Kodi tikambirane za khansa ya 'clear cell' iyi yomwe imayamba mu impso (Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma - ccRCC) lero?

Impso ndi chimodzi mwa ziwalo zofunika kwambiri m'thupi lathu. Ziwalo ziwiri zazing'ono izi zomwe zimasefa magazi athu tsiku lililonse ndikutulutsa zinthu zosafunikira monga mkodzo zili ngati zosefera ziwiri m'thupi lathu. Komabe, impso izi zimathanso kudwala matenda osiyanasiyana. Lero tikambirana za mtundu wa khansa ya impso yomwe ndi yoopsa pang'ono, koma ndikofunikira kwambiri kuidziwa. Iyi ndi `(Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma)`, mwachidule `(ccRCC)`.

Kodi 'clear cell renal cell carcinoma' (ccRCC) ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, `(Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma - ccRCC)` iyi ndi mtundu wa khansa ya impso. Tikamalankhula za khansa ya impso, nthawi zambiri timati `(Renal Cell Carcinoma - RCC)`. `(ccRCC)` iyi ndi imodzi mwa mitundu yake.

Kodi mukudziwa kuti impso zathu zili ndi ngalande zazing'ono mkati mwake, ngati fyuluta? Izi ndi zomwe zimasefa zinyalala m'magazi ndikuzitulutsa ngati mkodzo. Khansa iyi imayamba m'maselo omwe ali pa ngalandezo. Maselo awa a `(ccRCC)` amagawikana ndikuchulukana mwachangu kwambiri, ndikupanga chotupa chimodzi kapena zingapo. Nthawi zambiri, zimakhudza impso imodzi, koma nthawi zina zimatha kukhudza impso zonse ziwiri.

Kodi zizindikiro za matendawa ndi ziti?

Nthawi zambiri, kumayambiriro kwa matendawa, palibe zizindikiro zazikulu. Ndicho chomwe chimawopsa pang'ono. Chifukwa mwina simungadziwe kuti muli ndi matendawa. Koma matendawa akamakula, mungakumane ndi zinthu monga:

• Magazi mu mkodzo. Nthawi zina mkodzo ungakhale wofiira, pinki, kapena bulauni. Madokotala amatcha izi kuti "hematuria".
• Kutopa ndi kumva kutopa kwambiri, mosasamala kanthu kuti mumagona tulo totani. Mungamve kutopa tsiku lonse.
• Malungo omwe amabwera popanda chifukwa. Ngati muli ndi malungo opanda matenda ena aliwonse, ndi chinthu choti musamale nacho.
• Zikumveka ngati chotupa chomwe chingamveke mu impso yomwe yakhudzidwa .
• Kupweteka kwa m'mbali mwa impso ndi kupweteka kwa impso . Kupweteka kumeneku kumatha kukhala kosalekeza kapena kumabwera ndi kutha.
• Kuchepetsa thupi mosadziwika bwino. Ngati mukungochepetsa thupi popanda kudya kapena kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, imeneyo ndi nkhani yofunika kuiganizira.

N’chifukwa chiyani `(ccRCC)` imeneyi imachitika? Kodi zimayambitsa chiyani?

Kunena zoona, chomwe chimayambitsa khansa ya impso zambiri, kuphatikizapo `(ccRCC)` iyi, sichikudziwika . Komabe, pali zinthu zina zomwe zapezeka zomwe zimawonjezera chiopsezo chotenga matendawa. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe zili?

• Kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu za fodya : Izi sizikuphatikizapo kusuta fodya kokha komanso kusuta fodya. Mankhwala owopsa omwe ali mu fodya amatha kuwononga impso.
• Kunenepa kwambiri (BMI) kwa anthu opitirira zaka 25 : Mwachidule, kukhala wonenepa kwambiri/wonenepa kwambiri. Kunenepa kwambiri kungayambitse kusintha kwa mahomoni ndi mavuto ena omwe angawonjezere chiopsezo cha khansa.
• Kuthamanga kwa magazi (kuthamanga kwa magazi): Apa ndi pamene kuthamanga kwa magazi kumawonjezeka. Chiwopsezochi chingachitike chifukwa kuthamanga kwa magazi kumawononga impso.
• Kuyenera kuchitidwa dialysis chifukwa cha matenda a impso omwe akhalapo kwa nthawi yayitali : Anthu omwe akuchita dialysis ali pachiwopsezo chotenga khansa ya impso.
• Kukumana ndi mankhwala enaake oopsa kuntchito : Mwachitsanzo, anthu omwe ali ndi zinthu zosungunulira monga trichloroethylene, asbestos, ndi cadmium nawonso ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu.
• Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochepetsa ululu kwa nthawi yayitali : Mankhwala ena ochepetsa ululu, monga acetaminophen (Tylenol®), si abwino kwa inu ngati muwamwa mosalekeza kapena mopitirira muyeso.

