo, ndikupanga mkodzo.

"Chowonjezera 3" (C3) ndi puloteni yapadera yomwe imapezeka m'magazi mwanu yomwe imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pa chitetezo chamthupi chanu, kuthandiza thupi lanu kulimbana ndi matenda. "Glomerulopathy" imatanthauza kuwonongeka kwa "glomeruli" - timitsempha tating'onoting'ono ta magazi mkati mwa impso zanu zomwe zimagwira ntchito ngati zosefera zazing'ono kwambiri kuti ziyeretse magazi anu.

C3G ndi vuto lomwe puloteni ya Complement 3 imagwira ntchito mopitirira muyeso, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti glomeruli iwonongeke ndikulepheretsa impso kugwira ntchito. Zisanafike chaka cha 2013, madokotala ankatchula gulu la matenda awa kuti “Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) mtundu wa I, II kapena III” kapena “Mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis.” Masiku ano, timagwiritsa ntchito mawu ogwirizana akuti C3G.

Kodi pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya C3G?

Inde, pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya C3G. Madokotala amazindikira mitundu iyi mwa kuchita "biopsy ya impso" —kumene chitsanzo chaching'ono cha minofu ya impso chimatengedwa ndikuyang'aniridwa pansi pa maikulosikopu kuti adziwe kuchuluka kwa kuwonongeka ndi kutupa mu glomeruli.

• "Matenda Ochuluka Kwambiri (DDD)": Poyamba ankadziwika kuti MPGN type II, mtundu uwu umakhala ndi mapuloteni okhuthala ngati riboni omwe amapezeka mu "Glomerular Basement Membrane (GBM)," yomwe ndi khoma la fyuluta yanu ya impso. Mtundu uwu nthawi zambiri umakhudza ana ndi achinyamata azaka za m'ma 20.

• "C3 Glomerulonephritis (C3GN)": Poyamba inkadziwika kuti MPGN type I kapena III, mtundu uwu susonyeza kuchulukana komweko monga DDD. Matendawa amapezeka kwambiri mwa anthu azaka zopitirira 30.

Kodi C3G ndi matenda osatha?

Inde, C3G ndi matenda osatha , zomwe zikutanthauza kuti imayamba pang'onopang'ono pakapita nthawi. Si matenda oopsa omwe amatha okha; popanda kuyang'aniridwa bwino, kuwonongeka kwa impso zanu kumatha kukulirakulira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chithandizo chamankhwala ndi kuyang'aniridwa ndi akatswiri a ku Nirogi Lanka kukhale kofunikira.

Kodi C3G ndi yofala bwanji?

Matenda a C3G ndi osowa kwambiri . Ziwerengero zikusonyeza kuti amakhudza anthu awiri kapena atatu pa anthu 100,000 aliwonse. Ngakhale kuti simunamvepo za matendawa, kukhala ndi chidziwitso ndiye sitepe yoyamba yoyendetsera bwino matendawa.

Kodi zizindikiro za C3G ndi ziti?

Kuzindikira zizindikiro zodziwika bwino za C3G ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti munthu ayambe kuchitapo kanthu msanga:

• Magazi mu mkodzo ("Hematuria"): Mkodzo wanu ungawoneke wofiira, kapena magazi angawonekere kokha kudzera mu maikulosikopu.
• Mapuloteni ochulukirapo mu mkodzo ("Proteinuria"): Izi nthawi zambiri zingapangitse mkodzo wanu kuoneka ngati thovu.
• Kuchepa kwa mkodzo (“Oliguria”).
• Mapuloteni ochepa m'magazi ("Hypoalbuminemia").
• Kutupa ("Edema"): Makamaka m'manja mwanu, m'mapazi, ndi m'miyendo. Ngati muwona kutupa, makamaka mukadzuka m'mawa, kungakhale chizindikiro.
• Kuthamanga kwa magazi (“Kuthamanga kwa magazi”).
• Matenda obwerezabwereza.
• Kutopa kwambiri: Kusowa mphamvu kosalekeza komanso kosalekeza komwe sikungapite patsogolo mukapuma.
• Odwala ena amathanso kudwala matenda monga “Gout.”

