Kodi nthawi zina mumamva ngati simuli nokha? Kodi iyi ndi matenda a umunthu wambiri? (Dissociative Identity Disorder - DID)

Kodi munayamba mwamvapo ngati mulibe mphamvu pa zomwe munanena kapena kuchita, kapena kuti simunali inu nokha? Kapena, kodi munayiwalapo zomwe munanena kapena kuchita, ndipo munadabwa ena akamalankhula za izo? Lero tikambirana za vuto la maganizo lovuta koma lofunika kwambiri lomwe anthu ambiri sadziwa. Uwu ndi matenda omwe timatcha matenda ambiri aumunthu, kapena matenda amisala `(Dissociative Identity Disorder - DID)` . Kale linkatchedwa `(Multiple Personality Disorder)`.

Kodi vuto la umunthu wambiri (DID) ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, `(Dissociative Identity Disorder - DID)` ndi vuto la maganizo lomwe mumamva kapena kuchita ngati muli ndi umunthu wina kapena zingapo m'maganizo ndi m'thupi mwanu kupatula inu nokha. Ganizirani ngati muli ndi anthu osiyanasiyana omwe amakhala mkati mwa thupi lanu. Mawu akuti ``Dissociate`` amatanthauza ``kulekana`` kapena ``kuleka kugwirizana``` .

Munthu amene ali ndi vutoli akhoza kukhala ndi umunthu wosiyanasiyana (zomwe madokotala amatcha "kusintha"). "Kusintha" kulikonse, kapena umunthu, kungakhale ndi makhalidwe akeake, zokumbukira, njira zoganizira, njira zolankhulirana, zomwe amakonda ndi zomwe sakonda, ndipo nthawi zina ngakhale zaka ndi jenda. Nthawi zina umunthu umenewu ukhoza kuchita zinthu ngati anthu amitundu yosiyanasiyana ndikuchita zinthu mosiyana ndi malo awo.

Anthu osiyanasiyana amenewa amatha kulamulira khalidwe lanu nthawi zosiyanasiyana. Choopsa kwambiri n'chakuti zokumbukira sizimasamutsidwa kuchoka pa umunthu wina kupita ku wina. Izi zingayambitse kutayika kwa kukumbukira kapena kutayika kwa kukumbukira (kukumbukira) . Kutayika kwa kukumbukira kumeneku ndi chimodzi mwa zizindikiro zofunika kwambiri zomwe madokotala amasamala nazo akamazindikira matendawa.

DID ikhoza kukhala matenda aakulu omwe angasokoneze luso lanu lochita zinthu tsiku ndi tsiku. Ingakhudze ubale wanu ndi banja lanu ndi anzanu, ntchito yanu ya kusukulu, komanso ntchito yanu. DID ndi matenda omwe ali m'gulu la matenda amisala otchedwa dissociative disorders. Matendawa amakhudza kuthekera kwanu kulumikizana ndi zenizeni.

Kodi pali mitundu ya ma DID awa?

Inde, pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya `DID`:

1. Mtundu wa kukhala ndi munthu: Apa ndi pamene munthu wakunja kapena mzimu umatenga thupi lanu ndipo ena amaona kuti mwagwidwa ndi munthu. Mwadzidzidzi mumayamba kulankhula ndi kuchita zinthu mosiyana, zomwe zimaonekera kwa ena. Uku ndi kusintha kwa umunthu komwe simukufuna, ndipo kusintha kwa umunthu kumachitika popanda ulamuliro wanu. Izi siziyenera kusokonezedwa ndi 'kusakhulupirira' komwe zikhulupiriro zathu zina zimatchula. DID ndi matenda amisala.

2. Fomu yosakhala ya mwini:Pankhaniyi, kusintha kwa umunthu sikuonekera bwino kwa ena. Mungamve mwadzidzidzi kusintha kwa umunthu wanu. Zingamveke ngati mukuoneredwa mufilimu (`(experience out-of-body)`), ndipo mungamve ngati simukulamulira malankhulidwe anu, malingaliro anu, ndi khalidwe lanu.

