Kodi inunso mumamva ngati simuli nokha? Tiyeni tikambirane za izi (Dissociative Disorders)!

Kodi munayamba mwamvapo ngati dziko lomwe mukukhalamo si lenileni? Kapena ngati mukudziyang'ana nokha kuchokera kunja kwa thupi lanu? Kodi nthawi zina mumaiwala zinthu zofunika kwambiri? Ngati mumakhala ndi izi nthawi zonse, mwina muli ndi vuto la dissociative . Musadandaule, tikambirana izi m'njira yosavuta yomwe mungamvetse.

Kodi matenda osagwirizana ndi ziwalo awa ndi ati?

Mwachidule, vuto la kudzipatula ndi mtundu wa vuto la thanzi la maganizo. Ndi pamene mumadzimva kuti simukugwirizana ndi zenizeni zanu, thupi lanu, kapena zokumbukira zanu. Mawu akuti "kudzipatula" kwenikweni amatanthauza "kulekana." Amatanthauza kuti mumadzimva kuti simukugwirizana ndi anthu ena, dziko lozungulirani, kapena inu nokha.

Nthawi zambiri zinthu zimenezi zimachitika chifukwa cha kugwedezeka kwa nthawi yochepa kapena yayitali ('kuvulala') komwe kwakhala kukuchitikirapo nthawi ina m'moyo. Taganizirani izi ngati njira yotetezera maganizo. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, kugwedezeka kosapiririka kukachitika, maganizo 'amalekanitsidwa' kwakanthawi kuti athetse ululu. Koma zimakhala vuto ngati izi zipitirira.

Kodi mitundu ikuluikulu ya matenda osagwirizana ndi chiyani?

Pali mitundu itatu ikuluikulu ya matenda osagwirizana. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe zili.

1. Matenda Odzipatula (DID)

Izi ndi zomwe anthu ena amatcha "maumunthu ambiri." Chomwe chimachitika apa ndi chakuti munthu yemweyo ali ndi ma umunthu awiri kapena angapo osiyana . Timatcha ma umunthu awa kuti "amasintha." 'Kusintha kulikonse' kumalamulira khalidwe la munthuyo nthawi zosiyanasiyana. Ganizirani kuti si munthu yemweyo nthawi imodzi, koma nthawi ina. 'Kusintha' kulikonse kumatha kukhala ndi mbiri yakeyake, makhalidwe, zomwe amakonda ndi zomwe sakonda. Zili ngati kukhala ndi anthu ambiri mkati mwa thupi limodzi.

2. Kulephera Kuzindikira Matenda a Maganizo

Mu mkhalidwe uwu , mumataya chidziwitso chofunikira chokhudza moyo wanu. Kuiwala kumeneku kungakhale kokha pa chochitika china chake m'moyo wanu. Kapena mungaiwale gawo lalikulu la mbiri ya moyo wanu, mwina ngakhale amene inuyo muli.

3. Matenda Osasintha/Kusintha Zinthu Kukhala Zofunika

Mungathe kukhala ndi zokumana nazo zonse ziwiri mu izi, kapena mutha kukhala ndi chimodzi chokha.

• Kusachita zinthu monga munthu: Apa ndi pamene mumadziona kuti mulibe maganizo, malingaliro, ndi thupi lanu. Zili ngati mukuonera moyo wanu kuchokera kunja, ngati mukuonera filimu.
• Kusazindikira: Apa ndi pamene mumamva ngati chilengedwe, anthu, ndi zinthu zomwe zikukuzungulirani si zenizeni. Chilichonse chingawoneke ngati maloto, osamveka bwino.

Kuwonjezera pa izi , dissociative fuguePalinso chizindikiro chotchedwa "delusion." Chimaphatikizapo kutaya kukumbukira kwakanthawi ndikukhala pamalo osaganiziridwa popanda kuganiza kalikonse.

Popeza matenda osagwirizana ndi anthu ena ndi matenda okhudzana ndi zoopsa, anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi matendawa amathanso kukhala ndi mavuto ena amisala. Mwachitsanzo:

• Matenda Ovutika Maganizo Pambuyo pa Zoopsa (PTSD)
• Matenda a Borderline Personality (BPD)
• Matenda Ogwiritsa Ntchito Mankhwala Osokoneza Bongo
• Kuvutika maganizo
• Matenda Oda Nkhawa

Ndani amene amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi matenda amenewa?

