Kodi inunso mumavutika kugona? Kodi mumafuula? Tiyeni tiphunzire za matenda a REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD)!

Kodi mnzanu kapena munthu wina m'banja mwanu anakuwuzanipo kuti mukulira, kugwedezeka, ndipo nthawi zina mumagwira munthu wina mu tulo tanu? Mwinanso munadzuka ndi bala pathupi lanu ndipo munadzifunsa kuti, "Chachitika ndi chiyani kwa ine?" Izi sizingakhale maloto oipa okha. Lero, tikambirana za khalidwe lachilendo la kugona, lotchedwa REM Sleep Behavior Disorder, kapena RBD.

Kodi vuto la `REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD)` ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, `REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD)` ndi pamene muli mu `REM (Rapid Eye Movement)` ya tulo, ndipo mumachitadi maloto anu, kutanthauza, kuchita zinthu zomwe mumachita m'maloto anu, kulankhula m'maloto anu. Simudziwa izi mukamachita zinthuzi. Vuto la `RBD` ili lili m'gulu la `parasomnia`. `Parasomnia` ndi vuto la tulo lomwe limadziwika ndi zochitika zachilendo komanso zosafunikira kapena zochitika zomwe zimasokoneza tulo.

Tikagona, pali magawo osiyanasiyana a tulo. Limodzi mwa magawo amenewa limatchedwa `REM sleep` . `REM` imayimira `Rapid Eye Movement`. Apa ndi pamene maso amayenda mofulumira. Apa ndi pamene nthawi zambiri timalota maloto owoneka bwino komanso omveka bwino. Timadutsa mu `REM` maulendo awa kangapo usiku. `REM` yoyamba imayamba pafupifupi mphindi 90 titagona, ndipo imatenga pafupifupi mphindi 10. `REM` iliyonse yotsatira imakhala yayitali.

Pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya `RBD`:

1. `Matenda a RBD Osakhazikika`: Izi zikutanthauza kuti vutoli limachitika popanda chifukwa chenicheni. Tsoka ilo, anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi `matenda a RBD okhazikika` amatha kukhala ndi `matenda a neurodegenerative` (matenda omwe amafooketsa pang'onopang'ono dongosolo la mitsempha). Makamaka, matenda monga `matenda a Parkinson` (matenda a Parkinson), `matenda a Lewy body dementia` (matenda a Lewy body dementia) kapena `matenda a multiple system (MSA)` (matenda a multiple system atrophy). Matendawa amatchedwanso `alpha-synucleinopathies`.

2. Matenda a RBD (achiwiri): Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha vuto lina. Mwachitsanzo, zimatha kuchitika mwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la kugona lotchedwa Type 1 narcolepsy . Ngati munthu ali ndi alpha-synucleinopathy ndi RBD zomwe zatchulidwa pamwambapa, zimaonedwanso kuti ndi matenda a RBD achiwiri.

Komanso, anthu omwe akumwa mankhwala ena oletsa kuvutika maganizo amatha kukhala ndi RBD. Izi zimatchedwa RBD yomwe imayambitsa mankhwala .

Popeza `RBD` iyi ingayambitse mavuto osayembekezereka kwa inu kapena munthu amene mukugona naye, ndikofunikira kwambiri kudziwa izi ndikupempha chithandizo ngati pakufunika kutero.

Ndani amene ali ndi mwayi waukulu wopeza RBD?

Matenda a REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD) nthawi zambiri amakhudza anthu azaka zopitilira 50.Avereji ya zaka zomwe matendawa amayamba ndi zaka pafupifupi 61. Komabe, nthawi zambiri, vutoli limatha kuchitikanso kwa ana aang'ono ndi achinyamata.

Pakati pa anthu azaka zopitirira 50, amuna ali ndi mwayi wopeza RBD woposa akazi pafupifupi nthawi zisanu ndi zinayi .

Matenda a RBD amagwirizanitsidwa kwambiri ndi matenda enaake a neurodegenerative. Monga tanenera kale, zapezeka kuti anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi RBD yosiyana (idiopathic) (monga RBD yomwe imachitika popanda chifukwa china chilichonse) amakhala ndi matenda a Parkinson, Lewy body dementia, kapena multiple system atrophy (MSA) mkati mwa zaka 14 kuchokera pamene adapezeka ndi matendawa .

Pafupifupi 36% ya anthu omwe ali ndi `Type 1 narcolepsy` akhoza kukhala ndi `RBD` yachiwiri. Ndipo pafupifupi 6% ya anthu omwe akumwa mankhwala oletsa kuvutika maganizo akhoza kukhala ndi `RBD yochokera ku mankhwala`.