Mitundu yonse iwiri ya C3G ingayambitse kulephera kwa impso . Ngati impso zayamba kulephera kugwira ntchito, mungakumane ndi izi:

• Kutopa kosalekeza.
• Kusanza ndi kusanza.
• Kuvuta kumvetsera kapena kusokonezeka.
• Kutupa kosalekeza.
• Kuchuluka kapena kuchepa kwa mkodzo wotuluka (chizindikiro choyamba cha vuto la impso).

C3G ingakhudzenso ziwalo zina za thupi lanu:

• Mavuto a maso: Mapuloteni ndi calcium (“drusen”) amatha kusonkhana kumbuyo kwa “macula” m'diso lanu, zomwe zingakhudze maso anu.
• "Lipodystrophy": Matenda omwe amataya minofu yamafuta m'malo enaake a thupi, monga nkhope kapena miyendo.

Chifukwa chiyani C3G ikukula?

Chifukwa chachikulu cha C3G chili mu "dongosolo lowonjezera" lomwe limagwira ntchito mopitirira muyeso - gulu la mapuloteni m'magazi mwanu omwe nthawi zambiri amathandiza chitetezo chanu cha mthupi kumenyana ndi mabakiteriya ndi mavairasi.

Kwa odwala omwe ali ndi C3G, dongosololi limakhala losalamulirika ndipo limayamba kugwira ntchito mopitirira muyeso. Limayamba kuukira mapuloteni a C3, omwe kenako amaunjikana mu glomeruli yanu, zomwe zimalepheretsa impso zanu kusefa magazi anu bwino. Popanda chithandizo, kuwonongeka kosalekeza kumeneku kungayambitse kulephera kwa impso.

Ngakhale kuti choyambitsa chenicheni sichidziwika nthawi zambiri, anthu omwe angathandize ndi awa:

• Kusintha kwa majini: Kusintha kwa majini monga C3 kapena CFH, komwe kumayang'anira dongosolo lowonjezera.
• Monoclonal gammopathy: Matenda a magazi omwe amakhudza maselo a plasma m'mafupa anu, omwe angayambitse kusagwira bwino ntchito kwa dongosolo la minofu.
• Ma antibodies odziteteza ku matenda: Mapuloteni opangidwa ndi chitetezo chanu cha mthupi omwe amaukira minofu yathanzi molakwika. Kafukufuku akupitilira kuti adziwe gawo lenileni lomwe izi zimachita pakukula kwa C3G.

Ndani amene amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi C3G?

C3G ingakhudze aliyense. Imakhudza amuna ndi akazi mofanana. Ngakhale kuti zaka zapakati zodziwira matendawa zimakhala pafupifupi zaka 23, mtundu wa `DDD` nthawi zambiri umapezeka ali aang'ono poyerekeza ndi `C3GN`.

Kodi mavuto omwe C3G ingayambitse ndi ati?

Vuto lalikulu komanso lodetsa nkhawa kwambiri ndilakuti pafupifupi 50% ya anthu omwe ali ndi C3G—kutanthauza munthu m'modzi mwa awiri—akhoza kulephera kugwira ntchito ya impso mkati mwa zaka 10 kuchokera pamene apezeka ndi matendawa. Izi mwachionekere ndi nkhawa yaikulu kwa odwala komanso ogwira ntchito zachipatala.

Kodi C3G imapezedwa bwanji?

Dokotala wanu adzayitanitsa mayeso angapo kuti awone thanzi la impso zanu ndi momwe zimagwirira ntchito. Izi zitha kuphatikizapo:

• Kuyezetsa magazi: Tidzatenga chitsanzo cha magazi pang'ono kuti tiwone kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni owonjezera m'magazi anu ndikuwunika zinyalala monga creatinine zomwe ziyenera kusefedwa ndi impso zathanzi.
• Chiŵerengero Choyerekeza cha Kusefa kwa Glomerular (eGFR): Kuwerengera kumeneku kumagwiritsa ntchito milingo yanu ya `serum creatinine` kapena `cystatin C` kuti mudziwe momwe impso zanu zikusefera magazi anu bwino, zomwe zimakupatsani chithunzi chomveka bwino cha ntchito yawo.
• Kusanthula mkodzo: Mudzapereka chitsanzo cha mkodzo, chomwe labotale yathu idzachiyesa kuti ione kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni kapena magazi, zomwe ndi zizindikiro zoyambirira za kupsinjika kwa impso.
• Kuyeza impso: Iyi ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yotsimikizira kuti muli ndi matenda a C3G. Pa nthawiyi, dokotala amatenga tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta impso yanu. Timafufuza izi pogwiritsa ntchito maikulosikopu kuti tipeze kupezeka kwa mapuloteni a C3 omwe awonongeka mu 'glomeruli' yanu. Kapangidwe ka mapuloteniwa kamatithandizanso kusankha ngati muli ndi `DDD` kapena `C3GN`.

