Mwina mwamvapo kuti majini anu amatenga gawo pa thanzi lanu komanso mawonekedwe anu. Zimenezo ndi zoona, koma kodi mumadziwa kuti moyo wanu, zakudya zanu, ndi malo anu zingasinthe momwe majini amenewo amagwirira ntchito? Iyi ndiyo mfundo yaikulu ya Epigenetics —kuphunzira zinthu zomwe zimalamulira momwe majini amaonekera. Ngakhale kuti iyi ndi gawo latsopano, ndi lofunika kwambiri pa thanzi lanu, choncho tiyeni tiwone bwino.
Ndiye kodi Epigenetics ndi chiyani kwenikweni?
Mwachidule, epigenetics ndi kuphunzira momwe malo anu ndi machitidwe anu amakhudzira momwe majini anu amagwirira ntchito. Nthawi zambiri timaganiza za majini athu ngati malangizo okhazikika omwe makolo athu amatipatsa—monga mtundu wa maso athu kapena chibadwa chathu cha matenda enaake. N'zosavuta kuganiza za majini ngati osasinthika. Komabe, taganizirani ngati mungathe kukonza thanzi lanu mwa kusintha momwe majini amenewo amagwirira ntchito. Ndicho chimene asayansi akufufuza pankhani ya epigenetics, ndipo ndi nkhani yomwe aliyense ayenera kukhala nayo chidwi.
Epigenetics imayang'ana kwambiri momwe zinthu zomwe zili mkati mwa maselo anu zimayendetsera ntchito za majini anu. Asayansi amatcha izi kuti 'zizindikiro za epigenetic' kapena 'zizindikiro za mankhwala.' Nthawi zina, zizindikirozi zimalimbitsa thupi lanu ndikukuthandizani kulimbana ndi matenda, koma nthawi zina, zimatha kuvulaza thanzi lanu.
Ngati mugawa mawu akuti, 'epi' (Chigiriki chotanthauza 'kuzungulira' kapena 'kuzungulira') ndi 'majini' zimalumikizana kuti zifotokoze chilichonse chomwe chimagwira ntchito pa majini anu. Ofufuza amawona zizindikiro za mankhwala zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi DNA yanu, komanso amafufuza zinthu zakunja zomwe mumakumana nazo pamoyo watsiku ndi tsiku—monga chakudya chomwe mumadya, zochita zanu zolimbitsa thupi, ndi malo omwe munakulira.
Kodi malo anu ndi zomwe mwasankha zimakhudza bwanji izi?
Asayansi akhala akudziwa kale kuti malo omwe mumakhala komanso zizolowezi zanu zimakhudza thanzi lanu. Mwachitsanzo:
- Kukumana ndi poizoni wina kumawonjezera chiopsezo chanu chotenga khansa .
- Kuipitsidwa kwa mpweya kungayambitse matenda monga mphumu .
- Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse kumalimbitsa mtima wanu .
- Kudya zakudya zopatsa thanzi kumathandiza ubongo wanu ndi thanzi lanu .
Thanzi lanu ndi moyo wanu wautali sizimangochitika chifukwa cha majini anu kapena chilengedwe chanu; ndi zinthu zambiri zovuta kuchita.
Tiyeni tiyambe ndi mfundo zoyambira: Majini ndi DNA
Majini ndi magawo ogwirira ntchito a DNA yanu. DNA yanu yonse nthawi zambiri imayerekezeredwa ndi buku la malangizo, lomwe limapereka ndondomeko ya momwe thupi lanu limagwirira ntchito komanso momwe limadzikonzerera lokha.
Kodi majini kwenikweni ndi chiyani?
Thupi lanu limapangidwa ndi maselo ambirimbiri omwe amagawikana nthawi zonse kuti alowe m'malo mwa akale kapena owonongeka. DNA yanu ili ndi malangizo omwe amauza maselowa nthawi yoti akule, nthawi yoti adzikope okha, komanso nthawi yoti asiye.
Kodi maselo amagwiritsa ntchito bwanji DNA?
Selo lililonse m'thupi lanu limagwira ntchito zinazake powerenga magawo ena a DNA yanu—magawo awa ndi majini anu. Ganizirani za majini anu ngati buku lalikulu lophikira, komwe majini ndi maphikidwe osiyana. Si selo lililonse lomwe limafuna buku lonse lophikira; selo la mtima limangowerenga 'maphikidwe' omwe amafunika kukhala selo la mtima. Monga momwe simufunikira njira yophikira msuzi wa phwetekere 🍅 mukamaphika keke, maselo amangopeza malangizo okhudzana ndi ntchito yawo yeniyeni.
Kodi Epigenome ndi chiyani?
