Kodi zizolowezi zathu zingasinthe majini athu? Tiyeni tiphunzire za epigenetics m'njira yosavuta!

Mwina mwamvapo kuti majini athu amakhudza momwe timadwala komanso momwe timaonekera. Ndi zoona. Koma kodi mukudziwa kuti tingasinthenso momwe majini amenewa amagwirira ntchito pazinthu monga moyo wathu, zomwe timadya, komanso malo omwe timakhala? Zimenezo ndi zinthu zomwe tikukambirana pamutuwu wotchedwa Epigenetics . Ngakhale kuti uwu ndi mutu watsopano, ndi wofunika kwambiri pa thanzi lathu, choncho tiyeni tikambirane za iwo.

Ndiye kodi ichi ndi chiyani kwenikweni (Epigenetics)?

Mwachidule, epigenetics ndi kuphunzira momwe majini athu amakhudzidwira ndi malo athu komanso zomwe timachita . Nthawi zambiri timaganiza za majini ngati chinthu chomwe sitingathe kulamulira, chomwe timalandira kuchokera kwa makolo athu. Ndipotu, zinthu zambiri, monga mtundu wa maso athu ndi mwayi wokhala ndi matenda enaake, zimatsimikiziridwa ndi majini awa kuyambira nthawi yomwe timabadwa. Chifukwa chake mungaganize kuti majini ndi chinthu chomwe sichingasinthidwe, chokhazikika. Koma taganizirani ngati tingasinthe momwe majini awa amagwirira ntchito ndikukweza thanzi lathu ? Asayansi akufufuza za epigenetics ndi chiyembekezo chimenecho m'maganizo. Ndicho chifukwa chake nkhaniyi, epigenetics, yakhala chinthu chomwe anthu ambiri ngati inu mukufuna kuphunzira. Epigenetics ndi gawo latsopano lophunzirira. Imayang'ana momwe mankhwala ena mkati mwa maselo a thupi lathu amalamulira momwe majini athu amagwirira ntchito. Asayansi amatcha mankhwala awa 'epigenetic marks' kapena 'chemical signatures' . Nthawi zina zizindikiro izi zimathandiza matupi athu kukhala olimba komanso olimbana ndi matenda. Koma nthawi zina zimatha kuvulaza thanzi lathu. Ngati mugawa mawu oti 'epigenetics', pali magawo awiri: 'epi' ndi 'genetics'. 'Epi' ndi Chigiriki chomwe chimatanthauza 'pamwamba, kunja, mozungulira'. 'Genetics' ikunena za majini, kutanthauza, zidutswa zikwizikwi za DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) zomwe zimakupangitsani kukhala wapadera. Chifukwa chake, tikamalankhula za 'epigenetics', tikulankhula za chilichonse chozungulira majini anu. Asayansi akuyang'ana mankhwala omwe amakhala pa majini anu ndikugwira ntchito pa iwo. Amasamalanso zinthu zomwe tingazione m'miyoyo yathu ya tsiku ndi tsiku, monga chakudya chomwe timadya, kuchuluka kwa masewera olimbitsa thupi omwe timachita, ndi chisamaliro chomwe tinkalandira tili ana.

Kodi malo athu ndi zisankho zomwe timapanga zimakhudza bwanji izi?

Asayansi akhala akudziwa kale kuti malo athu ndi machitidwe athu zimakhudza thanzi lathu. Mwachitsanzo, taganizirani izi:

• Kukumana ndi poizoni wina kumawonjezera chiopsezo chotenga khansa .
• Kuipitsidwa kwa mpweya kungayambitse matenda monga mphumu .
• Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kumalimbitsa mtima wanu.
• Kudya chakudya chopatsa thanzi n'kwabwino kwambiri pa ubongo ndi thupi lanu .

Kotero, thanzi lanu ndi moyo wanu wautali sizimangochitika chifukwa cha majini anu kapena chilengedwe chanu. Pali zinthu zina zambiri zomwe zimakhudza izi, mukumvetsa?

Choyamba, tiyeni tiphunzire pang'ono za majini ndi DNA, sichoncho?

