Kodi magazi a munthu amene wachira angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuchiritsa munthu wina? - Tiyeni Tikambirane za Plasma Yotsitsimula

Kodi munayamba mwadzifunsapo kuti zingakhale bwino bwanji ngati luso lolimbana ndi matenda enaake lingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuthandiza munthu amene akudwalabe matendawa? Si nkhani yongopeka ya sayansi. Pali mankhwala otere mu zamankhwala. Lero tikambirana za mankhwala abwino kwambiri amenewo. Amatchedwa Convalescent Plasma Therapy.

Mwachidule, kodi Convalescent Plasma ndi chiyani?

Izi n'zosavuta kuzimvetsa. Tangoganizani kuti muli ndi matenda, mwachitsanzo kachilombo koopsa, komwe kamalowa m'thupi lanu. Chitetezo cha thupi lanu, chotchedwa chitetezo cha mthupi, chimayamba kumenyana ndi mdani uyu. Amapanga zida zapadera pankhondoyi. Timatcha zida izi kuti ma antibodies . Ma antibodies amenewa amadziwa bwino momwe angazindikire ndikuwononga kachilomboka.

Tsopano, m'thupi la munthu amene wachira kwathunthu ku matendawa (wochira), muli ma antibodies ambiri opangidwa motsutsana ndi kachilomboka m'magazi. Mu chithandizo cha Convalescent Plasma, maselo monga maselo ofiira a magazi ndi maselo oyera a magazi amachotsedwa m'magazi omwe atengedwa kuchokera kwa munthu wotereyo, ndipo gawo lamadzimadzi lokha lomwe lili ndi ma antibodies limalekanitsidwa. Gawo lamadzimadzi la magazili ndi lomwe timatcha plasma .

Madzi a m'magazi olemera a antibody awa amaperekedwa kwa munthu amene akudwala matenda omwewo. Zili ngati kutumiza gulu lankhondo lodziwa bwino lomwe lapambana nkhondo kuti lithandize gulu lankhondo latsopano lomwe likumenyabe nkhondo.

Kodi mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa matenda amtundu wanji?

Mankhwalawa nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa matenda opatsirana omwe ndi atsopano padziko lonse lapansi, omwe angakhale oopsa, ndipo palibe katemera kapena chithandizo china chake chomwe chilipo pakadali pano. Izi zikutanthauza kuti amakhala njira yothandiza kwambiri ngati tilibe zida zina zamphamvu zomwe tingathe kugwiritsa ntchito.

Nazi zina mwa zochitika zomwe madokotala agwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa:

• COVID-19: Panali nkhani zambiri zokhudza chithandizochi kumayambiriro kwa mliriwu.
• Matenda otuluka magazi monga Ebola .
• SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome): Iyi ndi kachilombo koopsa m'banja la coronavirus.
• Fuluwenza ya mbalame.
• H1N1 (chimfine cha nkhumba).

Kodi dongosololi limagwira ntchito bwanji mkati mwa thupi?

Mmene izi zimagwirira ntchito ndi zomwe timatcha kuti passive immunity . Zili ngati "borrowed immunity."

Tangoganizirani, kachilombo konga kachilombo kamene kalowa m'thupi mwathu koyamba, zimatenga milungu iwiri kapena itatu kuti chitetezo chathu cha mthupi chizindikire ndikupanga ma antibodies olimbana nacho. Panthawiyi, kachilomboka kakhoza kufalikira m'thupi lonse ndikuyambitsa matenda oopsa.

Koma chithandizo cha Convalescent Plasma chimaphatikizapo kupatsa matupi athu ma antibodies opangidwa kale kuchokera kwa munthu amene walimbana kale ndi matendawa ndipo wapanga ma antibodies. Ma antibodies amenewa amayamba kumenyana ndi kachilomboka akangolowa m'thupi. Izi zimapatsa matupi athu nthawi yopanga ma antibodies awoawo. Mwanjira ina, zili ngati gulu lankhondo lomwe linabwera kudzathandiza likulamulira nkhondoyo mpaka gulu lathu lankhondo litakonzeka.

Kodi chithandizochi chimaperekedwa bwanji?

Iyi si opaleshoni yaikulu. Nthawi zambiri imakhala njira yosavuta monga kupereka madzi amchere.

1. Zimakupangitsani kukhala omasuka pabedi kapena pampando.

2. Namwino kapena dokotala adzatsuka bwino mtsempha womwe uli m'dzanja lanu.

3. Kenako kansalu kakang'ono (IV line) kamalowetsedwa mu mtsempha umenewo. Uku ndi kubowola pang'ono chabe.

4. Thumba lomwe lili ndi plasma lalumikizidwa ku kanula iyi.

5. Pakatha ola limodzi kapena kuposerapo, plasma iyi imalowa m'thupi lanu pang'onopang'ono.

6. Ndondomeko ikatha, kannula imachotsedwa ndipo pulasitala yaying'ono imayikidwa pamalopo.

7. Dokotala adzakuyang'anirani kwa kanthawi kuti aone ngati pali zotsatirapo zilizonse zoyipa.

Kodi ubwino ndi kuipa kwa chithandizochi ndi kotani?

Monga mankhwala ena aliwonse, awa ali ndi ubwino wake komanso zoopsa zake. Tiyeni tiwone bwino.

Kodi izi zikuyenda bwino bwanji?

Funso lofunika kwambiri ndi ili. Kupambana kwa chithandizo cha Convalescent Plasma kumadalira zinthu zingapo. Chofunika kwambiri ndi nthawi ya chithandizocho.

• Kafukufuku wina pa COVID-19 wasonyeza kuti ngati chithandizochi chiperekedwa mkati mwa masiku oyamba zizindikiro zikuyamba, chingachepetse kuopsa kwa matendawa komwe kumabweretsa kugonekedwa m'chipatala ndi pafupifupi 30% - 50%.
• Komabe, kafukufuku wina wasonyeza kuti kupereka izi kwa odwala omwe ali kale m'mavuto aakulu ndipo alowetsedwa mu chipinda chosamalira odwala kwambiri (ICU) sikunapange kusiyana kwakukulu. Izi zikutanthauza kuti thandizoli liyenera kuperekedwa musanawononge.
• Kafukufuku wochitidwa panthawi ya mliri wa Ebola sanasonyeze kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa anthu omwe adalandira chithandizochi ndi omwe sanalandire chithandizochi.

Kodi ndi liti pamene muyenera kulankhula ndi dokotala?

Ngati mwapatsidwa chithandizochi, kapena ngati muli ndi mafunso okhudza ichi, musazengereze kufunsa dokotala wanu. Ngati mwakumana ndi chinthu chachilendo mutalandira chithandizocho, monga kutentha thupi, kupweteka kwa thupi, kapena kupuma movutikira, muyeneranso kunena nthawi yomweyo. Dokotalayo adzakufotokozerani zizindikiro zomwe muyenera kusamala nazo komanso zomwe mungachite pakagwa ngozi.

Chithandizo cha Convalescent Plasma sichigwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa matenda monga COVID-19 masiku ano, chifukwa pali katemera ndi maantibayotiki othandiza kwambiri. Komabe, kwa anthu omwe ali ndi chitetezo chamthupi chofooka, madokotala angachione ngati njira ina pamene njira zina sizikugwira ntchito.