Kodi RBD ndi yofala bwanji?

Matenda a REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD) ndi matenda osowa kwambiri . Amakhudza pafupifupi 1% ya anthu onse. Mwa anthu azaka zopitilira 50, ndi pafupifupi 2%.

Koma ziwerengerozi zitha kukhala zochepa kuposa momwe zilili, chifukwa RBD imatha kukhala yovuta kuzindikira, ndipo pafupifupi theka la anthu omwe ali ndi vutoli sadziwa ngakhale kuti ali nalo .

Kodi zizindikiro za `RBD` ndi ziti?

Zizindikiro za `RBD` zimatha kusiyana malinga ndi munthu. Anthu ena amakumana nazo pafupipafupi, pomwe ena sakumana nazo kawirikawiri. Munthu akagona, angamve ngati akulota maloto oipa. Nazi zina zomwe zingachitike:

• Mnofu pa thupi langa umayenda pang'onopang'ono, miyendo yanga ikugwedezeka.
• Kulankhula, kufuula, ndipo nthawi zina mawu oipa amanenedwa.
• Amayesa kumenya kapena kugwira munthu, kapena amatha kumenya kapena kumenyetsa munthuyo pabedi.
• Kudumpha kuchokera pabedi, kugwa pansi.

Tangoganizirani, mnzanu, Nilanthi, ndi mwamuna wake, Sugat, akugona usiku ndipo mwadzidzidzi akufuula kuti "Dikirani! Dikirani!" ndipo akutambasula manja awo ngati kuti akufuna kumenya winawake. Nthawi zina Sugat amagwa pabedi ndikudzivulaza. Akadzuka m'mawa, Sugat sakumbukira chilichonse, koma amakumbukira maloto omwe adalota. Umu ndi momwe 'ma RBD' amakhalira.

Akuti anthu asanu ndi atatu mwa khumi omwe ali ndi RBD amavutika ndi tulo tofa nato .

Zochitikazi zimatha kuchitika kamodzi kapena kangapo munthu akagona tulo tofa nato. Anthu ena amakumana nazo usiku uliwonse, pomwe ena sakumana nazo kawirikawiri. Zizindikiro zake zimakhala zoopsa kwambiri munthu akamalota maloto oipa komanso oopsa.

Chofunika ndichakuti, simudziwa nthawi yomwe zinthuzi zimachitika. Anthu ambiri amadziwa zimenezi pokhapokha ngati wina ali pabedi awauza, kapena ngati wina ali kunyumba akuwaona, kapena akadzuka m'mawa ali ndi bala pathupi lawo.

Ngati wina akudzutsani nthawi ino, mutha kudzuka mosavuta. Mukadzuka, mumakhala tcheru ndipo mumakumbukira maloto anu. Izi zimatchedwa 'zoopsa za usiku'.Ndi zosiyana ndi 'mantha ausiku'. N'zovuta kudzutsa munthu, ndipo ngakhale akadzuka, amaoneka kuti akusokonezeka kwambiri komanso asokonezeka.

Nthawi zina anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la `Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)` (kuletsa kupuma panthawi yogona) amathanso kuwonetsa zizindikiro izi. Izi zimatchedwa `pseudo RBD` . Mwa anthu otere, `OSA` ikachiritsidwa, machitidwewo amatha.

Kodi zifukwa za `RBD` ndi ziti?

Kawirikawiri, tikakhala mu tulo ta 'REM', tikamalota, minofu yathu yambiri (makamaka minofu ya mafupa) imataya ntchito yake kwakanthawi. Izi zimatchedwa 'minofu atonia' . Izi zimachitika kuti titha kulota motetezeka popanda kuchita zinthu zomwe tikuchita m'maloto athu. Tangoganizirani zomwe zingachitike titakhala kuti sitinachite zimenezo! Ngati titathamangadi m'maloto athu ndikudumphadi m'maloto athu, tingakumane ndi ngozi, eti?

Koma anthu omwe ali ndi RBD sakumana ndi kutayika kwakanthawi kwa ntchito ya minofu yotchedwa muscle atonia. Ndicho chifukwa chake amachita zinthu mosazindikira ndikukambirana za zomwe amachita m'maloto awo. Ofufuza sakumvetsabe chifukwa chake izi zimachitika. Pali njira zambiri zovuta za mitsempha zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi kugona kwa REM.

