Impso ziwiri m'thupi lathu zili ngati zosefera ziwiri zazikulu. Ntchito yayikulu ya impso ndikusefa zinyalala zonse ndi madzi osafunikira m'thupi ndikuzitulutsa ngati mkodzo. Komabe, chifukwa cha zifukwa zosiyanasiyana monga matenda a shuga ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi, kugwira ntchito kwa impso izi kumatha kuchepa pang'onopang'ono. Impso zikalephera kugwira ntchito bwino, zinyalala zimasonkhana m'thupi ndipo zimakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu pa moyo. Pamenepo ndi pomwe timafunikira chithandizo chotchedwa dialysis.
Mwachidule, kodi dialysis ndi chiyani?
Kutsegula m'mimba ndi njira yopangira opaleshoni pamene impso zanu zalephera, pogwiritsa ntchito makina kapena njira ina yogwirira ntchito yomwe impso zanu ziyenera kuchita. Kunena zoona, zimaphatikizapo kutenga magazi anu, kusefa zinyalala (monga urea ndi creatinine) ndi madzi osafunikira, ndikubwezera magazi oyeretsedwa m'thupi lanu. Izi sizichiritsa impso zanu, koma zimathandiza impso zanu kuchita ntchito yawo, zomwe zimakupatsani mwayi wokhala ndi moyo wathanzi.
Ndi anthu amtundu wanji omwe amafunikira dialysis?
Kuyeza magazi (dialysis) kumafunika kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a impso otsiriza (ESKD), zomwe zikutanthauza kuti ntchito ya impso zawo yachepa ndi kupitirira 15%. Pali zifukwa zingapo zazikulu zomwe zimayambitsa kulephera kwa impso.
- Kuthamanga kwa magazi
- Matenda a shuga
- Matenda a chitetezo chamthupi monga lupus
Nthawi zina impso zimatha kulephera kugwira ntchito popanda chifukwa chomveka. Nthawi zina, matenda aakulu kapena ngozi ingayambitse kulephera kwa impso mwadzidzidzi (kulephera kugwira ntchito kwa impso mwachangu). Mu mkhalidwe wotere, pali mwayi woti impso zidzachira.
Kutsegula m'mimba ndi vuto lalikulu. Ngati dokotala wanu asankha kuti mukufunika kuyeretsa m'mimba koma simukuchita zimenezo, zinyalala zapoizoni zimatha kudziunjikira m'thupi lanu (uremia) n'kuika moyo pachiswe. Chifukwa chake, iyi ndi njira yopulumutsira moyo.
Pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya dialysis.
Pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya dialysis. Dokotala wanu adzakufotokozerani njira yoyenera kwa inu, kutengera moyo wanu komanso thanzi lanu.
| Mtundu wa dialysis | Momwe zimachitikira | Nthawi ndi kuchuluka kwake |
|---|---|---|
| Kuyeretsa magazi | Magazi amatengedwa kuchokera m'mitsempha yomwe ili m'dzanja, kenako amadutsa mu makina (dialyzer) kuti ayeretsedwe, kenako amabwereranso m'thupi. Izi nthawi zambiri zimachitika kuchipatala kapena ku malo oyeretsera magazi. | Pafupifupi masiku atatu pa sabata, maola atatu kapena anayi nthawi imodzi. |
| Kutsegula kwa Peritoneal Dialysis | Chubu (catheter) chimayikidwa m'mimba (mkati mwa mimba), madzi apadera (dialysate) amalowetsedwa kudzera mmenemo, ndipo magazi amayeretsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito membrane wa m'mimba (peritoneum). Izi zitha kuchitika kunyumba. | Mungathe kuchita izi katatu kapena kasanu patsiku (mphindi 30-40 iliyonse) kapena usiku pamene mukugona ndi makina (maola 8-10). |
Kuyeretsa magazi
Iyi ndi njira yodziwika kwambiri. Musanayambe chithandizochi, mtsempha waukulu wamagazi (fistula) umapangidwa polumikiza mtsempha wamagazi ndi mtsempha m'dzanja lanu. Izi zimachitika kuti zikhale zosavuta kutenga magazi ndikubweza ku makina oyeretsera magazi.
