Kuthamanga kwa magazi kwa portal: zomwe muyenera kudziwa

Tonsefe timadziwa za kuthamanga kwa magazi, kapena "kupanikizika." Koma kodi mudamvapo za vuto lomwe kuthamanga kwa magazi m'mitsempha yapadera yamagazi m'chiwindi mwathu kumawonjezeka? Mu zamankhwala, timatcha izi 'Portal Hypertension.' Ngakhale kuti dzinali ndi lovuta pang'ono, ili ndi vuto lomwe lingakhudze kwambiri thanzi la chiwindi chathu. Chifukwa chake musadandaule, lero tikambirana izi mosavuta, mwanjira yomwe mungamvetse.

Kodi kwenikweni vuto la kuthamanga kwa magazi la portal ndi chiyani?

Kuti timvetse izi, choyamba tiyeni tiwone chinthu chodabwitsa chomwe chimachitika m'matupi athu. Magazi onse olemera m'mimba, m'matumbo, ndi ndulu amasonkhana ndikupita ku chiwindi kudzera mu mtsempha umodzi waukulu. Mtsempha waukulu uwu umatchedwa "mtsempha wa portal." Kunena zoona, uwu ndiye magazi akuluakulu omwe amapita ku chiwindi.

Tsopano taganizirani kuti pali "kutsekeka kwa magalimoto" kwinakwake mu mtsempha waukulu uwu, kutanthauza mkati mwa chiwindi. Ngati china chake chawonongeka m'chiwindi ndipo mitsempha yaying'ono yamagazi mkati mwake yatsekeka, magazi omwe akubwera sangathe kuyenda bwino. Ndiye chimachitika ndi chiyani? Kuthamanga kwa magazi mu mtsempha waukulu wa portal ndi mitsempha ina yolumikizidwa nayo kumawonjezeka kwambiri. Ndicho chimene timachitcha Portal Hypertension .

Kupanikizika kumeneku kukakwera, magazi amayesa kuyenda kudzera m'mitsempha ina yaying'ono, yofooka. Kenako mitsempha imeneyo (makamaka yomwe ili m'khosi ndi m'mimba) imatupa, imakhala ngati baluni, ndipo imatha kuphulika mosavuta ndikutuluka magazi. Mitsempha yotupa iyi timaitcha kuti mitsempha yotupa . Ichi ndi vuto loopsa kwambiri la matendawa.

Kodi zifukwa zake ndi ziti?

Chifukwa chachikulu komanso chofala kwambiri cha Portal Hypertension ndi cirrhosis ya chiwindi . Mwachidule, cirrhosis ndi vuto lomwe chiwindi chimawonongeka nthawi zonse pazifukwa zina ndipo chiwindi chimakhala cholimba chifukwa cha zipsera zomwe zimapangidwa pamene mabala akuchira. Monga momwe chipsera chimapangikira pakhungu lathu chikachira bala. Chipsera ichi chimalepheretsa magazi kuyenda mkati mwa chiwindi.

Pali zifukwa zingapo zazikulu zomwe chiwindi chingawonongekere:

• Kumwa mowa mopitirira muyeso.
• Matenda opatsirana ndi mavairasi monga Hepatitis B ndi C.
• Matenda a Chiwindi Chonenepa.

Kupatula izi, vutoli lingayambitsidwenso ndi magazi kuundana mu mtsempha wa portal, matenda ena a parasitic (monga Schistosomiasis), ndi zina zomwe sizichitika kawirikawiri. Nthawi zina, palibe chifukwa chenicheni chomwe chingapezeke.

Kodi zizindikiro za Portal Hypertension ndi ziti?

Nthawi zambiri, palibe zizindikiro zenizeni kumayambiriro kwa matendawa. Zizindikiro zimangowoneka pamene mavuto omwe takambiranawa ayamba. Ngati dokotala wakuuzani kuti muli ndi matenda a chiwindi, ndikofunikira kwambiri kudziwa zizindikirozi.

Kodi mankhwala ake ndi otani?

Mwatsoka, chomwe chimayambitsa vuto la kuthamanga kwa magazi m'thupi (Portal Hypertension) sichingathe kuchiritsidwa kwathunthu nthawi zonse. Chifukwa chake, cholinga chachikulu cha chithandizo ndikupewa ndikuwongolera mavuto, makamaka kutuluka magazi kuchokera ku mitsempha ya varicose.

1. Chithandizo cha Endoscopic

Iyi ndi njira yoyamba yogwiritsira ntchito pochiza mitsempha ya varicose.

• Kuyika Chingwe: Endoscope, chubu chokhala ndi kamera, imayikidwa kudzera pakamwa ndipo lamba laling'ono la raba limayikidwa mozungulira mtsempha wamagazi, ndikutseka mtsempha.
• Chithandizo cha sclerotherapy:Izi zimaphatikizapo kubaya jakisoni wa mankhwala otsekereza magazi m'mitsempha.

2. Mankhwala

• Beta-blockers: Mankhwala monga Propranolol amachepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi m'mitsempha ya m'mimba ndipo amachepetsa chiopsezo cha kutuluka magazi.
• Mankhwala Ochepetsa Kutuluka kwa Madzi M'thupi: Ngati mimba yadzaza ndi madzi (ascites), mankhwala awa amaperekedwa kuti achotse madzi ochulukirapo m'thupi.
• Lactulose: Mankhwalawa amathandiza kuwongolera matenda a encephalopathy.

3. Kusintha kwa moyo

Iyi ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri.

• Siyani kumwa mowa kotheratu.
• Musamwe mankhwala ochepetsa ululu, mankhwala ena, kapena tiyi wa zitsamba musanafunse dokotala wanu kaye. Mankhwala ena akhoza kuvulaza chiwindi.
• Chepetsani kudya mchere (sodium). Idyani motsatira malangizo a dokotala wanu.
• Ngati muli ndi vuto la maganizo, mungapemphedwe kuti muchepetse kudya zakudya zokhala ndi mapuloteni ambiri.

Mankhwala ena enieni

Ngati njira zomwe zili pamwambapa sizikuthandiza kuchepetsa kutuluka magazi kapena kutupa kwa m'mimba, madokotala angagwiritse ntchito njira zovuta kwambiri. Izi zimagwira ntchito pochepetsa kupanikizika mu dongosolo la mitsempha ya portal.

• MABWINO (Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt): Iyi si opaleshoni. Mu izi, chubu chaching'ono (stent) chimayikidwa kudzera m'chiwindi motsogozedwa ndi X-ray, ndikupanga njira yatsopano pakati pa mtsempha wa portal ndi mtsempha wina womwe umatuluka m'chiwindi. Izi zimasintha kayendedwe ka magazi ndikuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi m'mitsempha. Iyi ndi njira yopambana yoposa 90%.
• DSRS (Distal Splenorenal Shunt): Iyi ndi opaleshoni. Pa opaleshoni iyi, mtsempha wa splenic umalumikizidwa ndi mtsempha wa impso yakumanzere. Izi zimachepetsanso kuthamanga kwa magazi ndikulamulira kuyenda kwa magazi. Komabe, izi sizigwiritsidwanso ntchito kawirikawiri.
• Kusamutsa Chiwindi: Iyi ikhoza kukhala njira yokhayo yothetsera matenda a chiwindi omwe afika pachimake.

Pambuyo pa chithandizo chotere, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti thanzi lanu likhale labwino kutsatira malangizo a dokotala komanso nthawi yokumana ndi dokotala nthawi yomweyo . Kujambula ndi kuyezetsa magazi komwe kumachitika panthawiyo kungathandize kudziwa ngati chithandizocho chapambana.