Majini ndi mayunitsi oyambira a DNA. Dongosolo lanu lonse la DNA nthawi zambiri limayerekezeredwa ndi buku la ulimi kapena buku la malangizo. Izi zili choncho chifukwa DNA imapereka malangizo omwe selo lililonse m'thupi lanu limafunika kuti ligwire ntchito bwino. Maselo anu amawerenga DNA iyi kuti adziwe zoyenera kuchita komanso momwe angachitire.

Ndiye kodi jini ndi chiyani?

Pali maselo ambirimbiri m'thupi lanu nthawi iliyonse. Maselo amenewa amagawikana nthawi zonse kuti apange maselo atsopano (kupanga makope awo okha) kuti alowe m'malo mwa omwe amafa. Izi zili choncho chifukwa maselo omwewo safunika kukhala moyo wanu wonse - amafa, ndipo atsopano amapangidwa. Iyi ndi njira yachibadwa m'thupi lanu. Maselo ambiriwa amadalira DNA yanu kuti adziwe momwe angakulire, nthawi yopangira makope, komanso nthawi yosiya kugawikana.

Kodi maselo amagwiritsa ntchito bwanji DNA iyi?

Selo lililonse m'thupi limagwira ntchito yake. Kuti achite zimenezo, amawerenga magawo enaake a DNA yanu. Zigawo zimenezo zimatchedwa majini anuanu. Mutha kuganiza za majini awa ngati mitu m'buku la malangizo, kapena ngati maphikidwe m'buku lophikira. Majini ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta chidziwitso tomwe timasonkhana kuti tipange majini anu onse, kapena genome . Koma si selo lililonse lomwe limawerenga malangizo onse (DNA yanu yonse, kapena genome). Izi zili choncho chifukwa si selo lililonse lomwe limafuna malangizo onse - limangofunika magawo enaake. Maselo ali ndi ntchito zinazake m'thupi, ndipo amangofunika kuchita ntchito zawozake. Taganizirani izi motere: mukapanga keke, simukusowa njira yophikira msuzi wa phwetekere. Mukungofunika njira yophikira zomwe mukupanga.

Ndiye kodi epigenome imeneyi ndi chiyani?

Epigenome yanu ndi majini anu onse ndi chilichonse chomwe chimawongolera momwe mumagwiritsira ntchito . Chofunika ndichakuti epigenome yanu ikhale yosinthasintha . Imasintha pakapita nthawi. Izi zitha kukhala zabwino kapena zoyipa. Zabwino chifukwa zinthu monga chakudya chopatsa thanzi, masewera olimbitsa thupi, komanso kupsinjika pang'ono kungayambitse kusintha kwa epigenetic komwe kumapindulitsa thanzi. Koma zinthu monga zakudya zokonzedwa, kusuta fodya, komanso kupsinjika kwambiri zingayambitse kusintha kwa epigenetic komwe kumavulaza thanzi. Ndiye, nchiyani chimakhudza epigenome yanu? Kodi mungachite chiyani nazo? Pali zambiri zomwe sitikudziwa pakadali pano. Koma umboni ukusonyeza kuti zinthu zomwe timayika m'thupi lathu komanso momwe timachitira zinthu ndi dziko lotizungulira zitha kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zazikulu pa epigenome yathu.Ngakhale kuti nthawi zina sitingathe kulamulira zinthuzi, nthawi zina timatha kuzilamulira - zimenezo n’zabwino kwambiri kuposa zimene tinganene zokhudza majini omwe timalandira, sichoncho?

Ndi matenda ati omwe amagwirizanitsidwa ndi epigenetics?

Asayansi akufufuzabe momwe kusintha kwa majini kumakhudzira matupi athu komanso kukula kwa matenda. Akukhulupiriranso kuti kusintha kwina kwa thupi ndi matenda kungayambitsenso kusintha kwa epigenome yanu. Kafukufuku waposachedwapa akusonyeza kuti kusintha kwa majini kumalumikizidwa ndi:

• Momwe kagayidwe ka thupi ka thupi lanu kamagwirira ntchito.
• Kukalamba ndi matenda okhudzana ndi ukalamba .
• Matenda omwe amakhudza ubongo wanu, monga matenda a Parkinson , matenda a Alzheimer , ndi matenda omwe amayambitsa kulephera kwa ubongo .
• Kukulitsa khansa .
• Mavuto okhudzana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo .
• Kutupa ndi zina zokhudzana nazo monga mphumu ndi matenda odziteteza ku matenda a autoimmune .

