Zinthu zomwe muyenera kudziwa zokhudza Matenda a Mimba (GTD)!

Mwina simunamvepo za matenda a Gestational Trophoblastic Disease (GTD). Koma ndi vuto lomwe nthawi zina limatha kuchitika panthawi ya mimba. Mwachidule, ndi mtundu wa chotupa chomwe chimakula m'chiberekero mwanu, komwe mwana wanu akukula, komanso chokhudzana ndi mimba. Kodi tikambirane izi mwatsatanetsatane?

Zotupa zimenezi zimayamba kupangidwa kuchokera ku maselo otchedwa trophoblasts . Maselo amenewa nthawi zambiri ndi omwe amakula n’kulowa mu placenta panthawi ya mimba. Mukudziwa, placenta ndiye gawo lofunika kwambiri lomwe limalumikiza mwana ndi chiberekero chanu, kupereka mpweya ndi zakudya kwa mwana amene ali mkati mwa chiberekero chanu.

Komabe, mu mkhalidwe uwu wa `GTD`, m'malo mokhala placenta yathanzi, maselo a trophoblast amenewo (monga maselo ofanana ndi placenta) amakula modabwitsa.

Kawirikawiri, GTD imachitika kumayambiriro kwa mimba, umuna ukaphatikiza dzira. Timatchanso mimba za molar . Koma ngakhale izi zimatchedwa mimba, maselo amenewa sakula kukhala mwana wosabadwayo amene amakula kukhala khanda. Nthawi zambiri, izi si matenda a khansa (osaopsa). Komabe, zina mwa izo zimatha kukhala khansa ndikufalikira ku minofu ndi ziwalo zapafupi. Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti GTD ndi matenda ochiritsika. Anthu ambiri amatha kukhala ndi mimba yabwino atatha vutoli.

Kodi ndi zochitika ziti zomwe GTD ingachitike?

Kawirikawiri timanena kuti GTD imachitika kumayambiriro kwa mimba. Komabe, vutoli likhoza kuchitikanso nthawi zina:

• Pambuyo pa mimba yopatsirana, kapena pambuyo pa mimba yopatsirana.
• Pambuyo pa mimba ya m'mimba. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, dzira lobereketsedwa limalowa mu chubu cha mazira m'malo mwa chiberekero.
• Ngakhale mimba itakhala yabwinobwino, sizingachitike kawirikawiri.

Kodi mitundu ya GTD ndi iti? Ndiye tiyeni tiwone?

Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya `GTD`. Zizindikiro zimasiyananso kutengera mtundu wake.

Mimba ya Hydatidiform mole kapena molar

Uwu ndi mtundu wofala kwambiri wa GTD. Umatchedwanso kuti mimba ya molar . Apa ndi pamene, m'malo mwa placenta kapena embryo, chilonda chonga mphesa chimakula m'chiberekero mwanu. Mungamve ngati muli ndi pakati, ndipo mayeso a mimba angakhale abwino. Komabe, ultrasound scan sidzawonetsa mwana amene akukula. Mayeso a mimba amakhala abwino chifukwa cha mahomoni a mimba omwe amapangidwa ndi placenta. Pali mitundu iwiri ya ma hydatidiform moles: ma complete ndi partial hydatidiform moles. Ma mimba ambiri a molar si khansa.

Chizindikiro chodziwika bwino cha mimba ya m'mawere ndi kutuluka magazi kosazolowereka kumaliseche kumayambiriro kwa mimba. Kutuluka magazi kumeneku kumatha kukhala kofiira kapena kofiirira. Nthawi zina kumatha kutsagana ndi kupweteka m'mimba.

Mimba yosalekeza/yosakhazikika ya m'kamwa

Izi zimaonedwa ngati mimba ya molar. Mtundu uwu wa molar moul ungakule n’kukhala minofu ya chiberekero. Mosiyana ndi mitundu ina ya mimba ya molar, molar moul nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi khansa. Ngati sanalandire chithandizo, maselo a khansa amenewa nthawi zambiri amakhalabe mu minofu ya chiberekero, koma nthawi zina amatha kufalikira ku ziwalo zina za thupi kapena minofu.

