Mukapita kwa dokotala, mwina mwawamva akunena kuti, "Tiyeni tikayeze magazi," sichoncho? Nthawi zambiri, amalankhula za Complete Blood Count, kapena CBC test yomwe tonse timaidziwa bwino. Iyi ndi mayeso ofala kwambiri, osavuta. Koma mukalandira lipotilo, ndi zachilendo kumva mantha pang'ono komanso mantha mukaona zilembo ndi manambala. Chifukwa chake lero, tiyeni tikambirane zomwe zili mu lipotili la CBC ndi zomwe likunena m'njira yosavuta, m'njira yomwe mungamvetse.
Kodi mayeso a CBC awa ndi otani?
Mwachidule, CBC ndi mayeso omwe amawerengera mitundu ikuluikulu ya maselo m'magazi mwanu. Magazi athu si madzi ofiira okha. Ali ndi mitundu ingapo ya maselo omwe ndi ofunikira m'thupi lathu. CBC imayang'ana makamaka mitundu itatu iyi ya maselo: maselo ofiira amagazi , maselo oyera amagazi , ndi ma platelet .
Tsopano, tiyeni tiwone nthawi yomwe dokotala angalamule mayeso a CBC awa:
- Monga gawo la kafukufuku wa thanzi: Ngakhale mutakhala kuti mulibe matenda aliwonse, izi zitha kuchitika kuti muwonetsetse kuti zonse zili bwino.
- Pezani chomwe chimayambitsa zizindikiro: Izi zikuthandizani kupeza chomwe chimayambitsa zinthu monga kufooka nthawi zonse, kutopa, kutentha thupi, komanso kuvulala nthawi zina .
- Kufufuza Ngati Muli ndi Matenda a M'magazi: Njira yabwino yodziwira ngati muli ndi matenda a magazi m'thupi, omwe ndi ofala pakati pa anthu ambiri ku Sri Lanka, ndi kukhala ndi CBC.
- Yang'anirani vuto lomwe lilipo kale: Ngati muli ndi vuto lokhudzana ndi magazi, mayesowa amachitika nthawi zonse kuti muwone momwe lilili.
- Yang'anani zotsatira za mankhwala: Izi ndizofunikira kuti mudziwe ngati mankhwala ena omwe mukumwa, makamaka omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza khansa (chemotherapy), akukhudza maselo anu amagazi.
Kodi mumayesa bwanji mayeso awa?
Izi n'zosavuta ndipo zitha kumalizidwa mumphindi zochepa. Simuyenera kugwira ntchito molimbika.
Ngati mukungoyesedwa CBC, mutha kudya ndi kumwa bwino. Komabe, ngati mukuyesedwanso kwina, monga kuyesa shuga m'magazi osadya, dokotala wanu adzakuuzani kuti musadye kapena kumwa kwa maola ochepa. Mukapita ku labu, namwino kapena katswiri wa labu adzatenga chitsanzo cha magazi pang'ono kuchokera m'mitsempha yomwe ili m'dzanja lanu ndi sirinji yaying'ono. Zimatenga mphindi zochepa zokha ndipo zimamveka ngati nyerere yaing'ono yaluma. Pambuyo pake, mutha kupita kunyumba bwino. Chitsanzo cha magazi chimayesedwa ku labu pogwiritsa ntchito makina ndipo lipoti limakonzedwa.
Zimene lipoti la CBC limanena ndi mtengo wapakati
Chabwino, tsopano tiyeni tiwone mbali zofunika kwambiri za lipotili ndi tanthauzo lake. Ndayika izi mu tebulo ili m'munsimu kuti mumvetse mosavuta. Kumbukirani, 'makhalidwe abwinobwino' awa amatha kusiyana pang'ono kuchokera ku labu kupita ku labu, kutengera zaka ndi jenda.