Ndani angapange `(ccRCC)` iyi kwambiri?

Ndipotu, aliyense akhoza kukhala ndi vutoli, lotchedwa ``(ccRCC)``. Komabe, zapezeka kuti amuna ali ndi mwayi wowirikiza kawiri wodwala matendawa kuposa akazi . Komanso, matendawa amapezeka kwambiri pakati pa anthu azaka zapakati pa 50 ndi 70.

Malinga ndi bungwe la American Cancer Society, anthu opitilira 81,000 ku United States amapezeka ndi khansa ya impso chaka chilichonse. Mwa awa, khansa ya impso yofala kwambiri imatchedwa ccRCC .

Kodi matendawa amatchedwa `(ccRCC)` cholowa?

Ngati muli ndi wachibale wanu wa m'magazi yemwe ali ndi khansa ya impso, mungakhale pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga khansa ya impso. Komabe, madokotala sakudziwabe chifukwa chake.

Anthu ena ali ndi matenda a majini omwe amawapangitsa kukhala ndi mwayi waukulu wopeza ccRCC. Chitsanzo ndi matenda a Von Hippel-Landau (VHL).

Pazochitikazi, kusintha kwa majini komwe kumadutsa m'mibadwo kumayambitsa ma cysts ndi zotupa kupangika m'mbali zosiyanasiyana za thupi. Zotupa izi nthawi zambiri si khansa. Komabe, anthu m'mabanja awa amatha kudwala ccRCC pafupipafupi, ndipo imathanso kukulira ali aang'ono kuposa masiku onse.

Ngati mwapezeka ndi ccRCC muli aang'ono, kapena ngati muli ndi zotupa zambiri, dokotala wanu angakulangizeni kuti muyesedwe majini .

Kodi matenda a `(ccRCC)` awa amapezeka bwanji?

Monga tanenera kale, khansa ya impso nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi zizindikiro zochepa kwambiri kumayambiriro kwake. Ichi ndichifukwa chake madokotala nthawi zambiri amapeza zotupa za impso akamafufuza matenda ena. Mwachitsanzo, chotupa cha impso chingadziwike mwangozi panthawi ya MRI kapena CT scan kuti aone miyala ya impso.

Mayeso ojambulira zithunzi ngati awa amatha kuzindikira kupezeka kwa chotupa. Komabe, n'zovuta kudziwa motsimikiza ngati chotupacho chili chabwino kapena choipa kuchokera pa scan yokha.

Kuti adziwe matenda molondola , dokotala ayeneraKuyezetsa impso kungachitike, kapena opaleshoni ingalimbikitsidwe kuti chotupacho chichotsedwe.

Ngati chotupacho chachotsedwa kudzera mu opaleshoni, minofu ya chotupacho imatengedwa ndikuyesedwa ngati ndi khansa. Zotsatira zake zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kudziwa ngati ndi khansa komanso ngati ndi mtundu wotchedwa ``ccRCC''.

Chodabwitsa n'chakuti, zotupa zazing'ono zinayi zokha mwa 10 za impso, zosakwana masentimita 4 kukula, ndi zomwe zingakhale zotupa zopanda vuto, monga renal oncocytomas.

Kodi magawo a khansa ya (ccRCC) ndi ati?

Dokotala akapezeka ndi `(ccRCC)`, amafufuza ``kuchuluka kwa khansa`` . Izi zikutanthauza kuti, amafufuza kukula kwa chotupacho komanso ngati chafalikira mbali zina za thupi.

Pali mitundu inayi ikuluikulu ya Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma.

• Mwayi ukachepa, khansa imachepa kwambiri.

Dokotala adzakuuzani zinthu izi:

• Kodi khansa yanu ili pamlingo wotani?
• Kodi chiopsezo chake n'chiyani ngati chikufalikira ku ziwalo zina za thupi?
• Kodi njira zotsatirazi ndi ziti zomwe muyenera kuchita ?

Kodi mankhwala a `(ccRCC)` ndi ati?

Nthawi zambiri, njira zochiritsira zimadalira ngati khansa yafalikira kupitirira impso. Chabwino, tiyeni tiwone.