Epigenome yanu imakhala ndi majini anu onse ndi zizindikiro zowongolera zomwe zimawongolera momwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito. Chofunika kwambiri, epigenome yanu imasintha.; zimasintha pakapita nthawi. Kusintha kumeneku kungakhale kwabwino—koyendetsedwa ndi zakudya zabwino, masewera olimbitsa thupi, ndi kuchepetsa kupsinjika maganizo—kapena koipa, kokhudzidwa ndi zakudya zokonzedwa, kusuta fodya, ndi kupsinjika maganizo kosatha. Ngakhale simungathe nthawi zonse kulamulira chilichonse chakunja, muli ndi mphamvu zokhudzira epigenome yanu bwino kuposa momwe mungasinthire DNA yanu yobadwa nayo.
Ndi matenda ati omwe amagwirizana ndi Epigenetics?
Kafukufuku akupitirira, koma asayansi agwirizanitsa kale kusintha kwa epigenetic ndi matenda osiyanasiyana:
- Kulamulira kagayidwe kanu ka chakudya.
- Ukalamba ndi matenda okhudzana ndi ukalamba .
- Matenda okhudzana ndi ubongo, monga matenda a Parkinson , matenda a Alzheimer , ndi matenda osiyanasiyana okhudzana ndi kulemala kwa maganizo .
- Kukula kwa khansa .
- Mavuto okhudzana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo .
- Matenda okhudzana ndi kutupa , kuphatikizapo mphumu ndi matenda odziteteza ku matenda a autoimmune (monga matenda a Behcet ) .
Pamene kafukufuku akupitirira, asayansi akuyembekeza kuphunzira zambiri za momwe tingagwiritsire ntchito chidziwitsochi kuti tiwongolere zotsatira zaumoyo. Ngati mukukumana ndi zizindikiro zina, chonde funsani katswiri wazachipatala kapena funsani ogwira ntchito zadzidzidzi ngati vutoli likufulumira.
- Pezani chidziwitso chatsopano cha momwe kusintha kwa epigenetic kumayambitsa kapena kukhudzana ndi matenda osiyanasiyana.
- Phunzirani njira zomwe mungachite tsiku ndi tsiku kuti muchepetse chiopsezo cha matenda ena.
- Fufuzani momwe chitukuko cha mankhwala atsopano omwe cholinga chake ndi epigenome chikupitira patsogolo.
Kodi n’chiyani kwenikweni chomwe chingakhudze epigenome yanu?
Epigenome yanu imapangidwa ndi mphamvu zambirimbiri, zomwe zina zimayamba kukukhudzani ngakhale musanabadwe. Nazi zitsanzo zazikulu:
- Zakudya za amayi anu pa mimba .
- Thanzi la amayi anu lonse lakuthupi komanso lamaganizo panthawi ya mimba.
- Zakudya zomwe munalandira muli khanda komanso mwana wamng'ono .
- Zokumana nazo zoipa za ubwana .
- Kuphunzira kwa ana aang'ono komanso kuyanjana ndi akuluakulu .
- Kukhudzidwa ndi poizoni monga mpweya woipa, utsi wa dizilo, kapena utsi wa ndudu.
- Kukhudzidwa ndi mankhwala monga pulasitiki, BPA, kapena zitsulo zolemera monga lead ndi cadmium.
- Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala enaake olembedwa ndi dokotala .
- Kugwiritsa ntchito mowa, fodya, ndi mankhwala ena osokoneza bongo .
- Zakudya zomwe mumadya mukakula .
- Mlingo wa zochita zanu zolimbitsa thupi .
- Kuchuluka kwa nkhawa zomwe mumakhala nazo tsiku ndi tsiku .
- Maubwenzi anu ndi momwe mumachitira zinthu ndi anthu ena .
- Mudzi umene mumakhalamo ndi njira zothandizira zomwe zilipo kwa inu .
- Kupeza chithandizo chamankhwala ndi zinthu zina zofunikira pa zosowa zanu zachipatala .
Kodi kusintha kumeneku kumachitika bwanji?
Asayansi akufufuzabe momwe kukhudzana ndi zochitikazi ndi zomwe zimachitikazi zimayambitsa kusintha mkati mwa maselo anu. Kawirikawiri, zinthuzi zimayika "zizindikiro za epigenetic" pa DNA yanu, zomwe zimakhudza momwe maselo anu amagwirira ntchito.
