Kodi inunso mwasintha mutakumana ndi vuto lalikulu komanso la nthawi yayitali? Tiyeni tikambirane za CPTSD (Complex PTSD)!

Tonsefe timakumana ndi zovuta komanso zopweteka m'miyoyo yathu zomwe sitingathe kuziganizira, sichoncho? Koma pali zochitika zina zomwe sizimatha tsiku limodzi kapena awiri. Zimativutitsa kwa nthawi yayitali, zomwe zimatikhudza kwambiri. Lero, tikambirana za vuto la maganizo lomwe lingabwere chifukwa cha zinthu zoopsa zomwe zakhala zikuchitika kwa nthawi yayitali. Izi zimatchedwa CPTSD kapena Complex Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder . Mwina mwamvapo izi, kapena mukumva zizindikiro izi nokha. Tiyeni tiwone chomwe chiri.

Kodi CPTSD (Complex PTSD) ndi chiyani? Mwachidule...

Mwachidule, CPTSD ndi vuto la maganizo lomwe lingayambe ngati mukukumana ndi zoopsa kwa nthawi yayitali. Izi zingayambitse kusintha kwakukulu osati m'maganizo mwanu okha komanso m'makhalidwe anu. Taganizirani izi, monga momwe bala limatenga nthawi kuti lichiritsidwe, mabala akuluakulu amaganizo nawonso amatenga nthawi kuti achire, ndipo nthawi zina angayambitse mavuto osiyanasiyana m'maganizo.

Pali mayankho akuluakulu angapo omwe angawonekere mu CPTSD:

• Kumva nkhawa kapena mantha nthawi zonse (Nkhawa): Nthawi zonse mungamve ngati chinachake choipa chichitika.
• Zochitika zakale kapena maloto oipa: Mungamve ngati chochitika chomvetsa chisonicho chikubwereranso, kapena mwina mumakhala ndi maloto oipa pafupipafupi okhudzana ndi icho.
• Kupewa malo, anthu, ndi zinthu zokhudzana ndi chochitika choopsa: Simungafune kukhala pafupi kapena kupita kumalo omwe amakukumbutsani za chochitikacho.
• Kuvuta kulamulira malingaliro (Kukula kwa mayankho amalingaliro): Mungakwiye msanga, kukwiya, kuchita zinthu mopupuluma, komanso kukhala wankhanza pazinthu zazing'ono.
• Mavuto osatha pakulimbikitsa ubale: Kuvuta kulumikizana ndi anthu, kuwakhulupirira, ndi kupanga ubale.

Tangoganizani, pali munthu wina dzina lake Nilanthi. Kuyambira ali mwana, nthawi zonse panyumba pankachitika ndewu, ndipo abambo ake ankazunza amayi ake ndi iwo nthawi zambiri. Zaka zinapita motere. Ngakhale kuti Nilanthi ndi wachinyamata tsopano, nthawi zonse amaopa, amavutika kukhulupirira anthu, ndipo amakwiya ndi zinthu zazing'ono. Nthawi zambiri amalota za zinthu zomwe zinamuchitikira ali mwana. Mkhalidwe woterewu ukhoza kukhala chitsanzo cha CPTSD.

Kodi ndi zoopsa ziti zomwe zingayambitse CPTSD?

• Kuchitiridwa nkhanza kwa nthawi yayitali kapena kugwiriridwa ndi mwana.
• Nkhanza za m'banja zomwe zimachitika nthawi yayitali.
• Kukhala wozunzidwa ndi anthu kapena kugwiriridwa ndi anthu.
• Kukhala m'malo okhala ngati nkhondo kwa nthawi yayitali (Nkhondo).
• Chiwawa chofala m'dera.

Matendawa si ofala kokha kwa iwo omwe adakumana ndi zoopsa kwambiri ali ana, komanso amatha kukhala ndi CPTSD akakula ngati akumana ndi zoopsa zotere kwa nthawi yayitali.

Kodi CPTSD imadziwika ndi dokotala?

Nkhani imeneyi ndi yovuta kwambiri. Ngakhale pakati pa akatswiri a zamaganizo, pali maganizo osiyanasiyana okhudza ngati CPTSD ndi vuto lina kapena ndi gawo la PTSD (Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder).

