Tangoganizirani, munthu amene mumamudziwa, kapena munthu amene mumamudutsa, mwadzidzidzi wataya chidziwitso ndipo wagwa pansi. Sakupuma, sakumva ngakhale kugunda kwa mtima wake... Lero tikulankhula za chipangizo chodabwitsa chomwe chingapulumutse moyo mwadzidzidzi, nkhondo pakati pa moyo ndi imfa. Ngakhale kuti anthu ambiri adachiwona m'mafilimu, ndi ochepa okha omwe amadziwa momwe chimagwirira ntchito. Ichi ndi defibrillator.
Mwachidule, kodi defibrillator ndi chiyani?
Defibrillator ndi chipangizo chachipatala chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kubwezeretsa kayimbidwe koopsa komanso kosasinthasintha kwa kugunda kwa mtima mwa kubweretsa kugwedezeka kwamagetsi kolamulidwa kumtima. Mwachidule, chimayimitsa kwakanthawi ntchito yamagetsi ya mtima ndikuupatsa mwayi woyambiranso kayimbidwe kolondola.
Izi ndizofunikira makamaka pakakhala kugunda kwa mtima kosazolowereka (arrhythmias) komwe kumachitika m'zipinda zapansi pa mtima, m'ma ventricles, ndipo kumatha kupha munthu nthawi yomweyo.
1. Ventricular Tachycardia (VT) (ngati palibe kugunda kwa mtima) - mtima umagunda mofulumira kwambiri, koma mosagwira ntchito.
2. Kutupa kwa Mitsempha ya Mtima (VF) - Pamene minofu ya mtima yagundana molakwika komanso popanda kugwirizana kulikonse, ngati kuti ikugwedezeka. Pankhaniyi, mtima supompa magazi kupita m'thupi konse.
Mavuto onsewa angayambitse kulephera kwa mtima mwadzidzidzi, komwe mtima umasiya kugunda kotheratu.
Ndani akufunikira chipangizochi?
Tikhoza kuona izi m'njira ziwiri zazikulu. Choyamba ndi chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazipatala ndi malo opezeka anthu ambiri monga ma eyapoti ndi masitolo akuluakulu. China ndi zipangizo zomwe zimaperekedwa kwa odwala omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha kugunda kwa mtima komwe kungawononge moyo wawo kuti azigwiritsa ntchito payekha.
Tangoganizirani, ngati munthu mwadzidzidzi agwidwa ndi vuto la mtima, sekondi iliyonse yomwe imadutsa mpaka ambulansi itafika kapena munthuyo atapita kuchipatala ndi yofunika kwambiri. Panthawiyo , AED (Automated External Defibrillator) pamalo opezeka anthu ambiri imakhala ndi mwayi waukulu wopulumutsa moyo.
Pali mitundu ingapo ya ma defibrillator a munthu. Kugwedezeka kwa magetsi kuchokera ku izi nthawi zina kungamveke ngati sikudziwika, kapena kungamveke ngati kumenyedwa kolimba pachifuwa.
| Mtundu wa zida | Kufotokozera |
|---|---|
| Choyeretsera Moyo Chovekedwa (WCD) | Ichi ndi chipangizo chomwe chimavalidwa pansi pa zovala ngati vesti. Masensa omwe amamangiriridwa pakhungu nthawi zonse amawunika kugunda kwa mtima. Ngati kugunda koopsa kwapezeka, kumabweretsa kugwedezeka kwamagetsi kokha. |
| Chotsukira Mitsempha Chosalowa M'thupi (ICD) | Ichi ndi chipangizo chaching'ono chomwe chimayikidwa pansi pa khungu la chifuwa. Chili ngati pacemaker. Koma chapadera cha ichi ndichakuti sichimangolamulira kugunda kwa mtima kokha ngati chichepa, komanso chimazindikira kugunda kwa mtima komwe kungawononge moyo ndikupangitsa kuti mtima ubwerere mwakale. |
Kodi defibrillator imagwira ntchito bwanji?
Ngati wina wagwa mwadzidzidzi chikomokere, chinthu choyamba chomwe muyenera kuchita ndikuyimbira foni nthawi yomweyo ku 1990 ndikudziwitsa ambulansi. Kenako, ngati mwaphunzitsidwa, muyenera kuyamba CPR (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation) . CPR ingathandize kusunga mpweya wokwanira ku ubongo ndi ziwalo zina mpaka chipangizo choyeretsera mpweya chikapezeka.
Mukalandira defibrillator (makamaka AED), nayi momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito:
1. Yatsani chipangizocho: Mukangodina batani pa ma AED ambiri, limayatsa ndipo limapereka malangizo omveka bwino a zomwe mungachite kenako.
