Zinthu zomwe muyenera kudziwa zokhudza kusamutsa mtima

Kodi dokotala wanu walankhula nanu za 'kuika mtima' chifukwa cha vuto la mtima? Kapena mwamvapo za vutoli koma simukudziwa bwino lomwe? Ndizachibadwa kuchita mantha komanso kufuna kudziwa zambiri za opaleshoniyi chifukwa ndi opaleshoni yaikulu komanso yovuta. Choncho lero, tiyeni tikambirane za tanthauzo la kuyika mtima ndi momwe tingathanirane nalo, mosavuta komanso momveka bwino.

Mwachidule, kodi kusamutsa mtima n’chiyani?

Mwachidule, kusamutsa mtima ndi opaleshoni yochotsa mtima wanu wodwala komanso wosagwira ntchito bwino ndikuyika mtima wathanzi kuchokera kwa wopereka. Iyi si opaleshoni yachilendo. Ndi njira yomaliza kwa munthu amene ali ndi vuto la mtima lomwe silingathe kuchiritsidwa ndi mankhwala ena kapena chithandizo china chilichonse . Komabe, popeza pali mitima yochepa ya wopereka, muyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira zina kuti muyenerere opaleshoniyi.

Ndani akufunika kuikidwa mtima?

Chithandizochi chikufunika kwa anthu omwe mtima wawo wawonongeka kwamuyaya ndipo ndi wofooka kwambiri moti sangathe kupopa magazi okwanira kuti akwaniritse zosowa za thupi. Pali zinthu zingapo zazikulu zomwe zingayambitse izi.

N’chifukwa chiyani opaleshoni imeneyi ndi yosowa kwambiri?

Kuika mtima m'malo olumikizirana mafupa ndi chinthu chosowa kwambiri. Pali zifukwa ziwiri zazikulu zomwe zimapangitsa izi:

• Kusowa kwa wopereka: Pakufunika munthu amene angapereke mtima wathanzi. Komanso, wopereka ndi wolandira ayenera kukhala ndi mtundu wa magazi wogwirizana ndipo akhale ndi kukula kofanana. Ngati "kugwirizana" kumeneku si kwangwiro, thupi limatha kukana mtima watsopano.
• Kuvuta kwa opaleshoni: Iyi ndi opaleshoni yovuta kwambiri. Zipatala zochepa zokha zomwe zili ndi zipangizo zapadera komanso akatswiri ndi zomwe zingachite opaleshoniyi.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani opaleshoni isanachitike? (Njira Yochitira)

Izi si zinthu zomwe zimachitika nthawi imodzi. Izi ndi njira yayitali.

1. Kutumiza kwa dokotala wanu: Choyamba, dokotala wanu akupatseni chithandizo ayenera kukutumizani kuchipatala chomwe chili ndi pulogalamu yoika mtima.

2. Kuwunika: Kenako, mudzawunikiridwa bwino kuti muwone ngati muli oyenerera opaleshoniyi. Izi zili choncho chifukwa muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito bwino mtima wanu wochepa. Kuwunikaku kumaphatikizapo zinthu zingapo:

• Mayeso azachipatala: Mayeso a magazi, mkodzo, ntchito ya impso, matenda osiyanasiyana (HIV, Hepatitis, TB) amayesedwa. Komanso, mayeso ambiri amachitidwa monga X-ray, (CT) scans, (MRI), (Echocardiogram), (ECG). Ndikofunikira kupewa mowa, kusuta fodya (kuphatikizapo vaping), ndi mankhwala ena osokoneza bongo.
• Mayeso a zamaganizo ndi a mitsempha: Opaleshoni iyi idzakhala kusintha kwakukulu m'moyo wanu. Kutha kwanu kuthana ndi vutoli m'maganizo ndi chithandizo chomwe mumalandira kuchokera kwa banja lanu kudzawunikidwanso.
• Kuyezetsa mano: Musadabwe, thanzi la mano limakhudza kwambiri mtima. Matenda m'mano amatha kuyenda kudzera m'magazi kupita kumtima ndikuwononga.

3. Mndandanda Woyembekezera: Ngati mupambana mayeso onsewa, mudzaikidwa pamndandanda woyembekezera. Malo anu pamndandandawu adzatsimikiziridwa ndi kuopsa kwa vuto lanu.

