Ndizachilendo kumva mantha pang'ono komanso mantha dokotala wanu akakuuzani kapena munthu wina wapafupi nanu kuti muyenera kuchitidwa opaleshoni yotchedwa "Esophagectomy." Mungakhale ndi mafunso ambiri monga, "Opaleshoni iyi ndi yanji? Nchifukwa chiyani ikuchitidwa? Nchiyani chidzachitike pambuyo pake?" Koma musadandaule. Tikambirana chilichonse mu Chisinhala chosavuta chomwe mungamvetse, chochezeka kwambiri. Mukamaliza kuwerenga nkhaniyi, mudzamvetsetsa bwino izi.
Mwachidule, kodi Esophagectomy ndi chiyani?
Kuchotsa Esophagectomy ndi opaleshoni yomwe imachotsa gawo kapena gawo lonse la m'mero. M'mero ndi chubu chomwe chimanyamula chakudya ndi zakumwa kuchokera pakhosi kupita m'mimba. Chili ngati chitoliro cha madzi.
Tsopano mwina mukudabwa kuti, "N'chifukwa chiyani izi zikuchotsedwa?" Chifukwa chachikulu ndi khansa ya m'mero . Madokotala amalangizanso opaleshoni iyi ngati muli ndi matenda monga Barrett's esophagus, omwe amawonjezera chiopsezo chanu cha khansa, kapena pamene m'mero wanu sukugwira ntchito bwino ndipo mukuvutika kumeza.
Pa opaleshoni, dokotalayo amachotsa gawo lowonongeka la mmero mwanu. Ngati ndi khansa, ma lymph nodes ena apafupi amachotsedwanso ndikutumizidwa kukayezetsa. Kenako, magawo otsalawo amalumikizidwanso ndipo chitoliro chanu cha chakudya chimabwezeretsedwanso. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mimba imakokedwa pang'ono ndikulumikizidwa ndi gawo lonse la mmero mwanu. Mwanjira imeneyi, chitoliro chanu cha chakudya chimakonzedwa kuti muthe kudya bwino.
Kodi njira zosiyanasiyana zochitira opaleshoniyi ndi ziti?
Ngakhale njira zonse zochotsera chotupa m'mimba zimaphatikizapo kuchotsa chotupa cha m'mimba, njira zomwe dokotala wanu amagwiritsa ntchito zimatha kusiyana malinga ndi zinthu monga malo omwe chotupa chanu chili kapena kuwonongeka kwake komanso thanzi lanu lonse.
Pali njira ziwiri makamaka:
- Opaleshoni Yotseguka: Apa, kudula kamodzi kwakutali kumapangidwa pakhungu kuti kukafike ku mmero.
- Opaleshoni Yosalowa M'thupi: Iyi ndi imene timaitcha "opaleshoni ya laparoscopic." M'malo mwa kudula kwakukulu kamodzi, kudula pang'ono kotalika pafupifupi inchi imodzi kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pochita opaleshoniyi, komwe kamera ndi zida zimayikidwa. Opaleshoni yolowera m'ziwalo zam'mimba imatchedwa `Laparoscopic surgery`, ndipo opaleshoni yolowera m'ziwalo zam'chifuwa imatchedwa `Thoracoscopic surgery`.
Pali mitundu ingapo ya opaleshoni yochokera ku njira izi. Tebulo ili pansipa likufotokoza zambiri za izo.
| Njira Yopangira Opaleshoni | Malo Odulira Mabala |
|---|---|
| Kuchotsa Misozi ya Transhiatal | M'khosi ndi m'mimba (m'mimba) |
| Kuchotsa Mitsempha ya M'mimba ya Ivor Lewis | Kumanja kwa chifuwa ndi mimba |
| Kuchotsa Misozi ya McKeown | M'khosi, pachifuwa ndi m'mimba |
| Kuchotsa Mitsempha ya Thoracoabdominal | Kudula kamodzi katali kuyambira pachifuwa mpaka pamimba ndi kudula kwina pakhosi |
Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu kuti mudziwe njira yabwino kwa inu komanso chifukwa chake. Izi zikuthandizani kumvetsetsa bwino nthawi ya opaleshoni ndi nthawi yochira.
Kodi timakonzekera bwanji opaleshoni yaikulu yotereyi?
Kuchotsa m'mimba ndi opaleshoni yaikulu, ndipo imatenga nthawi kuti munthu achire. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kwambiri kukonzekera bwino musanachite opaleshoni.
- Mayeso osiyanasiyana: Pofuna kukonzekera opaleshoniyi, dokotala wanu adzalamula mayeso monga CT scan pachifuwa ndi m'mimba mwanu, Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS), kapena PET scan.
- Kulandira chithandizo choyamba: Ngati muli ndi khansa, mungafunike kupatsidwa mankhwala a chemotherapy ndi/kapena radiation musanachite opaleshoni. Anthu ena amapeza zotsatira zabwino akalandira chithandizochi msanga.
- Kukonzekera thupi lanu opaleshoni: Ngati muli ndi matenda monga matenda a shuga kapena kuthamanga kwa magazi, muyenera kuwathetsa musanachite opaleshoni. Ngati mukusuta, muyenera kusiya. Kusuta fodya kumachedwetsa kwambiri kuchira.
- Kukonzekera nthawi yochira: Popeza zizolowezi zanu zodyera zidzasintha mutachita opaleshoni, mutha kufunsa upangiri kwa katswiri wazakudya . Muthanso kuphunzira kuchokera kwa katswiri wa zamaganizo olankhula (SLP) za masewera olimbitsa thupi olimbikitsa minofu yanu yopumira kuti mupewe mavuto a m'mapapo mutachita opaleshoni.