Chofunika kwambiri, lingaliro la 'kukhala ndi chuma' ndi chikhulupiriro chofala m'zikhalidwe ndi zipembedzo zosiyanasiyana padziko lonse lapansi. Komabe, machitidwe auzimu odzipereka oterewa alibe chochita ndi 'DID'.

Kodi DID ndi yofala bwanji?

DID si vuto lofala . Kafukufuku waung'ono ku United States adapeza kuti lingakhudze pafupifupi 1.5% ya anthu. Komabe, kuyerekezera kumeneku kungasinthe ndi njira zatsopano zodziwira matenda (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition - DSM-5)).

Kodi zizindikiro za DID ndi ziti?

Zizindikiro zazikulu za `DID` ndi izi:

• Kukhala ndi umunthu wosiyana (mkhalidwe wa umunthu) osachepera awiri. Izi zimakhudza khalidwe lanu, kukumbukira kwanu, momwe mumaonera nokha, ndi momwe mumaganizira.
• Kutaya kukumbukira (kukumbukira zinthu zakale) kapena mipata yokumbukira zochitika za tsiku ndi tsiku, zambiri zaumwini, ndi zochitika zoopsa. Nthawi zina, simungakumbukire zinthu kwa maola kapena masiku.
• Kusokonezeka mu ubale wanu ndi anthu, ntchito, ntchito zapakhomo, kapena ntchito za kusukulu chifukwa cha kusiyana kwa umunthu.

Kuphatikiza apo, mavuto amisala otsatirawa nthawi zina (koma osati nthawi zonse) amatha kuwoneka ndi DID:

• Nkhawa
• Kunyenga - kukhulupirira zinthu zomwe si zoona.
• Kuvutika maganizo
• Kudzipweteketsa
• Matenda ogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo
• Lingaliro lofuna kudzipha

Kodi munthu amene ali ndi DID amamva bwanji?

Ngati muli ndi `DID`, mungamve kapena kukumana ndi zinthu monga:

• Kumva kuti simukugwirizana ndi zenizeni, malingaliro anu, ndi lingaliro lanu la "Ine".
• Kusokonezeka ndi zomwe ena amanena zokhudza khalidwe lanu. (Mwachitsanzo, munthu akanena kuti, "Unanena zimenezo dzulo," sungakumbukire konse.)
• Kukhumudwa ndi mipata yomwe ili mu kukumbukira kwanu .
• Kumva kupanikizika kwambiri chifukwa chosatha kulamulira chilichonse.
• Zili ngati kuti ukuonedwa kuchokera kumbuyo, ukumva ngati wowonera wakunja .

Mwachidule, mukakhala ndi `DID` simumva ngati ndinu "mwiniwake". Izi zingamveke mosiyana kwa munthu aliyense. Ngati mukumva ngati chinachake sichili bwino, ngati zomwe mwakumana nazo ndi zokumbukira zanu sizikugwirizana, onani dokotala ndikukambirana za izi.

Kodi n'zotheka kuti munthu asadziwe kuti wachita izi?

Inde, n'zotheka.Ngakhale anthu ena amadziwa za umunthu wawo wosiyanasiyana, ambiri sadziwa nthawi imene umunthu watsopano umatuluka ndikuyamba kuulamulira. Munthu watsopano akatuluka, simungakumbukire zochitika zina chifukwa zochitikazo zinachitikira munthu wina. Izi ndi zomwe zimayambitsa kulephera kukumbukira, kapena "kukumbukira zinthu mopupuluma".

Kodi zifukwa za DID ndi ziti?

Chifukwa chachikulu cha DID chimaganiziridwa kuti ndi zochitika zoopsa komanso zoopsa zomwe zimachitika ali mwana. Izi zingaphatikizepo:

• Zochitika zovutitsa maganizo
• Kuvulala
• Nkhanza zakuthupi, zogonana kapena zamaganizo (Nkhanza)
• Kunyalanyaza

Maganizo akakumana ndi zokumana nazo zotere ali aang'ono, amayesa kudziteteza. `DID` ndi njira yodzitetezera yomwe maganizo amagwiritsa ntchito kuti adziteteze ku zoopsa zoopsa ngati zimenezi. Zili ngati kuika zomwe zachitikazo m'bokosi lina ndikubisa kwinakwake m'maganizo.

