Ndizachibadwa kumva mantha pang'ono komanso mantha dokotala wanu akakuuzani kuti muyenera kuchitidwa opaleshoni ya m'matumbo, colectomy. Tonsefe timachita mantha pang'ono tikamva mawu akuti "opaleshoni." Koma mukadziwa bwino lomwe kuti ndi chiyani, chifukwa chake chachitidwa, komanso momwe chimachitikira, mantha anu adzatha. Chifukwa chake lero, tiyeni tikambirane za izi mosavuta, mwanjira yomwe mungamvetse.
Kodi colectomy ndi chiyani?
Mwachidule, colectomy ndi opaleshoni yochotsa gawo la matumbo anu onse akuluakulu kapena matumbo anu akuluakulu. Matumbo akuluakulu ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri la dongosolo lathu logaya chakudya. Gawoli likawonongeka chifukwa cha matenda, limasiya kugwira ntchito bwino. Pamenepo madokotala amasankha kuchita opaleshoniyi.
Opaleshoni iyi nthawi zambiri imalimbikitsidwa pazifukwa zotsatirazi:
- Khansa ya m'matumbo: Chotsani gawo la m'matumbo lomwe lili ndi maselo a khansa.
- Diverticulitis: Iyi ndi matenda omwe matumba ang'onoang'ono amapangika pakhoma la matumbo akuluakulu, omwe amadwala ndi kutupa.
- Kutuluka magazi m'mimba: Ngati muli ndi kutuluka magazi kosalamulirika m'matumbo.
- Kutsekeka kwa matumbo akuluakulu: Ngati matumbo atsekeka kwathunthu pazifukwa zina.
- Matenda otupa kwambiri m'matumbo: Pamene matenda monga matenda a Crohn kapena ulcerative colitis afika poipa kwambiri.
Nthawi zina, ngati pali chiopsezo chachikulu chotenga khansa mtsogolo chifukwa cha matenda obadwa nawo a majini (monga Lynch syndrome), izi zitha kuchitidwanso ngati njira yopewera colectomy kuti muchepetse chiopsezo chimenecho.
Kodi pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya opaleshoni iyi?
Inde, opaleshoni iyi imagawidwa m'mitundu ingapo kutengera gawo la m'mimba lomwe lachotsedwa. Izi zimasankhidwa ndi dokotala yemwe amakuthandizani kutengera matenda anu.
| Mtundu wa opaleshoni | Mwachidule, chimachitika n’chiyani? |
|---|---|
| Kuchotsa Mimba Konse | M'mimba mwanu wonse mudzachotsedwa. |
| Kuchotsa Khansa ya m'mimba pang'ono | Gawo lokhalo la m'mimba lomwe lili ndi matenda ndi lomwe limachotsedwa. Palinso mitundu ina ya izi. |
| Kuchotsa Hemicolectomy | Mbali imodzi ya matumbo akulu, kaya kumanja kapena kumanzere, imachotsedwa. |
| Kuchotsa opaleshoni ya Proctocolectomy | Matumbo akulu ndi rectum onse amachotsedwa. |
| Kuchotsa Mimba kwa Sigmoid Colectomy | Gawo lomaliza la matumbo akuluakulu, sigmoid colon, lomwe limalumikizana ndi rectum, limachotsedwa. |
Kodi mumakonzekera bwanji musanachite opaleshoni?
Popeza iyi ndi opaleshoni yaikulu, ndikofunikira kwambiri kukonzekera.
Choyamba, dokotala wanu adzakulankhulani ndikukufotokozerani mtundu wa opaleshoni yomwe mudzachite, momwe idzachitikire (kaya idzachitika kudzera mu chotupa chachikulu kapena ndi kamera). Kenako, adzakuyesani mayeso kuti aone ngati thupi lanu lingathe kuchita opaleshoniyo.
- Kuyezetsa magazi
- Colonoscopy
- Kuyesa kwa EKG (Electrocardiogram) komwe kumayesa momwe mtima ukugwira ntchito
- Mayeso ojambula zithunzi, monga CT scans kapena MRI scans
Kuphatikiza apo, gulu lachipatala lidzakudziwitsaninso za zinthu zomwe muyenera kutsatira masiku angapo opaleshoni isanachitike. Izi zikuphatikizapo:
- Konzani kuti wina akutsogolereni kunyumba kuchokera kuchipatala: Simudzatha kuyendetsa galimoto nokha mutachita opaleshoni.
- Yambani kudya zakudya zamadzimadzi: Mudzapemphedwa kumwa zakumwa monga supu ndi madzi a zipatso kwa masiku angapo musanachite opaleshoni.
