Inu kapena munthu amene mumamudziwa akapezeka ndi khansa ya m'matumbo, mawu oyamba omwe mungamve kuchokera kwa dokotala wanu ndi 'chemotherapy' ( chemotherapy ). Kwa ambiri, kungomva dzinali kumatha kumveka koopsa kapena koopsa. Koma kodi kwenikweni ndi chiyani? Kodi limagwira ntchito bwanji? Kodi ndi loopsadi monga momwe limamvekera? Tiyeni tisiye kusatsimikizika ndikukhala ndi kukambirana kosavuta, kotseguka, komanso komvera chisoni za zomwe muyenera kudziwa.
Kodi Chemotherapy Ndi Chiyani Kwenikweni?
Mwachidule, chemotherapy imatanthauza mankhwala amphamvu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwononga maselo a khansa . Taganizirani izi ngati kuyambitsa chitetezo cholunjika motsutsana ndi mdani mkati mwa thupi lanu. Mankhwalawa amatha kuperekedwa m'njira zingapo; nthawi zina amaperekedwa kudzera m'mitsempha (kudzera mu mitsempha, monga kulowetsedwa m'mitsempha), ndipo nthawi zina amatengedwa ngati mapiritsi omwa. Dokotala wanu adzasankha mankhwala enieni, mlingo, ndi nthawi yoyenera wodwala wanu.
Madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a chemotherapy pa zolinga zosiyanasiyana. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe zili choncho.
Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy (Opaleshoni Isanachitike)
Ngati chotupa chili chachikulu, kuchichotsa opaleshoni kungakhale kovuta. Pazochitika izi, chemotherapy imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchepetsa chotupacho musanachite opaleshoni . Chotupacho chikachepa, dokotala wanu amatha kuchichotsa bwino komanso popanda zovuta zambiri. Nthawi zina izi zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi chithandizo cha radiation ( radiation ) kuti dongosolo lonse la chithandizo likhale lopambana.
Chithandizo cha Chemotherapy Chothandizira (Pambuyo pa Opaleshoni)
Ngakhale chotupa chikachotsedwa opaleshoni, pali mwayi woti maselo ang'onoang'ono a khansa omwe sangawonekere ndi maso. Chithandizo cha adjuvant chemotherapy chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwononga maselo otsala , ngati kuyeretsa komaliza kuti chilichonse chomwe chingatheke chichotsedwe. Izi zimathandiza kwambiri poletsa khansa kuti isabwererenso.
Palliative Chemotherapy (Yoyang'anira Zizindikiro)
Ngati khansa yafalikira kwambiri ku ziwalo zina monga chiwindi, opaleshoni yokha singakhale yokwanira kuchiza matendawa. Pazochitika izi, chemotherapy imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchepetsa zotupa, kuthana ndi zizindikiro monga ululu, ndikukweza moyo wanu wonse , kukuthandizani kukhala omasuka kwa nthawi yayitali momwe mungathere.
Kuti mumvetse bwino njira yoyenera yothandizira, chinthu chabwino kwambiri chomwe mungachite ndikulankhulana momasuka komanso moona mtima ndi dokotala wanu.
Mankhwala Odziwika a Khansa ya M'matumbo
Pali mitundu ingapo ya mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza khansa ya m'matumbo. Nayi mitundu ina yodziwika bwino komanso momwe amaperekedwera nthawi zambiri.
| Dzina la Mankhwala | Utsogoleri ndi Chidule |
|---|---|
| 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) | Mankhwala oyambira omwe akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zaka zambiri. Amaperekedwa kudzera m'mitsempha ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala othandiza kwambiri akaphatikizidwa ndi vitamini wotchedwa leucovorin . |
| Capecitabine (Xeloda) | Ikatengedwa ngati piritsi. Ikalowa m'thupi lanu, imasanduka 5-FU. Nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa khansa ya m'matumbo isanayambe kapena itatha opaleshoni. |
| Irinotecan (Camptosar) ndi Oxaliplatin (Eloxatin) | Kawirikawiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pambuyo pa opaleshoni kapena pazochitika zapamwamba, nthawi zambiri amaphatikizidwa ndi 5-FU kapena Xeloda. |
| Trifluridine ndi tipiracil (Lonsurf) | Kuphatikiza mankhwala awiri omwe amatengedwa ngati mapiritsi. |
Mankhwalawa nthawi zambiri amaperekedwa m'njira zosiyanasiyana . Izi zikutanthauza kuti mudzalandira mankhwala kwa masiku angapo kapena milungu ingapo, kenako mudzapumula kwa sabata imodzi kapena ziwiri kuti thupi lanu libwererenso. Izi nthawi zambiri zimatenga miyezi pafupifupi 6.