Zifukwa za 'RBD Yopatukana (yosadziwika)'

Lingaliro limodzi lalikulu ndilakuti RBD yodzipatula (idiopathic) imayamba chifukwa cha vuto la pons, lomwe ndi gawo la ubongo, lomwe limayambitsa atonia ya minofu panthawi ya REM sleep. Maselo ena mu pons amalamulira kufooka kwa minofu panthawi ya REM sleep. Zilonda mu pons zalumikizidwanso ndi matenda a Parkinson, Lewy body dementia, ndi MSA. Chifukwa cha mgwirizano wamphamvu pakati pa RBD yodzipatula ndi matenda awa, ofufuza amakhulupirira kuti vuto mu pons lingakhale chifukwa chake.

Kafukufuku wina anasonyeza kuti 97% ya anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a 'RBD' omwe ali okhaokha amakhala ndi matenda amitsempha mkati mwa zaka 14 kuchokera pamene adapezeka ndi matenda a 'RBD', ndipo matenda a 'Parkinson' ndiwo ofala kwambiri.

Zifukwa za `Secondary (symptomatic RBD)`

Anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la narcolepsy amakhala ndi mankhwala ochepa mu ubongo otchedwa orexin kapena hypocretin . Mankhwalawa amawongolera kugona, kudzuka, komanso chilakolako. Mankhwalawa akakhala ochepa, amatha kusokoneza kugona kwa REM, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti munthu adwale matenda a RBD.

Zifukwa za 'RBD Yoyambitsidwa ndi Mankhwala'

Ofufuza amakhulupirira kuti RBD yomwe imayamba chifukwa cha mankhwala ena oletsa kuvutika maganizo ingakhale chifukwa cha kusalingana kwa dopamine ndi serotonin , zomwe zimakhudzana ndi kugona kwa REM.

Kodi mungazindikire bwanji `RBD`? (Kuzindikira)

Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro za `RBD`, muyenera kuwona dokotala.Dokotala adzakufunsani za zizindikiro zanu komanso mbiri yanu yachipatala. Ngati muli ndi munthu amene mumagona naye kapena achibale anu, dokotalayo angawafunsenso za momwe mumagona.

Dokotala adzakuyesani thupi lanu ndikukuyesani matenda amitsempha. Muthanso kutumizidwa kwa katswiri wa za tulo.

Kuti mudziwe ngati muli ndi RBD, muyenera kuchita kafukufuku wa tulo wa pa labu, womwe umadziwikanso kuti polysomnogram (PSG) . Izi nthawi zambiri zimachitika kuchipatala kapena malo ogona, komwe mumakhala usiku wonse mukuyang'aniridwa ndi kamera. Kuyesaku kumalemba zinthu zotsatirazi zokhudza thupi lanu pamene mukugona:

• Kugunda kwa mtima.
• Kuthamanga kwa mpweya ndi mpweya.
• Ntchito ya mafunde a ubongo.
• Kusuntha kwa maso.
• Kusuntha kwa minofu ya chibwano chanu ndi miyendo yakumtunda.

Malinga ndi International Classification of Sleep Disorders, Third Edition (ICSD-3), zonsezi ziyenera kukhalapo kuti munthu apezeke ndi RBD:

• Mumakhala ndi zochitika zomwe mumalankhula muli mtulo kapena mumachita mayendedwe ovuta.
• Makhalidwe amenewa ayenera kutsimikiziridwa ndi mayeso a polysomnography (PSG) ndipo ayenera kuchitika panthawi ya REM sleep. Kapena, kutengera mbiri yanu yachipatala, ayenera kuti akusonyeza kuti muli ndi REM sleep.
• Mayeso a `PSG` ayenera kusonyeza kuti muli ndi `minofu atonia` (kutayika kwa moyo wa minofu) panthawi ya `REM` tulo. (`REM sleep popanda atonia` - RWA).
• Zochita zokhudzana ndi khunyu ziyenera kutha panthawi ya REM sleep.
• Mavuto ogona amenewa sayenera kufotokozedwa bwino ndi vuto lina la kugona, matenda ena, matenda amisala, zotsatira zoyipa za mankhwala, kapena vuto la kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Kodi RBD imachiritsidwa bwanji?

Cholinga chachikulu pochiza `RBD` iyi ndikukupatsani tulo totetezeka kwa inu ndi mnzanu . Pali njira zosiyanasiyana ndipo nthawi zina mankhwala a izi.