Matenda osagwirizana ndi kugonana amatha kukhudza anthu azaka zilizonse, fuko lililonse, kapena chikhalidwe chilichonse cha anthu, koma akuti amapezeka kwambiri pakati pa akazi .

Anthu omwe adachitiridwa nkhanza mwakuthupi kapena kugonana ali ana ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda odzipatula (DID). M'maiko monga United States, Canada, ndi Europe, zapezeka kuti pafupifupi 90% ya anthu omwe ali ndi DID adachitiridwa nkhanza komanso kunyalanyazidwa ali ana.

Kodi matenda osagwirizana ndi anthu ndi ofala bwanji?

Matendawa ndi osowa kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, pafupifupi 2% ya anthu aku America ali ndi matendawa.

Kodi zizindikiro za matenda osagwirizana ndi ziwalo za thupi ndi ziti?

Zizindikirozi zimasiyana malinga ndi mtundu wa vuto. Zizindikirozi nthawi zambiri zimayamba kuonekera pambuyo pa chochitika choopsa. Zizindikirozi zimatha kukulirakulira panthawi yamavuto ndikusokoneza zochita za tsiku ndi tsiku.

Zizindikiro za matenda odziyimira pawokha (`DID`):

Munthu amene ali ndi `DID` ali ndi zizindikiro ziwiri kapena zingapo zosiyana. Chizindikiro cha `core` ndi umunthu wamba wa munthuyo. `Zosintha` ndi umunthu wina wa munthuyo.

`(alter)` iliyonse ili ndi makhalidwe akeake, malingaliro, zokhumba, zokumbukira, ndi njira zake zoganizira. Ena amatha kuzindikira kusiyana pakati pa `(alter)` awa, komanso kusiyana pakati pa munthu amene ali ndi `DID`. Kusintha kuchoka pa `(alter)` wina kupita ku wina kumachitika mosazindikira komanso mwadzidzidzi.

Chizindikiro china chachikulu cha DID ndi kulephera kukumbukira zochitika za tsiku ndi tsiku, zambiri zaumwini, ndi/kapena zochitika zoopsa zakale . Ngakhale zizindikirozi zingakhale zochepa kwa anthu ena, zimatha kukhudza kwambiri miyoyo ya ena.

Zizindikiro za Dissociative Amnesia:

Chizindikiro chachikulu ndi nthawi yadzidzidzi ya kulephera kukumbukira zinthu , zomwe zimatha kwa miyezi kapena zaka.

Pali mitundu itatu ikuluikulu ya kulephera kukumbukira zinthu:

• Malo: Kuiwala chochitika kapena nthawi inayake (iyi ndi mtundu wofala kwambiri).
• Zosankha:Zinthu zina zomwe zinachitika mkati mwa nthawi inayake ndi zomwe zimaiwalika.
• Zodziwika: Mumataya kukumbukira konse za umunthu wanu ndi mbiri ya moyo wanu (iyi ndi mtundu wosowa kwambiri).

Mwina simukudziwa za kutayika kwanu kwa kukumbukira, kapena mwina simukudziwa kwenikweni za izi. Koma anthu omwe ali pafupi nanu nthawi zambiri amatha kuzindikira kutayika kumeneku kwa kukumbukira.

Zizindikiro za Matenda Osadzionetsera/Osadzionetsera:

Mu mkhalidwe uwu, chimodzi kapena zonse ziwiri mwa izi zimachitika mobwerezabwereza kwa nthawi yayitali:

• Kusachita zinthu monga munthu: Kumva ngati wapatukana ndi maganizo ako, thupi lako, kapena iwe mwini, komanso kuti sukugwirizana ndi zenizeni. Ngati kuti ukuonera moyo wako ndi zochitika zako uli patali, osati kutenga nawo mbali mwachangu.
• Kusazindikira: Kumva ngati uli kutali ndi zomwe zikukuzungulira komanso kunja kwa zenizeni. Anthu ndi zinthu zingaoneke ngati zenizeni.

Pazochitikazi, mumadziwa bwino zomwe zikuchitika, ndipo mumadziwa kuti zomwe mukukumana nazo si zachilendo.

Zizindikiro zimenezi nthawi zina zimayamba ali ana. Avereji ya zaka zoyamba matendawa ndi pafupifupi zaka 16. Anthu osakwana 20% omwe ali ndi vutoli amakhala ndi vuto lawo loyamba akakwanitsa zaka 20.