Mankhwala Okhazikika ndi Olunjika
Mankhwala a chemotherapy akamwedwa pakamwa kapena kudzera m'mitsempha, amalowa m'magazi mwanu ndipo amayenda m'thupi lonse kuti akapeze maselo a khansa. Izi zimadziwika kuti systemic chemotherapy .
Komabe, njira zina zochiritsira zimatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'madera enaake. Mwachitsanzo, ngati khansa yafalikira ku chiwindi, njira yotchedwa chemoembolization of the hepatic artery ingagwiritsidwe ntchito. Izi zimaphatikizapo kutseka magazi kwa kanthawi kapena kosatha kupita ku chiwindi ndi kubaya mankhwala a chemotherapy mwachindunji m'deralo, kuchepetsa mphamvu ya mankhwalawa pa thupi lonse.
Chithandizo Cholunjika: Njira Yolondola
Mankhwala ochiritsira omwe amaperekedwa ndi amakono, apadera omwe amasiyana ndi mankhwala achikhalidwe. M'malo molimbana ndi maselo onse omwe amagawikana mofulumira, mankhwalawa amalimbana makamaka ndi majini kapena mapuloteni apadera omwe ali m'maselo a khansa. Kwenikweni akupeza 'malo ofooka' mu khansa ndikuwukira okha, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimapangitsa kuti maselo athanzi asawonongeke kwambiri.
Izi nthawi zina zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamodzi ndi mankhwala a chemotherapy kapena pamene njira zachikhalidwe sizikugwiranso ntchito. Zitsanzo zikuphatikizapo `Bevacizumab (Avastin)`, `Cetuximab (Erbitux)`, ndi `Panitumumab (Vectibix)`.
Zotsatirapo Zake: Zimene Muyenera Kudziwa
Popeza chemotherapy imayang'ana kwambiri maselo omwe amagawanitsa mofulumira, imathanso kukhudza maselo athanzi m'thupi lanu omwe amagawanitsa mwachangu, monga omwe ali mkamwa mwanu, m'mabowo a tsitsi, ndi m'mafupa. Zotsatirapo zake zimachitika pamene maselo athanzi awa akhudzidwa kwakanthawi.
| Malo Okhudzidwa | Zotsatirapo Zotheka |
|---|---|
| Njira Yogaya Chakudya (Pakamwa, M'matumbo) | Kusanza ndi kusanza, kusowa chilakolako cha chakudya, zilonda pakamwa (mucositis), kutsegula m'mimba |
| Ma Follicle a Tsitsi | Kutaya tsitsi |
| Khungu | Ziphuphu, kufiira, kapena kupweteka m'manja ndi m'mapazi (Hand-foot syndrome) |
| Mafuta a Bone |
|
Kumbukirani, zotsatirapo zake zimasiyana malinga ndi mankhwala omwe agwiritsidwa ntchito komanso thanzi la munthu. Mwachitsanzo, 'Oxaliplatin' nthawi zina ingayambitse kusokonezeka kwa mitsempha.
Chofunika kwambiri ndi kudziwitsa dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo ngati muwona zotsatirapo zilizonse. Nthawi zambiri, pali mankhwala ndi njira zothanirana ndi kapena kuchepetsa zizindikirozi. Simuli nokha mu izi—lankhulani ndi gulu lanu lazaumoyo.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Chemotherapy ndi mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochotsa maselo a khansa . Kutengera ndi momwe zinthu zilili, ingagwiritsidwe ntchito musanachite opaleshoni kapena mutachita opaleshoni, kapena kuthana ndi zizindikiro.
- Dokotala wanu adzasintha mankhwala, mlingo, ndi nthawi yake malinga ndi zomwe mukufuna.
- Zotsatirapo zake zimatha kuchitika, koma zambiri zimatha kuthetsedwa. Musazengereze kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu za kusintha kulikonse komwe mumakumana nako.
- Ngati muli ndi mantha kapena mafunso, kambiranani ndi dokotala wanu wa khansa. Simuli nokha paulendowu.
Khansa ya m'matumbo, chemotherapy, chithandizo cha khansa, zotsatira zoyipa za chemotherapy, 5-FU