2. Kumangirira Mapepala: Mapepala awiri omatira omwe amamangiriridwa ku makina ayenera kuchotsedwa pa zovala za wodwalayo ndikumangiriridwa pachifuwa chopanda kanthu. Chimodzi chiyenera kumangiriridwa pansi pa phewa lamanja ndi china pansi pa nipple yakumanzere. Malo omwe mapepala ayenera kumangiriridwa akuwonetsedwa pachithunzi pa mapepala okha.
3. Kusanthula kugunda kwa mtima: Mukamaliza kulumikiza pad, makinawo adzasanthula okha kugunda kwa mtima. Sikoyenera kukhudza wodwalayo panthawiyi. Makinawo adzapereka chenjezo monga "Kusanthula kugunda kwa mtima, musakhudze wodwalayo".
4. Kupereka mphamvu yamagetsi: Ngati makina atsimikiza kuti mphamvu yamagetsi ikufunika, imadzichaji yokha ndipo imapereka chizindikiro kuti ipereke mphamvuyo. Nthawi zambiri, mumalangizidwa kuti mukanikize batani lalikulu.
Chofunika kwambiri: Musanakanikize batani loti "Anthu onse atuluke!" ndipo onetsetsani kuti palibe amene akukhudza wodwalayo kapena bedi lomwe ali. Apo ayi, angagwidwe ndi magetsi.
Kugwedezeka kwamagetsi kumeneku kumapangitsa kuti minofu ya mtima iyime kwakanthawi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pacemaker yachilengedwe ya mtima iyambenso kulamulira ndikuyamba kuyenda bwino.
Kodi chimachitika n’chiyani pambuyo pa kugwedezeka?
Mukachita mantha, muyenera kuyambanso CPR nthawi yomweyo kwa mphindi ziwiri. Pokhapokha muyezetse ngati kugunda kwa mtima ndi kupuma kwayamba. Ngati kugunda kwa mtima sikunabwererenso, magulu azachipatala angapereke mantha ndi mankhwala ena monga epinephrine kapena amiodarone .
Nthawi zina, wodwalayo angakhalebe wosazindikira ngakhale kugunda kwa mtima kutakhala bwino. Pazochitika zotere, chithandizo cha hypothermia chingachitike kuchipatala kuti achepetse chiopsezo cha kuwonongeka kwa ubongo.
Ubwino, zoopsa, ndi kuchira
| Gawo | Zoyenera kudziwa |
|---|---|
| Ubwino | Ngati chipangizo choyezera mtima (defibrillator) chikugwiritsidwa ntchito poyendetsa bwino mtima (VF/VT) komanso panthawi yoyenera (mkati mwa mphindi 10), kuthekera kopulumutsa moyo kumakhala kwakukulu. |
| Zoopsa | Ngati defibrillator ikugwiritsidwa ntchito pa kugunda kwa mtima kosazolowereka, ingayambitse kugunda kwa mtima koopsa (ventricular fibrillation) ndikupangitsa mtima kuyima. Ma AED amapangidwira kuthetsa chiopsezochi. Chifukwa chipangizocho chimasanthula kugunda kwa mtima ndikusankha ngati kugwedezeka kukufunika kapena ayi. |
| Kuchira | Kuchira pambuyo pa kulephera kwa mtima mwadzidzidzi ndi defibrillation ndi ulendo wautali womwe ungatenge miyezi kapena zaka. Pakhoza kukhala mavuto monga kutopa, kuwonongeka kwa nthiti panthawi ya CPR, komanso kuyenda movutikira. Mankhwala monga physiotherapy ndi occupational therapy angafunike. |
Kaonaneni ndi dokotala wanu.
Ngati muli ndi chipangizo cha ICD, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuonana ndi dokotala nthawi ndi nthawi kuti muwonetsetse kuti chikugwira ntchito bwino. Nthawi zambiri pamafunika opaleshoni kuti musinthe batire zaka 5-7 zilizonse. Musasiye kumwa mankhwala aliwonse omwe dokotala wanu wakupatsani. Ngati muli ndi nkhawa iliyonse, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za iwo.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Chipangizo chothandizira kupumitsa mtima (defibrillator) ndi chipangizo chofunikira kwambiri chopulumutsa moyo ngati mtima wasiya kugwira ntchito mwadzidzidzi.
- Ma AED m'malo opezeka anthu ambiri angagwiritsidwe ntchito mosavuta ndi munthu wosaphunzitsidwa bwino potsatira malangizo a mawu.
- Pewani kukhudza wodwala kapena bedi lomwe ali pabedi akamamupatsa mphamvu yamagetsi. Iyi ndi njira yofunika kwambiri yotetezera.
- Ngati mwaika chipangizo cha ICD, ndikofunikira kuti muzilankhulana ndi dokotala nthawi zonse ndikupimidwa nthawi zonse.
- Ngati muwona wina akugwa mwadzidzidzi, choyamba muyenera kuyimbira foni 1990 nthawi yomweyo ndikuyitanitsa ambulansi yadzidzidzi.
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