Zizindikiro za DID zimatha kuyamba chifukwa cha:

• Mukachoka pamalo ovutitsa maganizo kapena ovutitsa maganizo (monga nyumba yosamuka).
• Wachibale wanu wapafupi kapena mwana wanu, mukafika msinkhu umene ngoziyo inakuchitikirani.
• Posachedwapa ndakumana ndi vuto la kupsinjika maganizo kapena kupsinjika maganizo (monga ngozi yaikulu yagalimoto).
• Munthu amene akukuzunzani akamwalira kapena akadwala matenda oopsa.

Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a DID?

Mungakhale pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda a DID ngati mwakumanapo ndi chilichonse mwa izi:

• Kuzunzidwa mwakuthupi kapena kugonana uli mwana.
• Kunyalanyazidwa ndi makolo kapena osamalira.
• Kuchitidwa opaleshoni kapena njira zingapo zachipatala ali mwana.
• Kukumana ndi zinthu monga nkhondo kapena uchigawenga.

Kodi ndi mavuto ati omwe angakhalepo chifukwa cha DID?

Anthu omwe ali ndi DID ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chodzipha . Oposa 70% a omwe apezeka ndi DID amayesa kudzipha kapena amachita zinthu zodzivulaza.

Ngati mukudzipha, chonde funani thandizo nthawi yomweyo. Ku United States, mutha kuyimba 988 kapena kutumiza uthenga ku Suicide & Crisis Lifeline. Lumikizanani ndi bungwe la zaumoyo wamaganizo ladzidzidzi m'dziko lanu. Simuli nokha, pali wina amene angakuthandizeni.

Kodi madokotala amazindikira bwanji DID?

DID nthawi zambiri imayesedwa ndi dokotala wa matenda amisala kapena wamaganizo. Amatenga mbiri yanu yonse yazachipatala ndikukufunsani za zizindikiro zanu. Nthawi zina amathanso kupeza chidziwitso kuchokera kwa anthu omwe amakudziwani bwino komanso omwe amakhala nanu nthawi yayitali. Nthawi zambiri, munthu wapafupi nanu ndiye woyamba kuzindikira kusintha kwa umunthu wanu ndikuwonetsa nkhawa.

Palibe mayeso amodzi oti mupeze DID. Dokotala wanu adzakuyezani thupi ndi mayeso a mitsempha kuti apeze matenda ena omwe angayambitse zizindikiro zanu. Kenako adzayerekeza zizindikiro zanu ndi zomwe zili mu Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, kope lachisanu (DSM-5), buku lotsogolera kuchokera ku American Psychiatric Association.

Kuphatikiza apo, dokotala wanu angagwiritse ntchito mafunso osiyanasiyana kapena masikelo kuti awone khalidwe lanu lodzipatula. Zitsanzo zina ndi izi:

• Mulingo wa Zochitika Zosiyana: Izi zimafunsa mafunso 28 okhudza zomwe mumakumana nazo tsiku ndi tsiku.
• Mafunso Okhudza Kudzipatula: Pali mafunso 63 oti muyesere kuopsa kwa kudzipatula.
• Mavuto mu Mlingo Wolamulira Maganizo: Pali mafunso 36 okhudza momwe mumalamulira malingaliro anu.

Popeza chiopsezo chodzipha chili chachikulu pakati pa anthu omwe ali ndi DID, dokotala adzakufunsaninso mafunso okhudza zimenezo.

Kodi DID nthawi zambiri imapezeka liti?

Zizindikiro za DID nthawi zambiri zimawonekera ali ana, pakati pa zaka 5 ndi 10. Komabe, makolo, osamalira ana, aphunzitsi, ndi madokotala angaphonye kapena kusamvetsetsa zizindikiro zoyambirirazi. Angasokoneze DID ndi zovuta zina zamakhalidwe kapena kuphunzira, monga Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Zotsatira zake, DID nthawi zambiri imapezeka akakula.