Pamene kafukufuku akupitirira, asayansi akuyembekeza kuti:

• Pezani kumvetsetsa kwatsopano momwe kusintha kwa epigenetic kumayambitsa kapena kumagwirizana ndi matenda osiyanasiyana.
• Phunzirani zomwe tingachite pa moyo wathu wa tsiku ndi tsiku kuti tichepetse chiopsezo cha matenda ena.
• Pangani njira zatsopano zochizira matenda zomwe zimayang'ana kwambiri epigenome.

Kodi n’chiyani kwenikweni chingasinthe epigenome yathu?

Epigenome yanu imapangidwa ndi mphamvu zosawerengeka. Zina mwa izo zimayamba kukukhudzani musanabadwe nkomwe. Nazi zitsanzo zingapo:

• Chakudya chomwe amayi anu ankadya pamene anali kukunyamulani m'mimba mwawo (chakudya chapakati) .
• Thanzi la amayi anu komanso thanzi lawo la maganizo panthawi ya mimba .
• Zakudya zomwe munalandira muli mwana wakhanda komanso mwana wamng'ono .
• Zokumana nazo zoipa za ubwana .
• Zomwe munaphunzira muli mwana komanso momwe munachitira ndi akuluakulu .
• Kukhudzidwa ndi poizoni monga mpweya woipa, utsi wa dizilo, ndi utsi wa ndudu .
• Kukhudzidwa ndi mankhwala monga mapulasitiki, BPA, ndi zitsulo zolemera monga lead kapena cadmium.
• Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala enaake olembedwa ndi dokotala .
• Kugwiritsa ntchito mowa, fodya ndi mankhwala ena osokoneza bongo .
• Chakudya chimene mumadya mukakula .
• Mlingo wa zochita zanu zolimbitsa thupi .
• Mlingo wa nkhawa zomwe mumakhala nazo tsiku ndi tsiku .
• Maubwenzi anu ndi momwe mumachitira zinthu ndi anthu ena .
• Mudzi umene mumakhalamo ndi chithandizo chomwe mumalandira (kapena chomwe simulandira) kuchokera kumeneko .
• Kupeza chithandizo chamankhwala ndi zinthu zina zothandizira zosowa zanu zaumoyo .

Kodi kusintha kumeneku kumachitika bwanji?

Asayansi akupitilizabe kufufuza momwe kukhudzana ndi zochitikazi kumayambitsa kusintha kwa maselo anu. Kawirikawiri, zinthuzi zimapangitsa kuti DNA yanu igwire ntchito, zomwe zimakhudza momwe maselo anu amagwirira ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, zizindikiro za epigenetic zimatha kuletsa maselo kuwerenga magawo ena a genome yanu. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, jini yomwe ikuyenera kukhala ikugwira ntchito imatsekedwa, kapena kuzimitsidwa. Zotsatira zake, maselo anu sangathe kuwerenga majini amenewo (maphikidwe), ndipo sangathe kuchita zina mwa zinthu zomwe amafunikira kuti mukhale ndi thanzi labwino, monga kuletsa maselo a khansa kukula. Kusintha kwina koopsa kwa epigenetic ndi kwakanthawi kochepa ndipo kumatha kusinthidwa. Koma zina zimakhala nthawi yayitali, nthawi zina moyo wonse.

Kodi kusintha kumeneku kungakhale kwabwino?

Inde, ndithudi. Zizindikiro za Epigenetic zitha kukhala zothandiza, kapenanso kuteteza. Mwachitsanzo, kupatsa mwana mwayi wochuluka wophunzira kungayambitse kusintha kwabwino kwa epigenetic komwe kumathandizira thanzi lake lamaganizo ndi lakuthupi kwa zaka zikubwerazi . Simungasankhe majini omwe mumalandira kuchokera kwa makolo anu. Ndipo simungathe kulamulira dziko lonse lapansi lozungulirani. Koma kudziwa zinthu zonsezi zomwe 'zimakudyetsani' - ndi ana anu - kungakuthandizeni kuchita zonse zomwe mungathe kuti mupange epigenome yathanzi.