Njira zoti muchite kuti mukhale otetezeka

Nazi zinthu zina zomwe mungachite kuti mupange malo otetezeka ogona:

• Chotsani zinthu zakuthwa, magalasi, ndi zolemera zomwe zili pafupi ndi bedi.
• Ikani chinthu chofewa, monga pilo, pakati panu ndi headboard kapena nightstand.
• Ikani matiresi pansi pafupi ndi bedi ngati mungagwe kuchokera pabedi, kapena ikani zitsulo zophimba bedi mbali zonse ziwiri za bedi.
• Kwa anthu ena, kugona m'thumba logona kungathandizenso.

Ngati zizindikiro zanu zili zazikulu kwambiri, zingakhale bwino kuti mugone nokha m'chipinda china kuti mnzanu amene mukugona naye akhale otetezeka.

Komanso, muyenera kupewa kumwa mowa momwe mungathere , chifukwa mowa ungawonjezere kuchuluka kwa `RBD` ndikupangitsa vutoli kukhala loipa kwambiri.

Mankhwala a `RBD`

Ngati zizindikiro zanu ndi zazikulu, ndipo njira zodzitetezera zokha sizingalepheretse kuvulala, dokotala wanu angakulembereni mankhwala oletsa zizindikiro zanu. Ngakhale kuti palibe mankhwala ovomerezeka ndi FDA makamaka a RBD, kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti melatonin, clonazepam, ndi pramipexole nthawi zina zimatha kuchepetsa zizindikiro.

• Melatonin: Iyi ndi homoni yopangidwa mwachilengedwe ndi pineal gland muubongo wathu. Ndi yofunikira kwambiri powongolera nthawi yathu yogona ndi kudzuka. Melatonin yopangidwa imapezeka ngati mankhwala. Iyi imaonedwa ngati mankhwala oyamba a RBD chifukwa ili ndi zotsatirapo zochepa. Dokotala ayamba ndi mlingo wochepa ndikuwonjezera pang'onopang'ono mlingo mpaka zizindikiro zitatha.
• Clonazepam: Iyi ndi mankhwala ochepetsa ululu. Ofufuza sakudziwabe momwe imathandizira ndi RBD. Komabe, anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi RBD amapeza kuti kumwa clonazepam pang'ono musanagone kumachepetsa kapena kuthetsa maloto oipa, kufuula, komanso kuyenda tulo. Komabe, clonazepam ikhoza kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zina zosasangalatsa. Ichi ndichifukwa chake dokotala wanu angakupatseni mankhwala ngati melatonin sipereka mpumulo wokwanira.
• Pramipexole: Iyi ndi mankhwala a dopamine agonist. Madokotala nthawi zambiri amalemba mankhwalawa pa matenda a Parkinson ndi restless leg syndrome. Koma kafukufuku waposachedwapa wasonyeza kuti ingathandizenso kuchepetsa zizindikiro za RBD. Ofufuza amakhulupirira kuti mankhwalawa amagwira ntchito chifukwa RBD ndi vuto lomwe limayamba chifukwa cha kusowa kwa dopamine (dopaminergic deficiency disorder).

Kodi RBD ingapewedwe?

Nthawi zambiri, palibe chomwe tingachite kuti tipewe matenda a RBD. Izi zili choncho chifukwa pali zinthu zina zomwe sitingathe kuziletsa kapena kusintha. Mwachitsanzo, zaka zanu, kapena ngati muli ndi vuto la narcolepsy kapena vuto la mitsempha.

Koma ngati RBD imayamba chifukwa cha zinthu monga mowa, ndipo ngati zizindikiro zikuwonjezeka, RBD ikhoza kutha mukasiya kugwiritsa ntchito zinthuzo.

Kodi chiwopsezo cha RBD ndi chiyani?

Njira yamtsogolo ya RBD, ndiko kuti, komwe matendawa adzapita, imadalira zinthu zingapo:

• Kaya pali chifukwa chenicheni. Ndiko kuti, kaya ndi chifukwa cha `narcolepsy` (`RBD` yachiwiri), mankhwala oletsa kuvutika maganizo (`RBD yoyambitsidwa ndi mankhwala`), kapena ngati zangochitika zokha (mwadzidzidzi - `RBD yosiyana`).
• Kodi zizindikiro zanu ndi zoopsa bwanji komanso ngati zikukupwetekani.
• Kaya afune chithandizo kapena ayi.
• Kaya muli ndi matenda a mitsempha pamodzi ndi RBD.