Popeza DID ndi matenda osowa kwambiri ndipo ali ndi zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana, zingatenge nthawi kuti ngakhale madokotala odziwa bwino ntchito apeze matenda olondola.

Kodi mankhwala a DID ndi ati?

Zotsatirazi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala a DID:

• Mankhwala oletsa zizindikiro monga kuvutika maganizo ndi nkhawa.
• Kuchiza Maganizo . Mwachitsanzo, Kuchiza Maganizo Okhudza Maganizo (CBT) kapena Kuchiza Maganizo Okhudza Maganizo (DBT).

Gawo loyamba la chithandizo nthawi zonse ndikuonetsetsa kuti muli otetezeka. Dokotala wodziwa bwino za matenda amisala angakutumizireni chithandizo choyenera. Chithandizo chimayang'ana kwambiri kukwaniritsa zosowa zanu.

Chithandizo cha maganizo (uphungu) cha DID

Chithandizo cha maganizo cha DID chimayang'ana kwambiri pa:

• Kuzindikira ndi kuthana ndi zochitika zoopsa zakale.
• Kusamalira kusintha kwadzidzidzi kwa khalidwe.
• Kuyesa kuphatikiza umunthu wosiyana kukhala umunthu umodzi, wogwirizana .

Mungapindule ndi chithandizo cha munthu payekha, gulu, kapena banja.

Kumbukirani, kutenga nawo mbali mu psychotherapy kungakhale kovuta. Muyenera kukambirana ndi kubwereranso ku zovuta komanso zopweteka zomwe mukukumana nazo m'maganizo mwanu. Izi zingakupangitseni kukhala ndi nkhawa, kusowa chochita, mantha, komanso kusungulumwa. Koma simuli nokha. Wothandizira wanu ndi okondedwa anu alipo kuti akuthandizeni ndikukuthandizani.

Kodi hypnosis ingathandize?

Madokotala ena amalimbikitsa kupumira thupi limodzi ndi psychotherapy. Kupumira thupi ndi njira yosinkhasinkha motsogozedwa. Ena amakhulupirira kuti kungathandize kubweretsa zikumbukiro zobisika.

Kodi DID ikhoza kuchiritsidwa kwathunthu?

Mwatsoka, palibe mankhwala a DID. Komabe, zizindikiro zanu zimatha kusintha. Muyenera kuthana ndi vutoli moyo wanu wonse. Ngakhale izi zingawoneke zovuta, dokotala wanu angakuthandizeni kupeza chithandizo choyenera kapena kuphatikiza mankhwala omwe angathandize zizindikiro zanu kulamulira moyo wanu.

Kodi DID ingapewedwe?

Palibe njira yeniyeni yopewera DID. Komabe, kuzindikira msanga ndi chithandizo kungathandize kuthana ndi zizindikiro. Makolo, osamalira ana, ndi aphunzitsi ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa zizindikiro izi mwa ana aang'ono. Kuchiza msanga nkhanza kapena kuvulala kungalepheretse DID kukhala yoopsa kwambiri.

Chithandizo chingakuthandizeninso kuzindikira "zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa kusintha kwa umunthu wanu kapena umunthu wanu. Zinthu monga kuchepetsa kupsinjika maganizo, kupewa mankhwala osokoneza bongo, komanso kupewa kumwa mowa mopitirira muyeso zingathandize kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa nthawi yomwe mumakhala mukumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Kodi pali njira zopezera moyo wosavuta ndi DID?

Nthawi zonse tsatirani ndondomeko ya chithandizo ya dokotala wanu. Izi zingaphatikizepo kumwa mankhwala anu monga momwe mwalangizidwira ndi kupitiriza kulandira chithandizo ngakhale mutakhala bwino. Ngati zinthu zikuwoneka zovuta kapena ngati mukumva ngati zikuipiraipira m'malo mokhala bwino, dziwitsani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo. Kenako akhoza kusintha ndondomeko yanu ya chithandizo malinga ndi momwe mukufunira pa moyo wanu wonse.