Mwachitsanzo, zizindikiro za epigenetic nthawi zina zingapangitse kuti magawo a genome yanu asawerengeke. Izi zikutanthauza kuti jini yomwe iyenera kukhala ikugwira ntchito "imatsekedwa" kapena "imazimitsidwa." Zotsatira zake, maselo anu sangathe kuwerenga malangizo a majini amenewo, zomwe zingawalepheretse kuchita ntchito zofunika kwambiri, monga kuletsa kukula kwa maselo a khansa.Kusintha kwina koipa kwa epigenetic ndi kwakanthawi kochepa ndipo kumatha kusinthika, koma kwina kumatha kukhala kwa nthawi yayitali, komwe kumatha kupitilira kwa moyo wonse.
Kodi kusintha kumeneku kungakhalenso kwabwino?
Inde, ndithudi. Zizindikiro za Epigenetic zitha kukhala zothandiza kapena zoteteza. Mwachitsanzo, kupatsa mwana mwayi wokwanira wophunzira kungayambitse kusintha kwabwino kwa epigenetic komwe kumathandizira thanzi lake lamaganizo ndi lakuthupi kwa zaka zambiri zikubwerazi.
Simungasankhe majini omwe mumalandira kuchokera kwa makolo anu, ndipo simungathe kulamulira chilichonse chomwe chili m'dziko lozungulirani. Komabe, kudziwa zinthu zomwe "zimakulimbikitsani" inu ndi ana anu kudzakuthandizani kuchita zonse zomwe mungathe kuti mulimbikitse epigenome yathanzi.
Kodi tingakhudze bwanji epigenome yathu? Inde! Motani?
Ngakhale palibe njira imodzi yokha yochitira izi, asayansi amakhulupirira kuti zosankha zina zomwe mumapanga zingathandize kusintha kwa epigenetic ndikuchepetsa chiopsezo cha zinthu zoopsa. Nazi malangizo ena:
- Idyani zakudya zopatsa thanzi. Funsani katswiri wa zakudya kapena dokotala wanu kuti akupatseni dongosolo la chakudya logwirizana ndi zosowa zanu zaumoyo komanso moyo wanu.
- Phatikizani zochita zolimbitsa thupi tsiku lililonse. Nthawi zonse lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu musanayambe kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kuti akutsogolereni pa zochita zotetezeka.
- Chepetsani kumwa mowa ndipo siyani kusuta fodya kotheratu.
- Sinthani kupsinjika maganizo ndipo yesani kukhala omasuka momwe mungathere.
Zonsezi ndi njira zomwe mungachite nokha. Komabe, kafukufuku akusonyeza kuti epigenome yathu imasintha kwambiri m'zaka zoyambirira za moyo . Chifukwa chake, ngati ndinu kholo kapena wosamalira, mfundo izi ndizofunikira:
- Onetsetsani kuti mwana wanu akulandira zakudya zoyenera. Funsani dokotala wa ana kuti akupatseni upangiri wa momwe mungathandizire mwana wanu kukula bwino.
- Perekani mwayi wophunzira ali mwana. Izi zikuphatikizapo kupatsa mwana wanu zoseweretsa zomwe zimalimbikitsa kuphunzira ndi kukumbukira, kulankhula ndi mwana wanu, kuwerenga mabuku, ndi kuphunzitsa mawu atsopano.
- Pangani malo ozungulira mwana wanu odzaza ndi anthu othandizira, achikondi, komanso odalirika omwe amapereka chitonthozo ndi chitetezo.
- Ngati mukukumana ndi mavuto monga kusowa chakudya, kusowa pokhala, kapena nkhanza zapakhomo, chonde funsani dokotala kuti akuthandizeni. Angakuthandizeni kupeza zinthu zofunika kuti mudziteteze nokha ndi banja lanu.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
Ngati lingaliro la epigenetics likuwoneka lovuta kapena lovuta, simuli nokha. Kuganizira za zomwe zikuchitika m'thupi lathu kungakhale kosangalatsa, koma nthawi zina kumakhala koopsa kuzindikira kuti pali zinthu zambiri zomwe sitingathe kuzilamulira. Komabe, epigenetics imapereka chiyembekezo, zomwe zikusonyeza kuti tili ndi mphamvu pa zochita zamkati mwa thupi lathu.
Epigenetics ndi gawo latsopano lophunzirira. Pali zambiri zomwe sitikudziwa, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti pali zambiri zoti tipeze! Dokotala wanu angapereke zambiri za momwe majini anu ndi epigenome zimakhudzira thanzi lanu ndikukutsogolerani kuzinthu zodalirika kuti muphunzire zambiri.
Mwachidule, majini athu ndi gawo limodzi chabe la nkhani yathu. Momwe timakhalira, zisankho zomwe timapanga, ndi chikondi ndi chisamaliro chomwe timalandira zonse zimachita gawo lofunika kwambiri pa momwe nkhaniyi imachitikira. Limenelo ndi phunziro lofunika kwambiri lomwe Nirogi Lanka ndi gawo la epigenetics limatiphunzitsa.