Choriocarcinoma

Choriocarcinoma ndi mtundu wa GTD womwe umayamba kukula mofulumira ndipo umayamba m'mimba mwa chiberekero chanu ndipo ukhoza kufalikira ku ziwalo zina, monga nyini, mapapo, impso, chiwindi, ndi ubongo. Vutoli ndi losowa kwambiri, koma limapezeka kwambiri mwa anthu omwe adakhalapo ndi mimba ya molar.

Anthu ena sangakhale ndi zizindikiro zilizonse. Koma kwa iwo omwe ali ndi zizindikiro, chizindikiro chofala kwambiri ndi kutuluka magazi m'mimba mwawo pambuyo poti wataya mimba, wataya mimba, kapena watenga mimba ya m'mawere. Anthu ena amathanso kumva kupweteka m'mimba, magazi m'mkodzo, kapena magazi m'chimbudzi.

Chotupa cha trophoblastic cha malo a placental (PSTT)

Chotupa cha trophoblastic chotchedwa placental site (PSTT) ndi mtundu wosowa kwambiri wa GTD. Chimakula pamene placenta imalumikizana ndi chiberekero. PSTT imakula pang'onopang'ono kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, zingatenge zaka zambiri mutatenga mimba kuti zizindikiro ziwonekere. PSTT imatha kufalikira ku minofu ya chiberekero, mitsempha yamagazi, mapapo, m'chiuno, ndi m'maselo a lymph, kotero chithandizo champhamvu chikufunika.

Chotupa cha trophoblastic cha epithelioid (ETT)

Uwu ndi mtundu wa `GTD` wosowa kwambiri, womwe umayambitsa khansa. Monga `PSTT`, ukhozanso kufalikira mpaka m'mapapo. `ETT` imathanso kukula patatha zaka zambiri kuchokera pamene mayi ali ndi pakati.

Kodi vutoli ndi lofala bwanji?

Ku United States, akuti GTD imapezeka pa mimba imodzi pa 1,000. Mtundu wofala kwambiri wa GTD ndi hydatidiform moles, womwe tidakambirana kale. Matenda oopsa kwambiri a GTD, monga choriocarcinoma, amapezeka pa mimba yosakwana imodzi pa 20,000. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ndi osowa kwambiri.

Kodi GTD ikhoza kupha?

Matenda ambiri a `GTD`, makamaka ngati atapezeka msanga, amatha kuchiritsidwa ndikuchiritsidwa kwathunthu.Komabe, pakakhala matenda aakulu, GTD imatha kupha. Ichi ndichifukwa chake kupeza matenda msanga ndi kulandira chithandizo ndikofunikira.

Kodi zizindikiro za GTD ndi ziti?

Anthu ena omwe ali ndi GTD sangakhale ndi zizindikiro zilizonse. Ena akhoza kukhala ndi zizindikiro zofanana ndi za mimba kapena matenda ena. Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro izi, onetsetsani kuti mwaonana ndi dokotala wanu:

• Ngati muli ndi magazi osakhazikika m'mimba, kapena magazi osakhudzana ndi kusamba kwanu pamwezi.
• Ngati chiberekero chanu chikuwoneka chachikulu kuposa momwe mukuganizira pa mimba yanu.
• Ngati muli ndi ululu m'mimba kapena m'chiuno.
• Ngati nseru ndi kusanza zimachitika msanga kuposa momwe zimayembekezeredwa panthawi ya mimba.
• Ngati muli ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi msanga mu mimba, kapena ngati miyendo yanu yatupa.
• Ngati mupitiliza kutuluka magazi kuchokera kumaliseche anu, kaya mutabereka mwana kapena mutapita padera.

Matenda a Mimba a Trophoblastic nthawi zina angayambitse chithokomiro chogwira ntchito mopitirira muyeso . Ngati izi zitachitika, mutha kuwona zizindikiro monga:

• Kugunda kwa mtima kumawonjezeka.
• Kunjenjemera.
• Kuchepetsa thupi.
• Kutuluka thukuta.