Ngati khansa sinafalikire kupitirira impso:

Pankhaniyi, chithandizo chingachitike motere:

• Opaleshoni - Kuchotsa Nephrectomy : Dokotala wochita opaleshoni amachotsa gawo la impso lomwe lili ndi khansa. Izi zimatchedwa kuchotsedwa kwa nephrectomy pang'ono. Kapenanso, impso yonse ingachotsedwe. Izi zimatchedwa kuchotsedwa kwa nephrectomy mwachangu.
• Mankhwala oletsa kutupa : Mankhwalawa amagwiritsa ntchito njira yodutsa pakhungu kuti awononge maselo a khansa poika singano pakhungu. Pali njira zosiyanasiyana zochitira izi. Mwachitsanzo, maselo a khansa amatha kuwonongedwa pogwiritsa ntchito kuzizira kwambiri (cryoablation) kapena kutentha kwambiri (thermal ablation).

Ngati khansa yafalikira, kapena pali chiopsezo chachikulu chofalikira:

Muzochitika zotere, njira zochiritsira ndi izi:

• Chithandizo cha Immunotherapy : Izi zimaphatikizapo kulimbikitsa chitetezo cha mthupi lanu kuti chiwononge maselo a khansa. Mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa izi ndi pembrolizumab (Keytruda®) kapena nivolumab (Opdivo®).
• Chithandizo cholunjika : Chithandizochi chimagwira ntchito poletsa kukula ndi kuchulukana kwa maselo a khansa. Mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa izi ndi axitinib (Inlyta®) ndi cabozantinib (Cabometyx®).

Kodi `(ccRCC)` ndi khansa yoopsa komanso yofalikira mofulumira?

Monga mitundu ina yonse ya `(carcinoma), `(Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma)` iyi imatha kufalikira (metastasize) ku ziwalo zina za thupi. Kuchiza khansa yomwe yafalikira motere (khansa yofalikira) n'kovuta pang'ono.

Poyerekeza ndi mitundu ina ya khansa ya impso, ``(ccRCC)`` nthawi zambiri imakhala yoopsa kwambiri ndipo imafalikira mofulumira .

Renal Cell Carcinoma nthawi zambiri imafalikira m'malo otsatirawa:

• Ma lymph nodes
• Mapapu
• Ma adrenal glands (omwe ali pamwamba pa impso)
• Chiwindi
• Ubongo
• Mafupa

Kodi khansa ya (ccRCC) imakula mofulumira bwanji?

Kukula kwa Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma kumatha kusiyana kwambiri. Malinga ndi kafukufuku wina, amatha kukula kuyambira masentimita 0.2 mpaka 6.5 (mainchesi 0.07 mpaka 2.5) pachaka. Kukula kwapakati kumakhala pafupifupi masentimita 2.13 (mainchesi 0.83) pachaka.

Kodi chiŵerengero cha kupulumuka kwa `(ccRCC)` ndi chiani?

Kawirikawiri, chiŵerengero cha kupulumuka kwa zaka zisanu (ccRCC) chili pakati pa 50% ndi 69% .

Komabe, mwayi wochira umadalira kukula kwa chotupa chanu. Kawirikawiri, chithandizo sichigwira ntchito bwino pa zotupa zazikulu kapena ngati `(ccRCC)` yafalikira ku ziwalo zina za thupi. Pazochitika zotere, ngati pali chotupa chachikulu kapena ngati khansa yafalikira, kuchuluka kwa moyo wa zaka zisanu kungakhale pafupifupi 10%. Ndicho chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuzindikira msanga ndikuyamba chithandizo msanga.

Kodi ndiyenera kudzisamalira bwanji?

Ndi zachilendo kumva malingaliro osiyanasiyana mukazindikira kuti muli ndi Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. Mungamve zinthu zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo mantha, mkwiyo, chisoni, nkhawa, ndi kuvutika maganizo.

Anthu ambiri amapeza mpumulo mwa kuphunzira zambiri momwe angathere zokhudza (ccRCC) ndikupempha thandizo kwa okondedwa awo. Ndibwinonso kulowa nawo magulu othandizira (ccRCC) omwe angamvetse bwino zomwe mukukumana nazo.

Ndikofunikanso kudalira gulu lanu lachipatala. Afunseni mafunso aliwonse omwe muli nawo okhudza njira zochiritsira komanso njira yochiritsira.

