Kodi dokotala wanu wakupatsani jakisoni wa folic acid? Mwina muli ndi pakati, kapena mwapatsidwa jakisoni chifukwa cha vuto lina la thanzi. Kumva dzinali mwina kumabweretsa mafunso ambiri. Ndizachilendo kuti zinthu monga "Izi ndi za chiyani?", "Zidzachitika bwanji?", "Kodi ndi zotetezeka?" zibwere m'maganizo. Lero, tiyeni tikambirane za jakisoni uyu, kufunika kwake, ndi zinthu zomwe muyenera kusamala nazo mukamagwiritsa ntchito, m'njira yosavuta komanso yochezeka.
Choyamba, tiyeni tiwone, kodi folic acid ndi chiyani?
Mwachidule, folic acid ndi vitamini B yomwe ndi yofunika kwambiri m'thupi lathu. Kunena zoona, ndi mtundu wa vitamini B9 wopangidwa. Ganizirani thupi lathu ngati nyumba. Timafunikira mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya njerwa kuti timange nyumbayi, sichoncho? Mofananamo, mavitaminiwa amafunikira kuti timange ndikusamalira zinthu zofunika kwambiri m'thupi lathu.
Folic acid imagwira ntchito zingapo zofunika m'thupi lathu:
- Kupanga maselo ofiira a m'magazi: Folic acid ndi yofunika kwambiri popanga maselo ofiira a m'magazi, omwe amanyamula mpweya m'thupi lonse. Pamene maselowa atha, timadwala matenda otchedwa anemia.
- Ubongo wathanzi: Izi zimathandizanso kuti ubongo ugwire bwino ntchito.
- Pa nthawi ya mimba: Folic acid ndi yofunika kwambiri kwa mayi ndi mwana wosabadwa. Ndi yofunika kwambiri pakukula kwa ubongo wa mwana ndi msana. Kusowa kwa folic acid kumachepetsa kwambiri chiopsezo cha matenda aakulu a mitsempha yobadwa nayo.
Nthawi zambiri timapeza izi mu mawonekedwe a mapiritsi. Koma nthawi zina, pamene thupi silingathe kuzimwa bwino kudzera mu chakudya, kapena pamene mukufunika kuwonjezera msanga kuchuluka kwa folic acid m'thupi lanu, madokotala amalangiza kuti mupereke jakisoni.
Zinthu zomwe muyenera kuuza dokotala wanu musanalandire katemera
Ngakhale kuti vitamini iyi ndi yofunika, ndikofunikira kuti dokotala wanu adziwe bwino za thanzi lanu, makamaka izi:
| Mkhalidwe wanu | N’chifukwa chiyani zimenezo n’zofunika? |
|---|---|
| Matenda a impso | Popeza mankhwalawa amachotsedwa m'thupi kudzera mu impso, mlingo wake ungafunike kusinthidwa. |
| Kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi kapena kusowa kwa vitamini B12 | Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri. Folic acid imatha kuletsa zizindikiro za kusowa kwa vitamini B12. Koma kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha kumapitirira. Chifukwa chake, izi ndizofunikira kuti dokotala apeze matenda olondola. |
| Matenda a ziwengo | Uzani dokotala wanu ngati muli ndi vuto lililonse la folic acid, mavitamini ena a B, zinthu zina zomwe zili mu katemera (monga benzyl alcohol), kapena mankhwala ena aliwonse kapena zakudya. |
| Mimba kapena kuyesa kutenga mimba | Ngakhale kuti nthawi zambiri izi zimalimbikitsidwa panthawi ya mimba, ndikofunikira kuti dokotala wanu adziwe za vuto lanu. |
| Kuyamwitsa | Ndikofunikira kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu za kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala mukamayamwitsa. |
Kodi katemerayu amagwiritsidwa ntchito bwanji?
Katemera wa folic acid nthawi zambiri amaperekedwa kuchipatala kapena ku chipatala. Amaperekedwa ndi dokotala kapena namwino. Pali njira zingapo zopezera katemera:
- Kulowetsedwa m'mitsempha (IV) - `(Mu mtsempha)`
- Minofu (IM)
- Pansi pa khungu - `(Subcutaneous kapena SC)`
Nthawi zina, dokotala wanu angakupatseni malangizo a momwe mungachitire katemera kunyumba. Ngati ndi choncho, tsatirani malangizowo molondola . Ndikofunikira kwambiri kumwa mlingo woyenera panthawi yoyenera.
Chofunika kwambiri: Musataye singano ndi ma syringe ogwiritsidwa ntchito kale m'zinyalala. Zitha kukhala zoopsa kwa ena. Pali chidebe chapadera cha sharpe. Ngati mulibe, funsani dokotala wanu za izi.
Kodi mungachite chiyani ngati mwamwa mankhwala ochulukirapo?
Ngati mukuganiza kuti mwamwa mankhwala ochulukirapo mwangozi, pitani ku Dipatimenti Yoona za Zadzidzidzi (ETU) yapafupi nthawi yomweyo . Kapena imbani National Poisons Information Centre ku Colombo National Hospital .
Nanga bwanji ngati nditaphonya nthawi yokumana ndi dokotala?
Imwani mlingo mwamsanga mukangokumbukira. Koma ngati nthawi yanu yotsatira yayandikira, dumphani mlingo womwe mwaphonya ndi kumwa mlingo wotsatira panthawi yomwe mwakonza. Musamwe milingo iwiri nthawi imodzi.