Kodi zifukwa za mimba ya m'mimba ndi ziti?

Mwachidule, mu mimba yabwinobwino, dzira likakumana ndi umuna, limakhala ndi chidziwitso chonse chofunikira kuti pakhale mwana wosabadwayo ndi placenta. Timatcha gulu loyambirira la maselowa kuti blastocyst . Mwana wosabadwayo ndi amene pambuyo pake amakula kukhala mwana wosabadwayo. Gawo la maselo a trophoblast limakhala gawo la placenta ndipo limathandiza blastocyst kumamatira ku khoma la chiberekero.

Komabe, pa mimba ya molar, mwana wosabadwayo sakula bwino chifukwa chakuti umuna sunapangidwe. M'malo mwake, maselo a trophoblast amakula kukhala zotupa m'malo mwa placenta yathanzi. Ichi ndiye chifukwa chachikulu.

Kodi mungadziwe bwanji GTD?

Dokotala wanu adzazindikira matenda a GTD mwa kutenga mbiri yanu yonse yachipatala, kuchita mayeso akuthupi, ndikuchita mayeso ena kuti ayang'ane mkati mwa chiberekero chanu. GTD ikhoza kupezeka mwa:

• Kuyezetsa m'chiuno: Dokotala amaika zala zomangira magolovesi mu nyini ndikuyang'ana zizindikiro za matenda, monga ziphuphu kapena matuza, kapena kukula kwa chiberekero.
• Kujambula kwa Ultrasound: Izi zimagwiritsa ntchito mafunde a phokoso kujambula ziwalo zanu zamkati. Ngati dokotala wanu akukayikira kuti GTD ndi yoopsa, ultrasound ya transvaginal idzajambula chiuno chanu ndi chiberekero.
• Kuyezetsa magazi:Pofuna kuthandiza kuzindikira GTD, kuyezetsa magazi kumachitika kuti muyeze kuchuluka kwa zinthu zina m'thupi lanu. Mwachitsanzo, mayi wapakati yemwe ali ndi GTD akhoza kukhala ndi mahomoni ambiri otchedwa human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) kuposa mayi wapakati wopanda GTD. Ngati khansa yafalikira ku minofu kapena ziwalo zina, thupi lanu likhoza kupanga zinthu zina zambiri kapena zochepa zomwe zimasonyeza matendawa.

Kudziwa magawo a matendawa

Mukapezeka ndi GTD, dokotala wanu angakupatseni mayeso ena kuti aone ngati khansa yafalikira mbali zina za thupi lanu. Kuyeza magawo ndi njira yodziwira kutalika ndi kuchuluka kwa khansayo. Zotsatirazi zimathandiza madokotala kudziwa gawo la khansa yomwe muli nayo.

Magawo a khansa amalembedwa m'manambala achiroma monga I, II, III, ndi IV. Chiwerengero chikakhala chachikulu, khansa imafalikira kwambiri.

Mayeso omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kudziwa magawo a `GTD` akhoza kukhala:

• Kujambula kwa CT (Computed tomography - CT scan): Izi zimagwiritsa ntchito X-rays ndi kompyuta kuti zipange chithunzi cha minofu ndi mafupa cha magawo atatu (3D).
• Kujambula kwa MRI (Magnetic resonance imaging - MRI): Izi zimagwiritsa ntchito maginito ndi mafunde a wailesi kuti apange zithunzi zathunthu za thupi lanu. Dokotala akhoza kubaya chinthu chotchedwa gadolinium m'mitsempha yanu, chifukwa chinthuchi chimapangitsa maselo a khansa kuwoneka bwino pachithunzichi.
• X-ray ya pachifuwa: Imeneyi imagwiritsa ntchito kuwala kowunikira kuti ione mapapu anu, ziwalo zina zomwe zili mkati mwa pachifuwa chanu, ndi mafupa.

Kodi GTD imachiritsidwa bwanji?