Kodi ndi zifukwa ziti zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a dissociative?

Matenda osagwirizana nthawi zambiri amapezeka ngati njira yothanirana ndi vuto lalikulu kapena kupsinjika kwa nthawi yayitali, nkhanza, kapena kuvulala .

Izi zimachitika makamaka pamene zinthuzi zikuchitika ali aang'ono, ana akadali aang'ono. Izi zili choncho chifukwa panthawiyo, luso la mwana lomvetsa zomwe zikuchitika limakhala lochepa. Komanso, njira zothetsera vuto sizili bwino mokwanira. Thandizo ndi chithandizo zimapezeka pokhapokha ngati pali akuluakulu odalirika komanso odziwa zambiri.

Kudzipatula m'maganizo mwanu ku vuto lalikulu kungakhale njira yodzitetezera kwakanthawi kochepa yomwe imakuthandizani kuthawa ululu. Koma ngati njira yodzitetezerayi ikupitiliza kukulekanitsani ndi zenizeni, ndikuchotsa nthawi yonse mu kukumbukira kwanu, ndiye kuti imakhala vuto.

Zitsanzo za zochitika zoopsa:

• Kuzunzidwa mobwerezabwereza mwakuthupi, m'maganizo, kapena kugonana
• Ngozi
• Tsoka lachilengedwe
• Mikangano ya nkhondo
• Kukhala wozunzidwa ndi upandu

Posachedwapa, asayansi akhala akufufuza kapangidwe ndi ntchito za ubongo zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kugawanika kwa ubongo. Chomwe apeza n'chakuti panthawi yogawanika, ziwalo za ubongo zomwe zili mkati mwa ubongo zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kukumbukira zimasonyeza ntchito zina zozungulira, pomwe kulumikizana ndi ziwalo zina zomwe zimayang'anira kuganiza ndi kukonzekera kumaoneka ngati kwatayika .

Kodi mungazindikire bwanji matenda osagwirizana?

Madokotala amazindikira matenda osagwirizana ndi matenda mwa kufufuza mosamala zizindikiro zanu ndi mbiri yanu.

Dokotala wanu angafune mayeso kuti awone ngati pali matenda ena omwe angayambitse zizindikirozi (monga kulephera kukumbukira). Mwachitsanzo:

• Kuvulala mutu
• Zotupa za muubongo
• Kusowa tulo
• Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi/kapena mowa

Mukachotsa zomwe zimayambitsa matenda, mwina mudzatumizidwa kwa katswiri wa zamaganizo, monga dokotala wa zamaganizo kapena katswiri wa zamaganizo, yemwe adzakudziwitsani matenda kudzera mu kuyankhulana ndi kuwona zachipatala.

Akatswiri azaumoyo wamaganizo amagawa ndikuzindikira matenda osagwirizana pogwiritsa ntchito njira zochokera ku American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM).

Kodi matenda osagwirizana ndi anthu amachiritsidwa bwanji?

Chithandizo chachikulu cha matenda osagwirizana ndi maganizo ndi psychotherapy, kapena talk therapy. Izi zimakuthandizani kuthana ndi zizindikiro za kusagwirizana ndi maganizo.

Chithandizo cha maganizo chimaperekedwa ndi katswiri wodziwa bwino ntchito zamaganizo , monga katswiri wa zamaganizo kapena katswiri wa zamaganizo. Chimakupatsirani inu ndi/kapena banja lanu chithandizo, maphunziro, ndi chitsogozo kuti chikuthandizeni kuthana ndi mavuto a tsiku ndi tsiku ndikukweza thanzi lanu la maganizo.

Nazi njira zina zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pochiza matenda osagwirizana:

• Chithandizo cha Maganizo (CBT): Iyi ndi njira yokonzedwa bwino komanso yolunjika ya psychotherapy. Katswiri wanu wamaganizo amakuthandizani kuyang'ana mozama malingaliro ndi momwe mukumvera. Kudzera mu CBT, mutha kuphunzira kusiya malingaliro ndi machitidwe osafunikira ndikukhala ndi malingaliro ndi zizolowezi zabwino.
• Chithandizo cha Makhalidwe Okhudzana ndi Kulankhula (DBT): DBT yapangidwira anthu omwe ali ndi malingaliro amphamvu. Cholinga chachikulu ndikulinganiza kutsimikizira kuti ndinu ndani komanso mavuto anu ndi otani komanso ubwino wa kusintha. Katswiri wanu wamaganizo adzakuthandizani kuphunzira maluso atsopano kuti muwongolere luso lanu lolamulira malingaliro anu.