- Kukonzekera matumbo: Tsiku lisanafike opaleshoni, mudzapatsidwa madzi apadera kuti mumwe kuti mutulutse matumbo anu onse. Izi sizikusangalatsa, koma ndizofunikira kwambiri kuti opaleshoniyo ipambane.
- Kusala Kudya: Simungadye kapena kumwa chilichonse kuyambira pakati pausiku patsiku la opaleshoni.
Kodi chimachitika n’chiyani panthawi ya opaleshoni komanso pambuyo pake?
Pa opaleshoni, mudzapatsidwa mankhwala oletsa ululu, kotero simudzamva chilichonse. Dokotala adzakudulani kamodzi kokha m'mimba mwanu (Open Colectomy) kapena kudula pang'ono kangapo pogwiritsa ntchito kamera (Laparoscopic Colectomy). Adzachotsa gawo lodwala la m'matumbo mwanu ndikulumikizanso magawo awiri athanzi. Izi zimatchedwa anastomosis .
Komabe, nthawi zina sizingatheke kulumikiza ziwalo ziwiri zathanzi pamodzi. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mpata pakati pa ziwalo ziwiri zotsalazo ndi waukulu kwambiri, kapena ngati sizingatheke kuzilumikiza nthawi yomweyo chifukwa cha matenda, dokotala wa opaleshoni angasankhe kupanga ostomy .
Kodi Ostomy ndi chiyani?
Kuchotsa matumbo m'mimba kumaphatikizapo kubweretsa mbali yathanzi ya matumbo pamwamba pa khungu pamimba, ndikupanga mpata watsopano (stoma) kuti ndowe zidutse. Kenako ndoweyo imasonkhanitsidwa mu thumba lapadera (thumba la ostomy) lolumikizidwa ku mpatawo.
Tikudziwa kuti kusinthaku ndi kwakukulu m'moyo wanu. Koma mudzalandira upangiri ndi maphunziro onse omwe mukufunikira kuti muthane ndi vutoli ndikukhalabe ndi moyo wabwinobwino kuchipatala. Choncho musachite mantha.
Mukachita opaleshoni, muyenera kukhala m'chipatala kwa masiku angapo kapena sabata imodzi. Mudzakhala ndi zakumwa ndi zakudya zofewa kwa masiku ochepa oyamba. Mutha kubwerera ku kudya bwino mukachira. Zingatenge milungu 6 kuti muchiritse bwino mukabwerera kunyumba. Komabe, anthu ambiri amatha kubwerera ku zochita zawo zambiri mkati mwa milungu iwiri.
Kodi muyenera kulankhula ndi dokotala liti?
Ndikofunikira kwambiri kudziwa zizindikiro zilizonse zochenjeza zomwe zingachitike mukabwerera kunyumba mutachita opaleshoni. Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi, uzani dokotala wanu kapena dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo.
| Chenjezo | Kufotokozera |
|---|---|
| Malungo aakulu | Kutentha kwa thupi, kumva kufooka. |
| Zizindikiro za matenda pamalo obayidwa | Kufiira, kutupa, kupweteka kwambiri, kapena mafinya ozungulira chotupacho. |
| Kupweteka kwa m'mimba kukuwonjezeka pang'onopang'ono | Ngati ululu wa m'mimba ukuwonjezeka pang'onopang'ono m'malo mochepa. |
| Kuvuta kuchita chimbudzi | Palibe kuyenda m'mimba kapena kudzimbidwa kwa masiku angapo. |
Kuchotsa khansa ya m'mawere kungakhale chinthu chosintha moyo wanu. Kungachepetse zizindikiro zanu zopweteka, kuchiza khansa yanu, kapena kukuthandizani kukhala ndi moyo wautali ndi khansa. Kambiranani momasuka ndi dokotala wanu za mafunso kapena nkhawa zilizonse zomwe mungakhale nazo. Iwo nthawi zonse amakhala okonzeka kukuthandizani.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Colectomy ndi opaleshoni yochotsa gawo lowonongeka la matumbo akuluakulu.
- Opaleshoni iyi imachitika pa matenda aakulu monga khansa ndi diverticulitis.
- Ndikofunikira kwambiri kutsatira malangizo a dokotala, kuphatikizapo kutsuka matumbo, musanachite opaleshoni.
- Mungafunike thumba la ostomy kuti muchotse chopondapo, koma mudzalandira chithandizo chonse chomwe mukufuna kuti mukhale nacho.
- Zimatenga nthawi kuti munthu achire, choncho khalani okoma mtima kwa inu nokha ndipo tengani nthawi yanu kuti muchire.
- Ngati mukumva zizindikiro zochenjeza monga kutentha thupi kapena kupweteka kwambiri mutachita opaleshoni, funsani dokotala nthawi yomweyo.
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