Zinthu zina zomwe zingagwirizane ndi mankhwalawa
Mankhwala ena omwe mumamwa angakhudze momwe folic acid imagwirira ntchito, ndipo folic acid ingakhudze mankhwalawo. Zitsanzo zina ndi izi:
- Chloramphenicol (mankhwala opha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda)
- `Cholestyramine` (mankhwala ochepetsa mafuta m'thupi)
- Mankhwala ena a khunyu
- `Methotrexate` (mankhwala ogwiritsidwa ntchito pa khansa ndi matenda ena)
- Nitrofurantoin (mankhwala opha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda)
- Pyrimethamine (mankhwala ogwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda monga malungo)
Mndandanda uwu si wokwanira. Chifukwa chake, onetsetsani kuti mwauza dokotala wanu za mankhwala ena aliwonse, mavitamini, mankhwala azitsamba, kapena zowonjezera zakudya zomwe mukumwa. Komanso, muuzeni dokotala wanu ngati mumasuta kapena kumwa mowa.
Kodi zotsatirapo zake zingakhale zotani?
Monga mankhwala ena aliwonse, jakisoni wa folic acid angayambitse mavuto ena mwa anthu ena. Komabe, izi sizofala kwambiri. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe zimayambitsa mavutowa.
| Mtundu wa zotsatira zoyipa | Zizindikiro |
|---|---|
| Ngati mukukumana ndi zizindikiro izi, uzani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo. | |
| Matenda a ziwengo | Kutupa pakhungu, kuyabwa, kutupa kwa nkhope, milomo, lilime kapena pakhosi. |
| Kuvuta kupuma | Kuvuta kupuma, kupuma movutikira, ndi zina zotero. |
| Zizindikiro za mitsempha | Ululu, dzanzi, kapena kutaya kumva m'miyendo. |
| Izi nthawi zambiri sizimakhala zoopsa, koma ngati zikupitirira, uzani dokotala wanu. | |
| Kusasangalala konse | Kumva wopanda moyo komanso wotopa. |
| Kusowa kwa chakudya chokwanira | Kuchepa kwa chilakolako. |
| Kusanza | Kumva ngati kusanza. |
Ngati mukukumana ndi zizindikiro zina zachilendo zomwe sizili pamndandandawu, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za zizindikirozo.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Folic acid (vitamini B9) ndi yofunika kwambiri m'thupi lathu, makamaka popanga maselo ofiira a magazi, kugwira ntchito kwa ubongo, komanso kukula kwa mwana panthawi ya mimba.
- Onetsetsani kuti mwauza dokotala wanu za mankhwala ena onse omwe mukumwa komanso matenda ena aliwonse omwe muli nawo (makamaka matenda a impso, kusowa kwa vitamini B12).
- Ngati mukuganiza kuti mwamwa mankhwala ochulukirapo, pitani ku Dipatimenti Yothandiza Anthu Odwala Mwadzidzidzi (ETU) nthawi yomweyo.
- Ngati mukuona zizindikiro za vuto la ziwengo (matuza pakhungu, kuyabwa, kutupa kwa nkhope/pakhosi, kuvutika kupuma), funsani upangiri wa dokotala nthawi yomweyo.
- Ngakhale kuti iyi ndi vitamini, igwiritseni ntchito pokhapokha ngati dokotala wakupatsani upangiri, mu mlingo womwe mwapatsidwa. Lankhulani momasuka ndi dokotala wanu za nkhawa zanu.
👩🏽⚕️ Mafunso ena (Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri)
💬 Mapiritsi/makapisozi a Dofetilide (Dofetilide / Tikosyn) ndi mankhwala amphamvu kwambiri omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa matenda ati?
Iyi si mankhwala wamba! Iyi ndi mankhwala amphamvu kwambiri komanso omaliza (Class III Antiarrhythmic) omwe madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito kuti abwezeretse mtima ku 'Normal Sinus Rhythm' pamene zipinda zapamwamba za wodwala zimagunda mwadzidzidzi mofulumira kwambiri (Atrial Fibrillation / Atrial Flutter), vuto loopsa kwambiri lomwe zipinda zapamwamba za mtima zimagunda mwadzidzidzi komanso mosalamulirika mofulumira kwambiri!
💬 Mtima ukakhala ukugunda mopanda nzeru, kodi mankhwala awa (Dofetilide) angabwezeretse bwanji kagwiridwe ka mtima?
Mtima umagunda kudzera m'ma signali amagetsi (Action Potentials). Ukagunda mwamphamvu, maselo amagetsi amagunda mofulumira! Chomwe piritsi iyi (Potassium channel blocker) imachita ikalowa mumtima ndikuwonjezera mphamvu ndikuchedwetsa nthawi yomwe imatenga kuti maselo amagetsi a mtima agunde ndikuyambiranso/kupumanso (Repolarization phase / QT interval)! Kenako mtima sungagunde nthawi ina mwachangu ndipo kugunda kwa mtima kumabwerera mwadzidzidzi kukhala kwabwinobwino (pang'onopang'ono).
💬 N’chifukwa chiyani mawu akuti 'Muyenera kukhala m’chipatala kwa masiku atatu (Chenjezo la Black Box)' mukayamba kumwa mankhwala awa (Tikosyn)?
Imeneyo ndiye ngozi yaikulu komanso imfa! Izi zili ngati kupanga kugunda kwa mtima, ndipo mukangomwa mapiritsi angapo, 'kugunda kwa mtima kwakupha (Torsades de pointes / Proarrhythmia)' kungachitike ndipo wodwalayo angamwalire mwadzidzidzi/kugwa chikomokere! Chifukwa chake, kwa masiku atatu oyamba, madokotala amamupatsa wodwalayo ECG ndikuyang'ana impso asanasinthe mlingo.
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