Taganizirani izi: Bungwe la World Health Organization (WHO) latchula CPTSD ngati matenda osiyana m'buku lake laposachedwa, `International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11),` mu 2019. Komabe, bungwe la American Psychiatric Association (APA) silizindikira CPTSD ngati matenda osiyana mu `Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) . Komabe, DSM-5 ikuphatikizapo matenda otchedwa `dissociative PTSD` ngati gawo la PTSD, ndipo zizindikiro zake zimafanana kwambiri ndi CPTSD.

Akatswiri ena amakhulupirira kuti CPTSD, PTSD, ndi BPD (Borderline Personality Disorder) zonse zitha kukhala matenda amisala okhudzana ndi kuvulala kwambiri omwe ali ndi mtundu umodzi. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, zitha kukhala zogwirizana malinga ndi kuopsa kwa zizindikiro zawo.

Ndiye kusiyana kotani pakati pa CPTSD ndi PTSD?

Funso limene anthu ambiri amafunsa ndi ili. Kusiyana kwakukulu ndi nthawi yomwe munthu wagwidwa ndi mantha komanso zizindikiro zake.

Tinkaganiza kuti PTSD imayamba chifukwa cha kuvulala kwakanthawi kochepa, monga ngozi kapena masoka achilengedwe. Koma kafukufuku wapeza kuti anthu omwe amakumana ndi kuvulala kwa nthawi yayitali, mobwerezabwereza, amakhala ndi zizindikiro zina kuwonjezera pa PTSD. Ndi zizindikiro zina izi zomwe CPTSD imapezedwa.

Mu CPTSD ndi PTSD,

• Kubwereranso ku chochitikachi (zokumbukira zakale),
• Kusamala kwambiri (kukhala maso nthawi zonse komanso mosafunikira pa zomwe zikukuzungulira),
• Mayankho a kupsinjika maganizo ndi khalidwe angawonekere, monga kupewa zinthu zomwe zingakukumbutseni za chochitika choopsacho.

Komabe, anthu omwe ali ndi CPTSD amakumananso ndi mavuto ena :

• Mavuto osatha komanso ofala okhudza kulamulira malingaliro: Kukwiya msanga pazinthu zazing'ono, kumva chisoni, komanso kulephera kulamulira malingaliro.
• Nkhani zokhudza umunthu wanu ndi kudziona ngati ndinu nokha: Maganizo oipa okhudza inuyo ndi kufunika kwanu. Kumva manyazi, kudzimva kuti ndinu wolakwa, komanso kulephera n’kofala.
• Mavuto osunga ubale: N'zovuta kwambiri kumanga ndi kusunga ubale wolimba komanso wopindulitsa ndi ena.

Kodi kusiyana pakati pa CPTSD ndi BPD (Borderline Personality Disorder) ndi kotani?

CPTSD ndi BPD zimakhala ndi zizindikiro zofanana, monga khalidwe losakhazikika, kudzimva wopanda pake, komanso kuvutika kukhala ndi ubale wolimba. Izi zapangitsa akatswiri ena kukayikira ngati ziwirizi ndi matenda osiyana.

Malinga ndi zomwe zikuchitika panopa, kusiyana kwakukulu ndikuti CPTSD imafuna kuvulala kosatha kuti ikule. Ngakhale kuti BPD sikutanthauza kuvulala kuti ikule , BPD nthawi zambiri imagwirizanitsidwa kwambiri ndi zochitika zoopsa, monga nkhanza zaubwana kapena kunyalanyazidwa.

Kusiyana kwina ndikuti BPD nthawi zambiri imawonekera mwa achinyamata, koma CPTSD imatha kuchitika pa msinkhu uliwonse.

Kodi CPTSD ndi yofala bwanji?

Popeza CPTSD ndi matenda omwe angodziwika kumene, kafukufuku wokwanira sanapezeke wokhudza momwe matendawa alili ofala. Komabe, akatswiri akuti matendawa angakhudze pakati pa 1% ndi 8% ya anthu padziko lonse lapansi. Izi zikutanthauza kuti pakhoza kukhala anthu ku Sri Lanka omwe ali ndi matendawa.

Kodi zizindikiro za CPTSD ndi ziti?

Malinga ndi gulu la `ICD-11` la World Health Organization, CPTSD ili ndi zizindikiro zambiri zazikulu za PTSD. Izi ndi izi:

• Kukumbukira zomwe zinachitika: Kumva ngati chochitika choopsacho chikuchitikanso.
• Kupewa ndi kupewa anthu, zochitika, ndi zinthu zachilengedwe zomwe zinayambitsa ngozi.
• Kusamala kwambiri (kukhala maso nthawi zonse poopa ngozi).
• Maganizo ndi malingaliro oipa pafupipafupi.