- Kukonzekera kugonekedwa m'chipatala:Popeza mudzakhala m'chipatala kwa sabata imodzi kapena ziwiri, konzani zovala zomwe mukufuna, mankhwala, ndi zinthu monga buku ndi pilo zomwe zingakupatseni chitonthozo.
- Mukafika kunyumba: Konzani kuti wina abwere kunyumba kuchokera kuchipatala. Ndikofunikanso kukhala ndi munthu woti akuthandizeni kunyumba. Konzani nyumba yanu kuti mupeze mosavuta zinthu zomwe mukufuna.
Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani panthawi ya opaleshoni?
Musanachite opaleshoni, mudzapatsidwa mankhwala oletsa ululu kuti musamve kupweteka kulikonse. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mudzakhala mutulo tofa nato. Pambuyo pa opaleshoni, mutha kuyikidwanso chubu cha epidural kumbuyo kwanu kuti muchepetse ululu.
Dokotala wa opaleshoni amadula ziwalo motsatira njira yovomerezeka ndikuchotsa gawo lodwala la m'mero. Nthawi zina gawo laling'ono la m'mimba lingachotsedwenso. Kenako, m'mimba kapena matumbo ang'onoang'ono amabweretsedwa m'dera la pachifuwa ndikulumikizidwa ndi gawo lonse la m'mero.
Pambuyo pa opaleshoni, chubu chodyetsera chidzaikidwa m'mimba mwanu kapena m'matumbo ang'onoang'ono kuti chikhale ndi chakudya mpaka mutatha kumeza. Chubu chodutsa m'mphuno chidzayikidwanso kudzera m'mphuno mwanu kuti chithandize kuchotsa mpweya wochuluka m'mimba mwanu ndikukuthandizani kuchira. Matumbo a pachifuwa angaikidwenso kuti atulutse madzi m'chifuwa mwanu. Zonsezi zimachitika kuti zikuthandizeni kuchira mwachangu. Opaleshoni nthawi zambiri imatenga maola atatu mpaka asanu ndi limodzi.
Kodi chidzachitike ndi chiyani pambuyo pa opaleshoni?
Mukachita opaleshoni, mudzasungidwa m'chipinda chosamalira odwala kwambiri (ICU) kwa tsiku limodzi kapena awiri. Mudzayamba kudyetsedwa ndi chubu chodyetsera. Mudzapatsidwa mankhwala oletsa ululu. Mungafunike kukhala m'chipatala kwa milungu iwiri.
Ndili kuchipatala,
- Mudzauzidwa kuti muvale masokisi opondereza ndikuyenda kuti magazi asaundane .
- Muyenera kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi opumira kuti mapapu anu akhale oyera.
- Mudzaphunzitsidwa momwe mungasungire chubu chodyetsera ndi bala kukhala zoyera.
Kodi zotsatirapo zake ndi zoopsa zake ndi ziti?
Opaleshoni iliyonse ingayambitse zotsatirapo zina, ndipo ndikofunikira kudziwa zoopsa zake.
| Zotsatira zoyipa zofala | Zoopsa zomwe muyenera kudziwa |
|---|---|
| Kutopa | Mavuto a m'mapapo, makamaka chibayo |
| Chilakolako cha chakudya | Kutuluka kwa madzi m'thupi |
| Ululu ukameza | Kusakhazikika kwa kugunda kwa mtima (`Atrial fibrillation`) |
| Kusamva bwino monga mpweya ndi kutupa | Kuvuta kulankhula kapena kumeza (Dysphagia) |
| Kusanza ndi kusanza | Kutuluka magazi kuchokera pabala, matenda, magazi kuundana |
Zizindikiro zambirizi zimatha mukachira, koma ngati muli ndi nkhawa iliyonse, funsani dokotala nthawi yomweyo.
Kodi ndiyenera kuyimbira dokotala kapena kupita kuchipatala liti?
Mavuto ena angabuke panthawi yochira. Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi, dziwitsani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo.
- Ngati ululu kapena malungo akuwonjezeka
- Ngati malo ozungulira chotupacho ndi ofiira ndipo akumva kutentha
- Ngati thupi lafooka
- Ngati mukuvutika kupuma kapena chifuwa chanu chikugunda
- Ngati mimba ndi yotayirira kapena chopondapo chili chakuda
- Ngati muli ndi pakhosi lopweteka
- Ngati muli ndi chifuwa chosatha
- Ngati maso kapena khungu loyera lasanduka lachikasu (Jaundice)
- Ngati mukuvutika kumeza kapena kupitiriza kuchepetsa thupi
Samalani mwachangu! Ngati zotsatirazi zitachitika, pitani ku Dipatimenti Yoona za Zadzidzidzi (ETU) yapafupi nthawi yomweyo kapena imbani 1990.
* Ngati simungathe kumeza kapena kupuma.
* Ngati mukusanza magazi.
* Ngati mukumva kupweteka kwambiri, makamaka kupweteka pachifuwa.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Kuchotsa m'mimba ndi opaleshoni yofunika kwambiri komanso yopulumutsa moyo yomwe imachitidwa pa matenda enaake.
- Zotsatira zabwino zitha kupezeka mwa kusiya kusuta fodya ndikuwongolera matenda monga matenda a shuga musanachite opaleshoni.
- Nthawi yochira ingakhale yayitali, choncho khalani oleza mtima ndipo tsatirani malangizo a dokotala.
- Pambuyo pa opaleshoni, moyo wanu, makamaka momwe mumadyera, udzasintha. Zolowerani kudya pang'ono kangapo patsiku.
- Dziwani zizindikiro zochenjeza. Ngati muli ndi nkhawa iliyonse, musazengereze kufunafuna upangiri wa dokotala.
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