4. Chithandizo cha Bridge: Ili ndi dzina loperekedwa ku mankhwala omwe amaperekedwa kuti athetse vuto lanu mpaka mtima utapezeka. Izi zitha kulamulidwa ndi mankhwala, kapena makina omwe amagwira ntchito yothandiza mtima (monga ``Chida Chothandizira Kumanzere kwa Ventricular - LVAD'') akhoza kulumikizidwa kwakanthawi ndi thupi.

Momwe opaleshoni imachitikira

Mukangodziwitsidwa kuti mtima wofanana wapezeka, mudzakhala okonzeka kuchitidwa opaleshoni. Iyi ndi njira yovuta yomwe ingatenge maola angapo.

• Choyamba, mudzagonekedwa pansi pa mankhwala oletsa ululu. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mudzagonekedwa tulo tofa nato komwe simudzamva chilichonse.
• Kenako, mudzalumikizidwa ku makina otchedwa ``ventilator'' kuti mupitirize kupuma.
• Pa opaleshoniyi, mudzalumikizidwa ndi makina apadera otchedwa cardiopulmonary bypass machine kuti agwire ntchito ya mtima ndi mapapo anu. Makina awa ndi omwe amachititsa kuti magazi anu aziyenda bwino m'thupi lanu lonse.
• Kenako, madokotala opaleshoni amachotsa mtima wanu wodwala mosamala.
• Pomaliza, mtima wathanzi woperekedwa umatengedwa, kulumikizidwa ku mitsempha yanu yayikulu yamagazi, ndikuyambiranso kugwira ntchito.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani pambuyo pa opaleshoni?

Mukachita opaleshoni, muyenera kukhala m'chipatala kwa milungu pafupifupi imodzi kapena itatu. Kwa masiku angapo oyamba, mudzakhala m'chipinda chosamalira odwala kwambiri (ICU), komwe mudzayang'aniridwa maola 24 patsiku.

Mungapemphedwenso kuti mulowe nawo pulogalamu yothandiza anthu odwala matenda a mtima, yomwe ingakuthandizeni pang'onopang'ono kulimbitsa mphamvu zanu komanso kugwira ntchito bwino kwa mtima wanu.

Kuletsa Chitetezo cha Mthupi

Ichi ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri mukatha opaleshoni. Ganizirani thupi lanu ngati dziko. Chitetezo cha mthupi ndi gulu lankhondo la dzikolo. Chilichonse chochokera kunja (mavairasi, mabakiteriya) gulu lankhondoli limachiwona ngati mdani ndipo limaukiridwa. Popeza mtima watsopanowo ndi 'wachilendo' m'thupi, gulu lankhondoli limayesetsanso kuwuukira. Izi zimatchedwa "kukana ziwalo" .

Kuti mupewe izi, muyenera kumwa mankhwala oletsa chitetezo chamthupi kwa moyo wanu wonse. Mankhwalawa amagwira ntchito pochepetsa mphamvu ya gululo ndikuletsa mtima watsopano kugunda.

Kodi zoopsa za opaleshoni iyi ndi ziti?

Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi opaleshoni yaikulu iliyonse, pali zoopsa zake. Zoopsa zake zazikulu ndi izi:

• Kukana kwa ziwalo za mtima watsopano.
• Kuwonjezeka kwa chiopsezo chotenga matenda chifukwa cha mankhwala omwe amaletsa chitetezo chamthupi.
• Mavuto a mitsempha yamagazi mumtima wopatulidwa (Cardiac allograft vasculopathy - CAV)
• Matenda a impso.
• Kuthamanga kwa magazi (BP).
• Kusakhazikika kwa mtima (Arrhythmias).
• Kuopsa kwa khansa pakapita nthawi (chifukwa cha mankhwala oletsa chitetezo cha mthupi).

Dokotala wanu adzakambirana nanu mwatsatanetsatane za zoopsa izi.

Zizindikiro zomwe zimafuna ETU (Emergency Treatment Unit) mwachangu

Ngati mukuona chinthu chonga ichi muli kunyumba, pitani ku Dipatimenti Yothandiza Padzidzidzi (ETU) yapafupi kapena imbani 1990 nthawi yomweyo .

• Malungo.
• Mafinya kapena madzimadzi akutuluka pabala la opaleshoni.
• Kufiira kapena kutentha mozungulira bala.
• Kumva ngati fupa la pachifuwa (sternum) lanu likusuntha, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mumveke ngati "kudina" mukasuntha.