| Kodi chikuyesedwa ndi chiyani (chizindikiro) | Tanthauzo chabe | Mndandanda wa Ma Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Maselo oyera a m'magazi (WBCs) | Zili ngati apolisi a thupi. Zimatiteteza ku matenda polimbana ndi majeremusi. Zambiri mwa izi zingayambitse matenda. Zochepa kwambiri zimatha kuwonjezera chiopsezo cha matenda. | Maselo 4,500 - 11,000 pa microliter iliyonse |
| Maselo ofiira a magazi (RBCs) | Amatenga mpweya kuchokera m'mapapo ndikuugawa m'thupi lonse. Izi zikatha, matenda otchedwa "anemia" amayamba. | Amuna: 4.5 - 5.9 miliyoni/mcL Azimayi: 4.1 - 5.1 miliyoni/mcL |
| Hemoglobin (Hb kapena Hgb) | Iyi ndi puloteni yomwe imasunga mpweya mkati mwa maselo ofiira a magazi. Ichi ndiye chinthu chachikulu chomwe chimayesa kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi. | Amuna: 14 - 17.5 g/dL Akazi: 12.3 - 15.3 gm/dL |
| Hematocrit (Hct) | Zimakuuzani kuchuluka kwa magazi anu komwe kumapangidwa ndi maselo ofiira. Ngati ndi ochepa, mungakhale ndi chitsulo chochepa. Ngati ndi okwera, mungakhale ndi madzi m'thupi. | Amuna: 41.5% - 50.4% Akazi:35.9% - 44.6% |
| MCV (Variety Corpuscular Volume) | Kukula kwapakati kwa maselo ofiira a m'magazi. Ngati ndi aakulu kwambiri, kungakhale chizindikiro cha kusowa kwa vitamini B12 kapena folate. Ngati ndi ang'onoang'ono kwambiri, kungakhale chizindikiro cha kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi, monga kusowa kwa chitsulo. | 80 - 96 |
| Mapulateleti | Maselo amenewa amathandiza kuletsa kutuluka magazi komanso kutseka magazi pakavulala. | 150,000 - 450,000/mcL |
Chofunika kwambiri: Musaweruze matenda anu kutengera zomwe zili mu tebulo ili. Dokotala wanu yekha ndi amene angawunikenso molondola lipotili ndikuliphatikiza ndi zizindikiro zina zanu komanso matenda anu kuti afike pamapeto olondola. Nkhaniyi ikungokupatsani kumvetsetsa koyambira kwa izi.
Kodi ndi chiyani china chomwe chingakhale mu lipoti la CBC?
Nthawi zina, ngati dokotala akufuna kuwona bwino za vuto lanu, adzayang'ana kwambiri zina zomwe zili mu lipoti la CBC. Ngakhale mayina awo ndi ovuta kuwatchula, tanthauzo lawo ndi losavuta.
- MCH (Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin): Izi zikutanthauza kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin mu selo limodzi lofiira la magazi.
- MCHC (Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration): Imayesa kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin m'magazi enaake.
- RDW (Kufalikira kwa Maselo Ofiira): Imasonyeza kusiyana kwa kukula kwa maselo ofiira anu. Si maselo onse omwe ali ndi kukula kofanana.
- Chiwerengero cha ma reticulocyte: Chimayesa chiwerengero cha maselo ofiira a m'magazi osakhwima, kapena omwe angopangidwa kumene m'thupi.
- MPV (Mean Platelet Volume): Kukula kwapakati kwa ma platelet anu.
- PDW (Kufalikira kwa Ma Platelet): Imasonyeza kuchuluka kwa kukula kwa ma platelet.
- Kusiyana kwa Maselo Oyera a Magazi: Pali mitundu 5 ya maselo oyera a magazi (ma neutrophils, ma lymphocytes, ma monocytes, ma eosinophils, ndi ma basophils). Kuyesaku kukuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa mitundu iliyonse komwe kulipo padera. Izi zingapereke lingaliro lomveka bwino la zinthu monga matenda kapena ziwengo.
Ndi poganizira zonsezi pamodzi kuti dokotala amamvetsetsa thanzi lanu lonse. Choncho musadandaule ngati phindu limodzi mu lipotilo lili lalikulu kapena lotsika. Likhoza kukhala vuto la kanthawi kochepa.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Kuyeza magazi m'magazi (CBC) ndi njira yofunika kwambiri komanso yofunikira yodziwira maselo m'magazi anu.
- Izi zingapereke zizindikiro zokhudza kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi, matenda opatsirana, ndi mavuto ena ambiri azaumoyo.
- Musachite mantha ngati lipoti lanu likuwonetsa phindu kunja kwa 'range yachibadwa'. Pakhoza kukhala zifukwa zambiri za izi.
- Chofunika kwambiri ndikuwonetsa lipoti lanu la CBC kwa dokotala wanu ndikumufunsa kuti akufotokozereni. Musangoyang'ana pa intaneti kapena kuyesa kupeza matenda nokha.
- Ngati simukumvetsa zomwe dokotala wanu akufotokoza, musaope kufunsanso mafunso. Ndi ufulu wanu kudziwitsidwa za thanzi lanu.
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