Kodi pali mankhwala a C3G?

Pakadali pano, palibe mankhwala enieni a C3G. Komabe, chonde musataye mtima. Ofufuza a Nirogi Lanka ndi apadziko lonse lapansi akupitilizabe kuphunzira za vutoli ndikugwira ntchito pa njira zatsopano zochiritsira. Tili ndi chiyembekezo cha kupita patsogolo kwa chithandizo mtsogolo.

Ndi mankhwala ati omwe alipo a C3G?

Ngakhale pakadali pano palibe mankhwala omwe avomerezedwa ndi FDA kuti agwiritse ntchito C3G, madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana zothandizira kuti achepetse kufalikira kwa matenda, kuwongolera zizindikiro, komanso kuteteza ntchito ya impso zanu, kuphatikizapo:

• Mankhwala oletsa kuthamanga kwa magazi: `ACE inhibitors` ndi `ARBs` amaperekedwa kuti achepetse kuthamanga kwa magazi mkati mwa `glomeruli`, zomwe zimathandiza kuchepetsa kutuluka kwa mapuloteni mumkodzo wanu ndikuchepetsa kupsinjika kwa impso zanu.
• Mankhwala ochepetsa cholesterol: Mankhwala monga `statins` angapatsidwe kuti achepetse kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'thupi, zomwe zingathandize kupewa kuwonongeka kwina kwa impso.
• Kusintha zakudya: Katswiri wa zakudya za impso adzapanga dongosolo la chakudya loyenera kuti likuthandizeni kukhala ndi thupi labwino. Kuchepetsa sodium (mchere), mafuta okhuta, ndi cholesterol ndikofunikira kuti impso zanu zithandizire.
• Corticosteroids: Mankhwala oletsa kutupa awa amathandiza kusintha chitetezo cha mthupi lanu kuti chisawononge 'glomeruli' yanu.
• Eculizumab: Mankhwala a `monoclonal antibody` awa, omwe nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa matenda osowa magazi, angathandize kukonza ntchito ya impso ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni mu mkodzo kwa odwala ena.
• Kuchotsa impso m'thupi: Kwa iwo omwe alephera kugwira ntchito bwino, kuchotsa impso m'thupi kumagwira ntchito ngati impso yochita kupanga, kusefa magazi anu ndikuchotsa madzi ochulukirapo ndi zinyalala.
• Kusamutsa impso: Iyi ndi njira yothandiza kwambiri yochizira matenda pomwe dokotala wa opaleshoni amalowetsa impso yanu yomwe sikugwira ntchito ndi impso yathanzi yopereka.

Ngati mwapezeka ndi `DDD` kapena `C3GN` ndipo muli ndi `monoclonal gammopathy`, gulu lanu lachipatala lidzachita mayeso ena kuti liwunikire matenda aliwonse omwe amayambitsa matenda.

Kodi chiyembekezo cha C3G ndi chotani?

Ngakhale odwala ambiri amatha kulephera kugwira ntchito ya impso, akapezeka ndi matenda msanga komanso molondola komanso atalandira chithandizo chamankhwala, anthu ambiri amakhala ndi moyo wabwino komanso wautali. Ndikofunikira kuti musachite mantha; kutsatira mosamala dongosolo lanu lachipatala ndiyo njira yabwino kwambiri yokhalira ndi thanzi labwino.

Kodi C3G ingapewedwe?

Mwatsoka, palibe njira yodziwika yopewera C3G chifukwa nthawi zambiri imayendetsedwa ndi zinthu zomwe sitingathe kuzilamulira.

Kodi ndingadzisamalire bwanji?

Ngati mwapezeka ndi matenda a C3G, gulu lathu ku Nirogi Lanka lidzagwirizana nanu kuti apange dongosolo lonse la chisamaliro, kuphatikizapo mankhwala, chithandizo chothandizira, komanso kusintha moyo wanu. Kutsatira dongosololi ndikofunikira kwambiri pa thanzi lanu.