Nazi njira zina zomwe mungadzisamalire nokha:

• Imwani mankhwala onse omwe dokotala wakupatsani monga momwe mwalangizidwira .
• Pewani kuonda mwa kudya zakudya zokhala ndi mapuloteni ambiri ndi ma calories.
• Gonani bwino momwe mungathere.
• Kuyesa kuthetsa kupsinjika maganizo pogwiritsa ntchito zinthu monga kupuma mozama, kusinkhasinkha, yoga, luso lothandiza, kapena kuchita zinthu zotonthoza monga ma puzzle.
• Monga momwe thupi lanu lilili ndi mphamvu.Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi.

Kodi ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Ngati mukukumana ndi zizindikiro izi, pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo:

• Ngati pali magazi mu mkodzo.
• Ngati muli ndi chotupa kapena kupweteka m'dzanja lanu sikutha .
• Ngati muli ndi malungo osadziwika bwino kapena kuchepa thupi .

Ngati mukulandira kale chithandizo cha (ccRCC), lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo ngati mukuyamba zizindikiro zatsopano kapena ngati zizindikiro zanu zikuipiraipira . Angakuuzeni momwe mungathanirane ndi zizindikiro zanu, kusintha mlingo wa mankhwala anu, kapena kulangizani chithandizo chatsopano. Gawo lofunika kwambiri la chithandizo chanu ndikukhalabe wathanzi momwe mungathere.

Ndi mafunso ati omwe ndiyenera kufunsa dokotala?

Ndi bwino kufunsa dokotala mafunso monga awa:

• "Ndi chithandizo chiti chabwino kwambiri kwa ine?"
• "Kodi zotsatirapo zake za chithandizo chomwe mukulangiza ndi ziti?"
• "Kodi ndili pachiwopsezo cha khansa yofalikira?"
• "Ndingachepetse bwanji chiopsezo chofalitsa `(ccRCC)` iyi?"
• "Kodi pali aliyense m'banja langa la magazi amene ali pachiopsezo chotenga `(ccRCC)`?"
• "Kodi pali zizindikiro zilizonse za mavuto zomwe ndiyenera kuzidziwa bwino?"

Mafunso awa ndi oti akuthandizeni. Musazengereze kufunsa dokotala wanu chilichonse chomwe muli nacho m'maganizo mwanu, ngakhale chitakhala chaching'ono bwanji. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti mumvetse bwino chilichonse.

Kodi kusiyana pakati pa khansa ya impso ya 'clear cell' ndi khansa ya 'papillary' ndi kotani?

Izi ndi ``Clear Cell Renal Carcinoma'' ndi ``Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma''. Zizindikiro za zonsezi ndi zofanana kwambiri. Mankhwala ake ndi ofanana kwambiri.

Kusiyana kwakukulu kuli m'mene maselo a khansa awa amaonekera akamaonedwa pogwiritsa ntchito maikulosikopu.

• Maselo a khansa ya papillary amawoneka ngati zotupa zazitali, zoonda, zofanana ndi zala.
• Maselo a khansa amaoneka ngati thovu loyera.

Pafupifupi munthu m'modzi mwa anthu 10 aliwonse omwe ali ndi khansa ya impso ali ndi mtundu wa papillary.

Pomaliza, zinthu zingapo zoti muzikumbukira (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

Ndikumvetsa momwe zimakhalira zovuta kudziwa kuti muli ndi khansa. Maganizo monga mantha, chisoni, mkwiyo, chisokonezo, ndi kusungulumwa angakugwereni nthawi imodzi. Mwina mumamva zonsezi nthawi imodzi. Kapena, mungamve kuti simukugwirizana ndi malingaliro anu pamene mukuyesera kuthana ndi matendawa. Dziwani kuti chilichonse chomwe mukumva, ndi chachibadwa.

Khansa ya impso ya Clear Cell Renal Cell (ccRCC) ndi khansa ya impso yofala kwambiri. Imatha kukula mofulumira komanso kukhala yamphamvu kwambiri kuposa khansa zina za impso.

Muli ndi mavuto ambiri, ndipo muyenera kulankhula ndi munthu wina za maganizo anu ndi momwe mukumvera.Musazengereze kupempha thandizo kwa madokotala anu ndipo dalirani thandizo lanu (banja, abwenzi).

Ulendo uwu ukhoza kukhala wovuta, koma yendani pang'onopang'ono, ndipo khalani okoma mtima kwa inu nokha. Kumbukirani kuti kuzindikira msanga ndi kulandira chithandizo msanga kungapangitse kusiyana kwakukulu. Simuli nokha.

Khansa ya impso , ccRCC, Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma, matenda a impso, zizindikiro za khansa, chithandizo cha khansa, thanzi la impso