Kodi mayeso anu a magazi asonyeza kuti cholesterol yanu ndi yokwera pang'ono? Kapena mukudera nkhawa pang'ono chifukwa winawake m'banja mwanu ali ndi cholesterol? Ambiri aife timachita mantha tikamva mawu oti 'cholesterol'. Koma ngati timvetsetsa bwino ndikusamalira bwino, ndi chinthu chomwe chingawongoleredwe. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kudziwa izi chifukwa zimawonjezera chiopsezo cha matenda akulu monga matenda a mtima ndi sitiroko. Lero, tiyeni tikambirane za momwe tingawongolere cholesterol iyi.
Kodi mumasankha bwanji njira yochiritsira yomwe ikuyenererani?
Cholesterol si yofanana kwa aliyense, kotero chithandizo sichifanana kwa aliyense. Dokotala wanu adzapanga dongosolo la chithandizo lomwe likugwirizana ndi inu kutengera zinthu zambiri, kuphatikizapo:
- Kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'magazi anu: Kodi cholesterol yanu ili bwanji.
- Zaka ndi mbiri ya banja: Zaka zanu, kaya wina aliyense m'banja mwanu ali ndi cholesterol yambiri kapena matenda a mtima.
- Matenda ena omwe alipo panopa: Kodi muli ndi matenda monga matenda a shuga, kuthamanga kwa magazi, kapena ndinu onenepa kwambiri?
- Zimene mumakonda: Anthu ena amakonda kulamulira zakudya zawo, pomwe ena amakonda kumwa mapiritsi tsiku lililonse. Zimene mumakonda nazonso ndizofunikira apa.
- Chiwopsezo cha matenda a mtima: Chiwopsezo chanu chotenga matenda a mtima, matenda a mtima, kapena sitiroko m'zaka 10 zikubwerazi.
- Matenda a mtima omwe analipo kale: Ngati muli kale ndi matenda a mtima kapena munadwalapo matenda a mtima kapena sitiroko.
Mwachidule, kuchiza cholesterol kuli ngati kusoka suti. Iyenera kukonzedwa kuti igwirizane ndi muyeso wa aliyense.
Kodi tiphunzire za mitundu iyi ya cholesterol ndi kuchuluka kwabwinobwino?
Dokotala wanu adzakufunsani kuti muyesedwe magazi otchedwa "lipid profile." Iyi ndi mayeso omwe amatha kuyeza molondola mitundu ya cholesterol m'magazi anu ndi kuchuluka kwake. Mayesowa amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kuti awone momwe chithandizo chanu chilili chothandiza.
Umu ndi momwe kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'thupi la munthu wathanzi kuyenera kukhalira:
| Mtundu wa kolesterolo | Mulingo wathanzi (mu mg/dL) |
|---|---|
| Cholesterol Yonse | Ngati muli ndi zaka zosakwana 19, muyenera kukhala ndi zaka zosakwana 170. Kwa munthu wamkulu, ziyenera kukhala pakati pa 125-200. |
| Cholesterol yoipa (LDL) | Ngati muli ndi zaka zosakwana 19, ziyenera kukhala zosakwana 110. Kwa munthu wamkulu, sayenera kupitirira 100. |
| Cholesterol yabwino (HDL) | Amuna ayenera kukhala ndi zaka zoposa 40. Akazi ayenera kukhala ndi zaka zoposa 50. |
| Triglycerides | Akuluakulu onse ayenera kukhala osachepera 150. |
Koma kumbukirani, ngati muli ndi matenda ena, dokotala wanu angakupatseni mankhwala ochepa. Mwachitsanzo:
- Ngati mulibe matenda a mtima ndipo muli pachiwopsezo chochepa, cholinga chanu cha LDL chingakhale chochepera 100 mg/dL .
- Ngati muli ndi matenda a mtima kapena matenda a shuga, mungauzidwe kuti cholinga chanu cha LDL chiyenera kukhala chochepera 70 mg/dL .
Gawo loyamba: Sinthani moyo wanu
Nthawi zambiri, dokotala wanu samangokupatsani mankhwala okha. Chinthu choyamba chomwe angakuuzeni ndikusintha moyo wanu kuti mukhale ndi thanzi labwino. Ngati kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'thupi lanu kuli kochepa, muyenera kusintha izi. Ngati zinthuzi zikuthandizani kuchepetsa cholesterol yanu, simungafunike kumwa mankhwala konse.
Ngakhale mutamwa mankhwala, ndikofunikira kwambiri kupitiriza ndi zizolowezi zimenezi. Mukatero mudzatha kuchepetsa mlingo wa mankhwalawo.
Kodi kusintha kumeneku kwa moyo ndi kotani?
- Zakudya zabwino pamtima: Chepetsani zakudya zokhala ndi mafuta ambiri okhuta . Izi zikutanthauza kuchepetsa nyama yofiira (ng'ombe, nkhumba), mkaka wokhala ndi mafuta ambiri, ndi zakudya zokhala ndi mafuta ambiri. M'malo mwake, idyani zakudya zokhala ndi mafuta ambiri omega-3 acid ndi ulusi wosungunuka. Phatikizani nsomba, oats, zipatso, ndiwo zamasamba, ndi mtedza muzakudya zanu. Pewani zakudya zophikidwa m'matumba ndi zophikidwa zomwe zili ndi shuga wambiri ndi mafuta osinthika .
- Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi: Osachepera masiku 5 pa sabata, kamodzi patsikuChitani masewera olimbitsa thupi monga kuyenda mwachangu, kuthamanga, kapena kusambira kwa mphindi zosachepera 30.
- Pewani kusuta: Siyani kusuta fodya ndi kusuta fodya. Si bwinonso kukhala pafupi ndi munthu wina amene akusuta fodya (utsi wa munthu wina).
- Chepetsani mowa: Chepetsani kumwa chakumwa chimodzi patsiku kwa akazi ndi chakumwa ziwiri patsiku kwa amuna.
- Kuchepetsa thupi: Ngati muli onenepa kwambiri, yesani kuchepetsa thupi. Ngakhale kutaya 10% yokha ya kulemera kwanu konse kungayambitse vuto lalikulu pa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'thupi lanu.
Kodi mankhwala amafunika pazochitika ziti?
Ngati mwasintha moyo wanu koma kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'thupi lanu sikukuchepetsedwa, dokotala wanu angakulembereni mankhwala. Mankhwala amatha kuyamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati awa:
- Ngati mulingo wanu wa cholesterol wa LDL uli 190 mg/dL kapena kupitirira apo.
- Ngati muli ndi zaka zapakati pa 45-70, muli ndi matenda a shuga, ndipo muli ndi LDL yokwana 70 mg/dL kapena kupitirira apo.
- Ngati muli pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha matenda a mtima ndipo muli ndi LDL yokwana 70 mg/dL kapena kupitirira apo.
- Ngati mwakhalapo kale ndi matenda a mtima, sitiroko, kapena matenda a mitsempha yamagazi.
Pali mitundu ingapo ya mankhwala omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuchepetsa cholesterol.
| Mtundu wa mankhwala | Momwe imagwirira ntchito ndi zitsanzo |
|---|---|
| Mankhwala a Statin | Mankhwala awa ndi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Amachepetsa kupanga kwa cholesterol m'chiwindi. Mwachitsanzo: Atorvastatin, Rosuvastatin, Simvastatin. |
| Ezetimibe | Amachepetsa kuyamwa kwa cholesterol kuchokera muzakudya zomwe timadya. Nthawi zambiri amaperekedwa pamodzi ndi ma statins. |
| Mankhwala Omangira Bile Acid | Imalumikizana ndi ma asidi a bile m'mimba ndipo imalola chiwindi kugwiritsa ntchito cholesterol yochulukirapo. |
| Ma Fibrate | Zimathandiza makamaka kuchepetsa triglycerides ndikuwonjezera cholesterol yabwino (HDL). |
| Niacin | Ichi ndi vitamini. Koma musamwe popanda malangizo a dokotala. |
| Mankhwala amakono | Palinso mankhwala atsopano monga zoletsa za PSCK9, zoletsa za ACL, ndi chithandizo cha siRNA (monga Inclisiran). Mankhwalawa nthawi zambiri amaperekedwa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda obadwa nawo a cholesterol (monga HeFH) kapena omwe amavutika kuwaletsa ndi mankhwala ena. |
Zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti muwone zotsatira?
Mukayamba kusintha moyo wanu, dokotala wanu adzakuyezani nthawi zonse. Pakatha milungu pafupifupi 12 , adzayezetsanso cholesterol yanu ndikusankha ngati mukufuna kusintha zina pa zakudya zanu kapena dongosolo lanu lochita masewera olimbitsa thupi.
Ngati kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'thupi lanu sikutsika pambuyo pake, mungalangizidwe kuyamba kumwa mankhwala. Mukayamba kumwa mankhwala, magazi anu adzayesedwanso pakatha milungu 4-8 kuti muwone ngati mankhwalawo akugwira ntchito. Pambuyo pake, nthawi zambiri ndi bwino kuti muyezedwe kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'thupi lanu kamodzi pachaka.
Chofunika kwambiri ndikulankhulana ndi dokotala wanu nthawi zonse. Funsani mafunso ngati muli ndi mafunso, ndipo kambiranani za nkhawa zilizonse zomwe muli nazo zokhudza chithandizo chanu.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Cholesterol yokwera si chinthu choopa, ndi chinthu chomwe chingayang'aniridwe bwino.
- Gawo loyamba komanso lofunika kwambiri ndikukhala ndi moyo wathanzi. Izi zikutanthauza kudya bwino, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, komanso kupewa zizolowezi zoipa.
- Mankhwala amaperekedwa osati kokha kutengera kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'thupi lanu, komanso thanzi lanu lonse komanso chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima.
- Musayambe kapena kusiya kumwa mankhwala a cholesterol popanda kufunsa dokotala kapena chifukwa choti winawake wakuuzani kuti muchite zimenezo.
- Mungathe kukhala ndi thanzi labwino mwa kukhala nthawi zonse ndi dokotala wanu komanso kupita kukayezetsa nthawi zonse.
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