Njira zochiritsira matenda a Mimba zimasiyana. Pali zinthu zingapo zomwe zimakhudza matendawa. Monga:

• Mtundu wa `GTD`, kukula kwa chotupacho, ndi komwe chili.
• Kaya chotupacho chafalikira, kapena kuti chafika pati.
• Kaya chotupacho chinachitika panthawi ya mimba, kapena pambuyo poti mimba yapita kapena pobereka.
• Thanzi lanu lonse.
• Mbiri yanu yachipatala komanso ngati mudalandirapo chithandizo cha GTD kale.
• Mapulani anu okhala ndi ana.

Dokotala wanu adzasankha chithandizo choyenera kwambiri pa vuto lanu. Nazi njira zina zochizira matenda a GTD:

• Opaleshoni: Opaleshoni yochotsa minofu ndi maselo osazolowereka m'chiberekero. Opaleshoni yodziwika kwambiri ya GTD ndi dilation and curettage (D&C) . Izi zimaphatikizapo kutsegula khomo lachiberekero ndikuyeretsa chiberekero.
• Chemotherapy: Chemotherapy, kapena "chemo," ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera khansa.
• Chithandizo cha radiation:Chithandizo cha radiation chimagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yamphamvu yowononga maselo a khansa ndikuchepetsa zotupa.
• Kuchotsa mimba: Kuchotsa mimba ndi opaleshoni yochotsa chiberekero chanu. Nthawi zina ziwalo zina, monga machubu a fallopian ndi mazira, zimathanso kuchotsedwa.

Inu ndi dokotala wanu muyenera kukambirana za mankhwala omwe alipo, komanso zoopsa ndi zotsatirapo zake.

Kodi GTD ikhoza kubwereranso?

Inde, Matenda a Mimba a Trophoblastic Disease amatha kubwereranso. Kutengera mtundu wa GTD womwe munali nawo poyamba komanso momwe munayankhira chithandizo, pali chiopsezo chochepa choti matendawa abwererenso. Ichi ndichifukwa chake madokotala apitiliza kukuyang'anirani mukalandira chithandizo.

Kodi ndingathe kukhala ndi mwana pambuyo pa GTD?

Inde, ndithudi! Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi mbiri ya `GTD` amatha kukhala ndi mimba yabwinobwino komanso yathanzi. Komabe, kutengera mbiri yanu, dokotala wanu angakulangizeni kuti muyesedwenso mimba zina pambuyo pake.

Kodi GTD ingapewedwe?

Palibe njira yopewera matenda a mimba otchedwa Gestational Trophoblastic Disease. Ichi ndi chinthu chomwe sitingathe kuchiletsa.

Zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a GTD

Ngakhale kuti Matenda a Mimba ndi matenda osowa kwambiri, pali zinthu zina zomwe simungathe kuziletsa zomwe zingakulitse chiopsezo chanu chotenga matendawa. Zinthu izi ndi monga:

• Zaka zanu. Anthu opitirira zaka 35 ndi osapitirira zaka 20 ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda a GTD.
• Ngati munakhalapo ndi mimba ya m'mimba .
• Ngati wina m'banjamo adakhalapo ndi mimba ya m'kamwa, zikutanthauza kuti mbiri ya banja lake ikukhudzidwa.

Ndiye, ndi zinthu ziti zomwe tiyenera kukumbukira kuchokera pa zonsezi?

Mukazindikira kuti muli ndi matenda a Gestational Trophoblastic Disease (GTD), n'zachibadwa kukhala ndi mantha, nkhawa, komanso chisoni. Zingakhalenso zovuta kupirira kutaya mimba yanu komanso kulandira matenda ovuta chonchi nthawi imodzi.

Koma kumbukirani kuti dokotala wanu adzachita mayeso osiyanasiyana, kumvetsetsa vuto lanu lenileni, ndikupeza chithandizo choyenera. Chofunika ndichakuti nthawi zambiri, 'GTD' ndi vuto lochiritsika. Mwayi wanu woti mutengenso pakati (ngati mukufuna) ndi wabwino kwambiri.

Funani thandizo kwa achibale anu, anzanu, ndi madokotala panthawi yovutayi. Ndipo musabise chilichonse, ndipo musaope kufunsa mafunso. Simuli nokha, tonse tili nanu.

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