Mbali yofunika kwambiri komanso yoopsa ya RBD ndi kugwirizana kwake ndi matenda amitsempha, makamaka matenda a Parkinson, kufooka kwa dongosolo la mitsempha, ndi matenda a Lewy body dementia. Umboni wowonjezereka ukusonyeza kuti RBD ikhoza kukhala chizindikiro chochenjeza cha matenda awa. Izi ndi zoona makamaka ngati RBD imachitika yokha, popanda chifukwa china chilichonse, ndipo si chifukwa cha vuto la narcolepsy kapena mankhwala.

Matenda a RBD angakubweretsereni mavuto aakulu inu ndi/kapena mnzanu amene mukugona naye, choncho ndikofunikira kwambiri kufunafuna chithandizo.

Matenda a RBD kwa anthu omwe ali ndi RBD komanso matenda amitsempha nthawi zambiri si abwino. Mwachitsanzo, zapezeka kuti anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a Parkinson ndi RBD omwe ali mu gawo loyambirira la matendawa amakhala ndi moyo wochepa poyerekeza ndi anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a Parkinson omwe ali mu gawo loyambirira la matendawa koma alibe RBD.

Kodi mavuto omwe angakhalepo chifukwa cha RBD ndi ati?

Anthu awa ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chodzivulaza okha kapena ena pabedi chifukwa cha mayendedwe awo achiwawa nthawi zina akagona. Komanso, popeza tulo nthawi zambiri timasokonezedwa, izi zingakhudze momwe tulo timagonera.

Mitundu ya kuvulala komwe kungachitike:

• Mabala.
• Kudula.
• Kutupa.
• Mafupa osweka.
• Matenda oopsa monga kuvulala mutu ndi kutuluka magazi m'chigaza (subdural hematomas) .

Nthawi zina kuvulala kumeneku kungakhale koopsa .

Zanenedwa kuti 90% ya anthu omwe ali ndi RBD ali ndi vuto la kugona , ndipo oposa 60% avulalapo .

Choncho, ndikofunikira kwambiri kupeza chithandizo cha RBD ndikupanga malo abwino ogona.

Kodi muyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti pankhani ya `RBD`?

• Ngati mwapezeka ndi `isolated RBD` (RBD yopanda chifukwa china), muyenera kupita kwa dokotala nthawi zonse kuti 'muone zizindikiro' za matenda amitsempha omwe angakhale okhudzana ndi matendawa (`Parkinson`, `Lewy body dementia`, `MSA`).
• Ngati mukupeza zizindikiro zatsopano, monga mavuto a mayendedwe kapena kusintha kwa malingaliro, pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo.
• Ngati inu kapena munthu amene mumagona naye wavulala chifukwa cha RBD, funsani upangiri wa dokotala nthawi yomweyo.

Kodi `RBD` ndi matenda amisala?

Ayi, `REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD)` si 'matenda amisala'. Sili ngati 'matenda a maganizo' kapena 'matenda a nkhawa'. `RBD` ndi 'matenda a kugona' - makamaka mtundu wa `parasomnia'.

Zingakhale zovutitsa kwambiri komanso zokhumudwitsa kudzivulaza mwangozi kapena munthu amene mumagona naye. Ngati mnzanu akukuuzani kuti mukuvutika kapena kufuula mu tulo tanu, musatenge mopepuka. Lankhulani ndi dokotala. Angakulimbikitseni kuti muphunzire za kugona kuti muwone ngati ali ndi RBD, ndipo angakupatseni chithandizo ngati pakufunika kutero. Kumbukirani, chofunika kwambiri ndikupanga malo otetezeka ogona kuti mupewe kuvulala.

Pomaliza, kumbukirani izi (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

Choncho, ngati inu kapena munthu amene mumamudziwa akuchita zinthu zachilendo ali m'tulo - kufuula, kugwedeza manja ake, kugwa pabedi, ndi zina zotero - musamangoganiza kuti ndi maloto oipa. Ikhoza kukhala REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD).

Makamaka ngati zingakupwetekeni inuyo kapena ena, onetsetsani kuti mwapeza upangiri wa dokotala. Kumbukirani kuti izi zitha kukhalanso chizindikiro choyambirira cha matenda ena akuluakulu amitsempha. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuzizindikira msanga ndikuchitapo kanthu kofunikira. Kugona kwanu, kugona kwa mnzanu, komanso chitetezo cha onse awiri ndizofunikira kwambiri. Choncho samalirani izi.

Matenda a REM sleep behavior, RBD, matenda ogona, kuyenda m'tulo, kufuula m'tulo, mavuto ogona, matenda amitsempha