Njira yochizira ikhoza kukhala yovuta, chifukwa imaphatikizapo kukumbukira zochitika zakale zoopsa ndikuphunzira kuthana nazo. Komabe, pamapeto pake, zingathandize kwambiri kuchiza zizindikiro zanu .

Mankhwala ena omwe angathandize:

• Hypnosis ('Hypnosis' / 'Hypnotherapy'):Hypnosis ndi mkhalidwe wopumula kwambiri komanso woganizira kwambiri. Mukakhala mumkhalidwe wovuta, kuganizira kwambiri kumeneku kumakupatsani mwayi wonyalanyaza zosokoneza zachibadwa ndikukhala omasuka kumvera malingaliro omwe angakutsogolereni kuti musinthe zinthu kuti mukhale ndi thanzi labwino.
• Kuchepetsa Kusuntha kwa Maso ndi Kukonzanso (EMDR therapy): Izi zimaphatikizapo kusuntha maso anu m'njira zinazake pamene mukukonza zokumbukira zoopsa. Cholinga cha EMDR ndikukuthandizani kuchira ku zoopsa kapena zokumana nazo zina zopsinjika m'moyo. Poyerekeza ndi njira zina zochiritsira, EMDR ndi njira yatsopano.

Palibe mankhwala enieni a matenda osagwirizana ndi maganizo. Komabe, dokotala wanu angakulangizeni mankhwala, monga mankhwala oletsa kuvutika maganizo, kuti muchiritse matenda ena amisala omwe angakhalepo.

Kodi tsogolo la munthu amene ali ndi vuto la kudzipatula lidzakhala lotani?

Matenda a dissociative kwa munthu amene ali ndi matenda amenewa amatha kusiyana malinga ndi munthu.

Ndi chithandizo cha akatswiri (nthawi zambiri cha psychotherapy), anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi vuto la dissociative disorder amatha kuwongolera zizindikiro zawo zazikulu ndikugwira ntchito bwino tsiku ndi tsiku.

Koma kwa anthu ena, makamaka omwe ali ndi vuto la kudziona ngati munthu ...

Ngati inu kapena munthu wina wapafupi nanu akuganiza zodzipha, chonde imbani National Mental Health Helpline pa 1926. Winawake alipo maola 24 patsiku kuti akuthandizeni.

Kodi ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Ngati mukumva ngati muli ndi zizindikiro za matenda osagwirizana, lankhulani ndi dokotala kapena mlangizi wa zaumoyo wamaganizo nthawi yomweyo.

Monga momwe zilili ndi matenda ena aliwonse amisala, kufunafuna thandizo zizindikiro zikangoyamba kuonekera kungathandize kuchepetsa kusokonezeka kwa moyo wanu. Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zodzipatula, lankhulani ndi dokotala. Akatswiri azaumoyo wamaganizo angapereke njira zothandizira kuti akuthandizeni kuthana ndi vuto lanu.

Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba Kuchokera ku Zimene Tanena

Chabwino, tiyeni tikukumbutseni mfundo zina zofunika kwambiri kuchokera pa zomwe takambirana.

• Matenda a dissociative ndi matenda amisala omwe angachitike chifukwa cha kuvulala kwambiri .
• Chizindikiro chachikulu ndichakuti mumamva kuti mulibe ubale ndi inu nokha, zokumbukira zanu, kapena dziko lomwe mukukhalamo .
• Matenda a dissociative identity disorder (DID), dissociative amnesia, ndi depersonalization/reality disorder ndi mitundu ikuluikulu.
• Matendawa ndi osowa, koma pali mankhwala.
• Chithandizo chachikulu ndi psychotherapy.
• Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro izi, musachite mantha kapena kuchita manyazi kufunafuna upangiri wa dokotala. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kupeza thandizo mwachangu.
• Simuli nokha. Pali anthu ambiri omwe akukumana ndi mavuto amenewa, ndipo palinso ena omwe angakuthandizeni.

Kumbukirani, kuzindikira za vutoli, kulankhula za vutoli, ndi kufunafuna thandizo ndi njira zazikulu zopezeranso ulamuliro pa moyo wanu.

Matenda Osagwirizana, Thanzi la Maganizo, Kuvulala, Kutaya Memory, Psychotherapy, DID, Depersonalization