Kuwonjezera pa izi, palinso zizindikiro zina zomwe zimakhala zosiyana ndi za CPTSD:

• Kuchitapo kanthu mopitirira muyeso chifukwa cha zinthu zoipa zomwe zimakukhumudwitsani, mkwiyo, ndi khalidwe laukali (Affective dysregulation): Mwachidule, kukwiya msanga, kukwiya, komanso kukhala ndi nthawi yovuta yolamulira malingaliro ngakhale pazinthu zazing'ono.
• Kukhala ndi maganizo oipa pa ine ndekha: Kuvutika nthawi zonse ndi manyazi, kudzimva wolakwa, kudzimva wolephera, komanso kudziona ngati wopanda pake.
• Kuvuta kwambiri pakupanga ndi kusunga ubale wofunika: N'kovuta kwambiri kudalira anthu ndikupanga ubale wapafupi.

"Ndikukumbukira, ndinali ndi mnzanga amene anavutika kwambiri ali mwana. Sanathe kudalira anthu ena. Ngakhale wina atamwetulira ndikulankhula naye, ankaganiza kuti akukonza msampha. Anali ndi abwenzi ochepa kwambiri." - Mtundu uwu wa vutoli ukhoza kuoneka mu CPTSD.

Kodi n’chiyani chimayambitsa matenda a CPTSD? Kodi n’chiyani chimachitika ku ubongo wathu?

Malinga ndi ICD-11, CPTSD imayamba chifukwa cha kukhudzidwa ndi chochitika choopsa kapena zochitika zingapo zoopsa kwambiri. Zochitikazi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zokhalitsa, zobwerezabwereza, ndipo zimakhudza zochitika zomwe kuthawa sikungatheke kapena ngakhale zoopsa.

Zitsanzo zina ndi izi:

• Nkhanza za m'banja zomwe zimachitika nthawi yayitali.
• Kugwiriridwa kapena kugwiriridwa mwankhanza ali mwana.
• Kuzunza.
• Kukumana ndi kuphedwa kwa anthu ambiri.
• Kukhala akapolo.

Mtundu uwu wa kupsinjika kwakukulu komanso kwa nthawi yayitali kungayambitse kusintha kwa kapangidwe ka ubongo wanu . Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti kuvulala kungayambitse kusintha kosatha m'mbali zingapo zofunika kwambiri za ubongo wathu. Zigawo izi ndi izi:

• `Amygdala`: Iyi ndi gawo lalikulu la ubongo wathu lomwe limagwira ntchito pochita mantha ndi malingaliro ena. Ili ngati malo ozungulira omwe amalamulira malingaliro athu, makamaka omwe amazindikira malingaliro monga mantha. Gawoli limatha kugwira ntchito mopitirira muyeso chifukwa cha zoopsa, ndichifukwa chake nthawi zonse timakhala ndi mantha komanso tcheru.
• Hippocampus: Iyi ndi gawo lalikulu la ubongo wathu lomwe limasunga zokumbukira zathu ndi kutithandiza kuphunzira zinthu zatsopano. Kuvulala kungachepetse ntchito ya gawoli, ndichifukwa chake nthawi zina timavutika kukumbukira zochitika ndikuphunzira zinthu zatsopano.
• Prefrontal cortex: Apa ndi pomwe timachita zinthu zambiri zofunika, monga kukonzekera, kupanga zisankho, kuwonetsa umunthu wathu, komanso kuwongolera khalidwe la anthu. Kuvulala kungasinthenso magwiridwe antchito a gawoli, ndichifukwa chake zimakhala zovuta kulamulira malingaliro ndikupanga zisankho mopupuluma.

Kafukufuku wina wokhudza ubongo wasonyeza kuti kusintha kumeneku kumaonekera kwambiri mu ubongo wa anthu omwe ali ndi CPTSD kuposa omwe ali ndi PTSD.

Kodi mungadziwe bwanji molondola ngati muli ndi CPTSD?

Palibe mayeso enieni odziwira matenda a CPTSD. M'malo mwake, dokotala kapena mlangizi wa zaumoyo wamaganizo adzakufunsani za izi:

• Zizindikiro zanu.
• Mbiri yanu yachipatala.
• Mbiri yanu ya thanzi la maganizo.
• Momwe munachitidwira ndi zoopsa.

Madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito njira zomwe zili mu bungwe la World Health Organization's `ICD-11` kuti adziwe matenda a CPTSD. Komabe, chifukwa CPTSD ndi matenda atsopano omwe apezeka, madokotala ena sangadziwe. Chifukwa chake, zingakhale zovuta kupeza matenda ovomerezeka. Dokotala angakuuzeni kuti muli ndi PTSD m'malo mwa CPTSD. Chifukwa chake, ngati muli ndi zizindikirozi, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuwonana ndi mlangizi wa zaumoyo wamaganizo yemwe ali ndi luso pantchitoyi.

Kodi mankhwala a CPTSD ndi ati?

Nkhani yabwino ndi yakuti pali mankhwala a CPTSD! Chithandizo chachikulu ndi psychotherapy, kapena "kulankhulana" monga momwe tonse tikudziwira. Makamaka, imagwiritsa ntchito mtundu wa chithandizo chamaganizo chotchedwa trauma-focused CBT .

Chithandizochi chimaperekedwa ndi katswiri wodziwa bwino ntchito zamaganizo , monga katswiri wa zamaganizo kapena katswiri wa zamaganizo. Chithandizochi chimapereka chithandizo, maphunziro, ndi chitsogozo kwa inu ndi okondedwa anu kuti akuthandizeni kugwira ntchito bwino ndikukweza thanzi lanu.

Mu CBT yokhudzana ndi zoopsa, zinthu izi zimachitika:

• Mumaphunzira momwe thupi lanu limayankhira pakagwa zoopsa ndi kupsinjika maganizo.
• Phunzirani momwe mungathanirane ndi zizindikiro.
• Zimathandiza kuzindikira njira zovuta zoganizira ndikusintha (kusinthanso).
• Chithandizo cha Kuwonekera Pamaso: Anthu omwe ali ndi PTSD ndi CPTSD nthawi zambiri amapewa zinthu kapena zochitika zokhudzana ndi kuvulala kwawo. Zotsatira zake, samapeza mwayi wophunzira kuti amatha kulamulira mantha awo ngakhale atakumana ndi zinthuzo. Mu chithandizo cha kuonekera pamaso, katswiriyo amakuwonetsani pang'onopang'ono ku zochitika zomwe zimakuchititsani mantha. Amakuphunzitsani kuti mukhalebe m'mikhalidwe imeneyo ndikukumana nayo.

Chithandizo china chokhudzana ndi zoopsa ndi Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) . Mu chithandizochi, mumaganizira za chochitika choopsacho pamene mukuyang'ana kwambiri phokoso kapena mayendedwe enaake omwe katswiriyo amayambitsa. Cholinga chake ndikuchepetsa nkhawa zomwe mumamva chifukwa cha zochitikazo pakapita nthawi.

Chithandizo cha Kuzindikira (CPT) ndi mtundu wina wa chithandizo choganizira za kuvulala. Chithandizochi chimayang'ana kwambiri kuthetsa malingaliro ndi malingaliro ovutitsa komanso omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala ovuta omwe amabuka m'maganizo mwanu mukangokumana ndi zoopsa.

Mankhwala a CPTSD

Pakadali pano, palibe mankhwala enieni omwe avomerezedwa ndi US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) kuti athetse PTSD kapena CPTSD. Komabe, madokotala angapereke mankhwala ngati awa kuti athandize kuchepetsa zizindikiro zina za CPTSD:

• Mankhwala Oletsa Kuvutika Maganizo: Monga `Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs)` kapena `Serotonin ndi Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs).`
• Mankhwala oletsa nkhawa.
• Mankhwala ogona.

Mankhwalawa amangochepetsa zizindikiro, osati kuchiza matenda kwathunthu. Chifukwa chake, psychotherapy ndiye chithandizo chachikulu.

Kodi zizindikiro za CPTSD ndi ziti?

Popeza CPTSD ndi matenda atsopano omwe apezeka, ofufuza zachipatala sanapeze mwayi wochita kafukufuku wa nthawi yayitali pa matendawa.