Kukhala ndi chithandizo champhamvu kungakuthandizeni kwambiri kukhala ndi DID. Onetsetsani kuti muli ndi madokotala, achibale, ndi anzanu omwe akukuzungulirani omwe akumvetsa vuto lanu. Lankhulani momasuka komanso moona mtima ndi omwe ali mu chithandizo chanu. Musaope kupempha thandizo mukafuna thandizo.

Ngati wokondedwa wanu wadwala, mungamuthandize bwanji?

Kupeza kuti munthu amene mumamukonda ali ndi DID kungakhale kovuta komanso kotopetsa kwa inu. Mwina simungadziwe momwe mungayankhire chifukwa cha umunthu wake wosiyana (kusintha) kapena makhalidwe ake. Umu ndi momwe mungathandizire:

• Dziwani za DID ndi zizindikiro zake. Kumvetsetsa ndiye gawo loyamba.
• Fotokozani kufunitsitsa kwanu kutenga nawo mbali mu uphungu wa mabanja kapena magulu othandizira ndi wokondedwa wanu.
• Khalani bata ndi kuthandizira pakachitika kusintha kwadzidzidzi kwa khalidwe.

Kodi muyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Nthawi zina mungachepetse mphamvu ya zizindikiro zanu pa moyo wanu watsiku ndi tsiku. Mungaganize kuti, "Izi si nkhani yaikulu." Koma ngati mukuganiza kuti pali vuto ndi kudziona kwanu, kukumbukira kwanu, kapena momwe mumagwirira ntchito, chonde pitani kwa dokotala.

Ngati inu kapena munthu amene mumamudziwa ali ndi DID ndipo akuwonetsa zotsatirazi, pitani kuchipatala nthawi yomweyo:

• Kudzipweteketsa
• Maganizo odzipha
• Khalidwe lachiwawa

Ku United States, mutha kulumikizana ndi Suicide and Crisis Lifeline poyimba kapena kutumiza uthenga ku 988. Foni iyi imakulumikizani ku malo opezeka anthu omwe ali ndi mavuto omwe amapereka chithandizo chaulere komanso chachinsinsi. Malo opezeka anthuwa amapereka chithandizo maola 24 patsiku, masiku asanu ndi awiri pa sabata kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lodzipha kapena omwe akukumana ndi mavuto amaganizo. Ngati inu kapena wokondedwa wanu muli pachiwopsezo, imbani 911 kapena nambala yanu yadzidzidzi yapafupi. (Ku Sri Lanka, imbani 1990 kuti mupeze Suwaseriya Ambulance Service kapena 119 kuti mupeze apolisi.)

Pomaliza, zomwe muyenera kukumbukira (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

Matenda a Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID) ndi matenda amisala omwe munthu amakhala ndi makhalidwe awiri kapena angapo osiyana. Angachitike ngati njira yoti maganizo ake athawire ku zovuta zomwe adakumana nazo m'moyo wake. Kuti mudziteteze, kuti mupitirire patsogolo, mwina mwayika zoopsazo m'bokosi ndikuzibisa kumbuyo kwa malingaliro anu.

Ngakhale kuti DID ingakuthandizeni kuthawa zenizeni, ingakuthandizeninso kutali ndi okondedwa anu komanso inuyo. Mlangizi wa zaumoyo wamaganizo angakuthandizeni kutsegula bokosilo mosamala mukakonzeka ndikulimbana ndi zovuta izi. Pamodzi, mutha kumvetsetsa bwino mavuto omwe mwakumana nawo ndikuwathetsa m'njira yabwino. Pamene mukuchita chithandizo chamankhwala, zingakhale zothandiza kwambiri kumanga njira yolimba yothandizira anthu omwe mungawadalire mukamamva ngati simuli nokha. Kumbukirani, simuli nokha mukamachita ndi DID.

Pakapita nthawi, ndi chithandizo choyenera, mutha kugwira ntchito bwino ndikukhala ndi ulamuliro wambiri pa "iwe" weniweni. Musataye mtima.

Matenda a Munthu Wambiri , Matenda a Dissociative Identity, DID, Thanzi la Maganizo, Makhalidwe, Kutaya Memory, Kuvulala, Matenda a Munthu Wambiri