Kutsegula kwa Peritoneal Dialysis
Musanayambe njirayi, opaleshoni imayika chubu chofewa (catheter) m'mimba mwanu. Chipatala chidzakuphunzitsani momwe mungabayire ndi kuchotsa madzi awa kunyumba. Pali njira ziwiri zazikulu zochitira izi:
- CAPD (Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis): Mu izi, mumasintha madziwo pamanja kangapo patsiku.
- APD (Automated Peritoneal Dialysis): Izi zimaphatikizapo kusinthana kwamadzimadzi pogwiritsa ntchito makina pamene mukugona.
Kodi pali zoopsa zilizonse pa dialysis?
Inde, mankhwala onsewa ali ndi zoopsa zina. Chiwopsezo chachikulu ndi kuthekera kwa matenda opatsirana.
- Pa nthawi ya hemodialysis: zinthu monga kusayenda bwino kwa magazi, kuundana kwa magazi, ndi zipsera pamalo obayira singano zimatha kuchitika.
- Kutsegula m'mimba: Kutsegula m'mimba ndi matenda omwe amakhudza matumbo a m'mimba. Pakapita nthawi, minofu ya m'mimba imatha kufooka ndipo hernia ikhoza kupangika.
Dokotala wanu adzakuuzani bwino za zoopsa zonsezi.
Kodi mungakhale moyo wabwinobwino mukakhala pa dialysis?
Inde mungathe. Anthu ambiri omwe ali pa dialysis amachita ntchito zawo, miyoyo ya mabanja awo, komanso zosangalatsa zawo mwachizolowezi. Mutha kuyendanso. Ngati muli pa hemodialysis, dokotala wanu angakuthandizeni kulumikizana ndi malo oyeretsera magazi m'dera lanu. Ngati muli pa peritoneal dialysis, mutha kutenga matumba ndi makina ofunikira amadzimadzi.
Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi kwabwino. Komabe, ngati mukumwa peritoneal dialysis, mungafunike kuchepetsa kuchita zinthu zina zolemetsa pamene mimba yanu ili yodzaza ndi madzi. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za izi ndipo funsani upangiri.
Nthawi yoti muyimbire dokotala nthawi yomweyo
Ngati mukukumana ndi chimodzi kapena zingapo mwa zizindikiro zotsatirazi, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu mwamsanga.
| Khalidwe la chiopsezo | Kufotokozera |
|---|---|
| Zizindikiro za matenda | Malungo, kuzizira, mutu, ndi kutuluka magazi, kufiira, kapena kusintha mtundu kuchokera pamalo omwe ali ndi chubu. |
| Zizindikiro za kuthamanga kwa magazi kotsika | Chizungulire, kukomoka, ludzu losazolowereka. |
| Kupweteka m'mimba | Kupweteka kwambiri m'mimba kosalekeza (makamaka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi peritoneal dialysis). |
| Zina mwazinthu | Kuvutika kukodza, nseru ndi kusanza, kutupa kosazolowereka m'mimba kapena m'mimba (zizindikiro za hernia). |
Kutsegula impso ndi njira yofunikira kwambiri yoti ikukupatseni moyo wabwino mpaka mutapatsidwa impso ina. Imatenga nthawi yochepa ndipo imasintha kwambiri moyo wanu, koma imakupatsani moyo wanu.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Kutsegula m'mimba ndi njira yopulumutsira moyo wa impso, osati mankhwala.
- Pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu: hemodialysis ndi peritoneal dialysis. Dokotala wanu adzakuthandizani kusankha njira yoyenera kwa inu.
- Anthu ambiri amatha kukhala ndi moyo wotanganidwa, kuphatikizapo ntchito ndi banja, pamene akulandira chithandizo cha dialysis.
- Nthawi zonse samalani ndi zizindikiro za matenda, kupweteka kwambiri, komanso chizungulire. Ngati muli ndi nkhawa iliyonse, uzani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo.
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