Kwa ambiri, CPTSD ikhoza kukhala vuto la moyo wonse. Koma musadandaule! Chabwino kwambiri ndichakuti zizindikiro zanu zitha kuthetsedwa bwino ndi psychotherapy komanso, ngati pakufunika, mankhwala. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mankhwala awa angakuthandizeni kukhala ndi moyo wabwinobwino.

Ngati muli ndi CPTSD, mumadzisamalira bwanji?

Kuwonjezera pa kufunafuna chithandizo, palinso zinthu zingapo zomwe mungachite kuti mukhale ndi thanzi labwino la maganizo:

• Chitani masewera olimbitsa thupi pang'ono kuti muchepetse kupsinjika maganizo ndikukweza malingaliro anu. Ngakhale kuyenda pang'ono kapena china chake monga yoga ndikwabwino.
• Khalani ndi zolinga zomwe mungathe kuzikwaniritsa. Musayembekezere zinthu zazikulu nthawi imodzi. Khalani okondwa ndi zipambano zazing'ono.
• Khalani ndi nthawi ndi anthu omwe mumawadalira. Auzeni zomwe mwakumana nazo komanso zomwe zimayambitsa zizindikiro zanu.
• Dziwani nthawi ndi malo omwe amakupangitsani kumva bwino komanso mwamtendere, tengani nawo nthawi zambiri, ndipo pitani kumalo amenewo.
• Lowani nawo gulu lothandizira anthu omwe adakumana ndi zoopsa. Zimapatsa mphamvu kulankhula ndi anthu omwe adakumana ndi zinthu zomwezo ngati inu.
• Dzichitireni chifundo, khalani oleza mtima. Kumbukirani kuti zizindikiro sizimatha mwadzidzidzi. Zimabwera pang'onopang'ono.

Chofunika kwambiri ndi kumvetsetsa kuti simuli nokha. Musaope kupempha thandizo.

Kodi muyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Pamene mukulandira chithandizo cha CPTSD, ndikofunikira kwambiri kukaonana ndi dokotala wanu ndi/kapena katswiri wa zamaganizo nthawi zonse. Ngati zizindikiro zanu zikuipiraipira, dziwitsani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo.

Kodi muyenera kupita ku Chipinda Chothandizira Anthu Odwala Mwadzidzidzi (ETU) liti?

Ngati mukufuna kudzivulaza kapena mukuganiza zodzipha, pitani ku chipinda chapafupi chadzidzidzi nthawi yomweyo, kapena imbani nambala yoyenera yadzidzidzi ku Sri Lanka (monga 1926 National Mental Health Helpline).

Kupempha thandizo pambuyo pa chochitika choopsa kungakhale kovuta kwambiri. Koma kumbukirani, kupeza chithandizo cha CPTSD ndikofunikira. Pakapita nthawi, chithandizo chingakuthandizeni kuchira. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za njira zina zochiritsira. Ali pano kuti akuthandizeni ndikukuthandizani.

Pomaliza, zinthu zoti muzikumbukira (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

Kotero, takambirana zambiri za CPTSD lero. Pamene mukuwerenga izi, mwina mwazindikira momwe vutoli la maganizo lilili loopsa komanso lovuta.

• CPTSD ndi vuto la maganizo lomwe limabwera chifukwa cha kuvulala kwa nthawi yayitali komanso kwakukulu.
• Kuwonjezera pa PTSD, izi zimayambitsanso mavuto okhudzana ndi kulamulira malingaliro, kudzidalira, komanso kusunga ubale.
• Vutoli likhoza kukhala lovuta kulizindikira, koma katswiri wodziwa bwino ntchito yake akhoza kuchita zimenezo.
• Chabwino kwambiri ndichakuti vutoli lingathe kuthandizidwa bwino ndi mankhwala amisala (makamaka Trauma-focused CBT, EMDR, CPT) ndipo, ngati pakufunika, mankhwala.
• Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro izi, musavutike nokha ndipo funsani upangiri kwa dokotala. Kupempha thandizo si chizindikiro cha kufooka, ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zabwino kwambiri zomwe mungakhale nazo nokha.

Kumbukirani, ngakhale simungathe kulamulira zomwe zinachitika m'mbuyomu, mutha kuchitapo kanthu lero kuti mukonze tsogolo lanu. Ndikukufunirani mphamvu kuti muchite zimenezo!

` CPTSD, vuto la kupsinjika maganizo pambuyo pa zoopsa, thanzi la maganizo, zoopsa, kupsinjika maganizo, psychotherapy, PTSD