• Imwani mankhwala anu monga momwe dokotala wanu wanenera. Musadumphe mlingo umodzi.
• Sinthani zakudya zanu. Yang'anani kwambiri pa kuchepetsa mchere, mafuta osapatsa thanzi, ndi shuga pamene mukuwonjezera kudya ndiwo zamasamba ndi zipatso zatsopano.
• Pewani kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala oletsa kutupa otchedwa `Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)` (monga ibuprofen kapena diclofenac) popanda upangiri wa dokotala. Izi zitha kuvulaza impso zanu kwambiri ndipo zitha kufulumizitsa kulephera kwa impso.
• Ikani patsogolo thanzi lanu la maganizo. Kulimbana ndi matenda osowa kwambiri kungayambitse kudzimva kuti ndinu nokha komanso nkhawa. Popeza C3G ili ndi chiopsezo cholephera kugwira ntchito kwa impso, ingayambitsenso chiopsezo cha 'kuvutika maganizo'. Chonde lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za thanzi lanu la maganizo; angakutumizireni ku uphungu kapena mautumiki ena othandizira ngati pakufunika kutero. Funsani wothandizira zaumoyo wanu za magulu othandizira a C3G. Kulumikizana ndi ena omwe akugawana zomwe mwakumana nazo kungathandize kuchepetsa kusungulumwa ndikupereka malo ogawana malingaliro anu.

Kodi muyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Ngati muwona zizindikiro zokhudzana ndi C3G—makamaka kusintha kwa mkodzo wanu (monga magazi, thovu losalekeza, kapena kuchepa kwa kutulutsa magazi), kutupa m'thupi lanu, kapena kutopa kwambiri— pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo. Izi zitha kukhala zizindikiro zachipatala zosonyeza kuti impso zanu sizikugwira ntchito bwino.

Ngati mwapezeka ndi C3G, dokotala wanu adzakutumizani kwa `Nephrologist`, katswiri wodziwa bwino za matenda a impso ndi chithandizo. Adzagwira nanu ntchito kuti apange dongosolo lothandiza kwambiri komanso loyenera la chisamaliro.

Ndi mafunso ati omwe muyenera kufunsa dokotala wanu?

Pa nthawi yokumana ndi dokotala, musazengereze kufunsa mafunso otsatirawa:

• Kodi matenda anga a C3G adatsimikizika bwanji?
• Ngati si C3G, ndi matenda ena ati omwe angayambitse zizindikiro zanga?
• Ndi mtundu uti wa C3G womwe ndili nawo (DDD kapena C3GN)?
• Kodi mumalimbikitsa njira iti yothandizira, ndipo zotsatira zake zingakhale zotani?
• Ndi kusintha kotani kwa zakudya komwe ndiyenera kusintha?
• Kodi pali chiopsezo cha kulephera kwa impso? Kodi ndi njira ziti zomwe tingachite kuti tipewe kapena kuchepetsa vutoli?
• Kodi munganditumize kwa `Nephrologist`?

Maganizo omaliza...

C3G ndi vuto losowa komanso lovuta lomwe limakhudza tinthu ting'onoting'ono tosefera impso zanu. Ngati muli ndi C3G, mutha kukhala ndi zizindikiro monga kusintha kwa mkodzo, kutupa thupi, kupweteka kwa mafupa, mavuto a masomphenya, komanso kutopa.

Kufufuza matenda ndikusintha momwe C3G imakhudzira moyo wanu kungabweretse malingaliro osiyanasiyana. Dziwani kuti simuli nokha. Dzipatseni nthawi ndi malo oti muphunzire za C3G ndi njira zomwe mungatsatire kuti mupeze chithandizo. Kumvetsetsa njira yanu yopitira patsogolo kungakuthandizeni kuthana ndi malingaliro anu m'njira yathanzi komanso yopindulitsa. Madokotala ali pano kuti akupatseni chidziwitso ndi chitsogozo. Ngati muli ndi mafunso kapena mukufuna thandizo, lankhulani nawo momasuka. Kumbukirani, mukazindikira matendawa msanga komanso moyenera, mutha kuwongolera vutoli ndikupitiliza kukhala ndi moyo wokhutiritsa.

Mawu Ofunika: C3G, Matenda a Impso, Chowonjezera 3, Glomerulopathy, Kulephera kwa Impso, Mapuloteni a mkodzo, Dialysis