Kodi tingakhudze bwanji epigenome yathu? Inde! Motani?

Inde, zingathekedi. Ngakhale palibe njira imodzi yeniyeni yochitira izi, asayansi amakhulupirira kuti zina mwa zisankho zomwe timapanga zingathandize kusintha kwa epigenetic ndikuchepetsa chiopsezo cha kusintha koyipa. Nazi malangizo ena oti muthandize:

• Idyani zakudya zopatsa thanzi. Mutha kupempha thandizo kwa katswiri wa zakudya kuti mupange dongosolo la chakudya lomwe likugwirizana ndi zosowa zanu zaumoyo komanso moyo wanu.
• Onjezani zochita zolimbitsa thupi tsiku lanu.Musanayambe ndondomeko yatsopano yochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi, onetsetsani kuti mwalankhula ndi dokotala wanu. Adzakuuzani masewera olimbitsa thupi omwe ndi otetezeka kwa inu.
• Chepetsani kumwa mowa ndipo siyani kugwiritsa ntchito fodya kotheratu.
• Yesetsani kupumula momwe mungathere kuti muchepetse nkhawa.

Izi ndi zinthu zonse zomwe mungachite nokha. Komabe, kafukufuku akusonyeza kuti epigenome yathu imakhala yosinthika kwambiri m'zaka zoyambirira za moyo . Chifukwa chake, ngati ndinu kholo kapena wosamalira, ndikofunikira kwambiri kulabadira zinthu izi:

• Onetsetsani kuti mwana wanu akupeza zakudya zoyenera. Mutha kufunsa dokotala wa ana kuti akupatseni upangiri wa momwe mungachitire izi.
• Perekani mwana wanu mwayi wophunzira kuyambira ali wamng'ono. Izi zingaphatikizepo kuwapatsa zoseweretsa zomwe zimawathandiza kuphunzira ndi kukumbukira, kulankhula nawo, kuwerenga mabuku, ndi kuwaphunzitsa mawu atsopano.
• Pangani malo ozungulira mwana wanu komwe amadzimva womasuka, wotetezeka, komanso wozunguliridwa ndi anthu achikondi komanso othandizira.
• Ngati mukukumana ndi mavuto monga kusowa chakudya, kusowa pokhala, kapena nkhanza zapakhomo, funani thandizo kwa dokotala. Angakuthandizeni kupeza zinthu zomwe mukufunikira kuti mudziteteze nokha ndi ana anu ndikupeza chithandizo.

Pomaliza, zinthu zomwe tiyenera kukumbukira (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

Ngati lingaliro la epigenetics likumveka lachilendo komanso loopsa pang'ono kwa inu, simuli nokha. Kuganizira zomwe zikuchitika m'thupi lathu kungakhale kosangalatsa komanso nthawi zina kotopetsa. Kungamvekenso ngati tilibe chochita komanso opanda mphamvu. Kumamveka ngati zinthu zambiri sizili m'manja mwathu. Koma epigenetics imatipatsa chiyembekezo chakuti titha kukhala ndi mphamvu pa machitidwe amkati mwa matupi athu .

Epigenetics ikadali yatsopano poyerekeza ndi magawo ena ophunzirira. Pali zambiri zomwe sitikudziwa. Koma zimenezo zimangotanthauza kuti pali zambiri zoti tipeze! Dokotala wanu angakuuzeni zambiri za momwe majini anu ndi epigenome zimakhudzira thanzi lanu. Iye angakuuzeninso komwe mungapeze zambiri.

Mwachidule, majini athu ndi gawo limodzi chabe la nkhani yathu. Momwe timakhalira, zisankho zomwe timapanga, chikondi ndi chisamaliro chomwe timalandira, zonse zimakhudza kwambiri momwe nkhaniyo imalembedwera. Limenelo ndi phunziro lofunika kwambiri lomwe epigenetics imatiphunzitsa.