Kodi mumamva mawu wamba kwambiri? Tiyeni tikambirane za izi (Hyperacusis)!

Kodi nthawi zina mumapeza kuti mawu wamba omwe mumamva tsiku lililonse, mawu omwe ena samawakonda, ndi okwera kwambiri komanso okwiyitsa? Ngati wina wakweza voliyumu kwambiri. Ngati ndi choncho, nkhaniyi idzakhala yofunika kwambiri kwa inu. Lero tikambirana za mtundu uwu wa vuto. Mu sayansi ya zamankhwala, izi zimatchedwa (Hyperacusis) kapena hypersensitivity ku mawu.

Kodi Hyperacusis ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, hyperacusis ndi vuto la kumva losowa kwambiri. Ndi vuto lomwe mawu omwe nthawi zambiri amamveka kwa ena amakhala okwera kwambiri, nthawi zina opweteka, kwa munthu amene ali ndi vutoli. Anthu ena amatchanso izi kuti "kulekerera mawu pang'ono," kapena DST. Taganizirani izi, nthawi zambiri timamva mawu osiyanasiyana pamlingo wosiyana. Koma kwa munthu amene ali ndi hyperacusis, chilichonse chimamveka ngati voliyumu yakwezedwa mpaka pamlingo wapamwamba kwambiri.

Nazi mawu ena omwe timamva tsiku ndi tsiku, koma omwe angakhale ovuta kwa munthu amene ali ndi vuto la hyperacusis kupirira:

• Phokoso la anthu akulankhula.
• Phokoso la injini ya galimoto ikuyenda.
• Phokoso la pompo la madzi kukhitchini likuyaka.
• Phokoso limamveka pamene zipangizo zamagetsi m'nyumba zikuyatsidwa (monga blender, vacuum cleaner).
• Phokoso la munthu akutembenuza masamba a buku kapena nyuzipepala.
• Ngakhale mawu omveka pang'ono kwambiri amamveka motere.

Izi zingakhudzenso thanzi lanu la maganizo. Mungakumane ndi zinthu monga kukwiya nthawi zonse komanso kusakhazikika. (Hyperacusis) ingakhudzenso maubwenzi anu ndi anthu ena. Anthu ena amapewa zochitika zapagulu kuti apewe phokoso lopitirira muyeso.

Kumva kwambiri nthawi zambiri kumachitika limodzi ndi tinnitus . Kumva kwambiri ndi kumva mawu osiyanasiyana m'makutu (monga kulira, kuyimba mluzu, kudina, kubangula), zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kutaya kumva. Komabe, si milandu yonse ya hyperacusis yomwe imakhudza tinnitus kapena kutaya kumva.

Kodi vutoli (Hyperacusis) ndi lofala bwanji?

Ndipotu, madokotala sakudziwa zambiri zokhudza matenda a hyperacusis. Chimodzi mwa zinthu zomwe sakudziwa ndi kuchuluka kwa matendawa. Ofufuza akuyerekeza kuti pakati pa 3.2% ndi 17.1% ya ana ndi achinyamata akhoza kukhala ndi matenda a hyperacusis. Pakati pa akuluakulu, chiwerengerochi chili pakati pa 8% ndi 15.2% .

Koma n'zovuta kunena momwe zimakhalira zofala. Chifukwa anthu omwe ali ndi hyperacusis amafotokoza zizindikiro zawo kutengera zomwe adakumana nazo, zimatha kusiyana pakati pa munthu ndi munthu. Komanso, palibe njira imodzi yovomerezeka padziko lonse yodziwira kapena kuyeza hyperacusis. Ofufuza akuphunzirabe za hyperacusis, komanso kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe ali nayo.

Kodi zizindikiro za hyperacusis ndi ziti?

Ngati muli ndi hyperacusis, mawu omwe ndi achibadwa kwa ena akhoza kukhala ovuta, osapiririka, opweteka, komanso owopsa kwa inu.Phokoso ili lingamveke ngati vuto pang'ono, kapena lingamveke ngati mukutaya mphamvu zanu, kapena lingakhale lalikulu kwambiri moti lingayambitse matenda otchedwa "kugwidwa ndi khunyu".

Zizindikiro zina zomwe zingawonekere ndi izi:

• Kulira m'makutu mwanu.
• Kupweteka kwa khutu.
• Kumva kupanikizika ndi kudzaza m'makutu (monga momwe mumamvera makutu anu asanagwe "mu ndege").

Zizindikirozi zingakhudze thanzi lanu la maganizo komanso moyo wanu waubwenzi. Kukhala ndi phokoso losasangalatsa komanso losasangalatsa nthawi zonse kungayambitse mavuto monga:

• Nkhawa.
• Kuvutika maganizo.
• Mavuto mu ubale.
• Kudzipatula pagulu komanso kupewa zochitika zapagulu.

Zizindikirozi zimatha kuipiraipira mukakhala ndi nkhawa , kutopa , kapena ngati mukuyenera kupita kumalo komwe mumayembekezera kuti phokoso lidzakhala losapiririka.

N’chifukwa chiyani izi (Hyperacusis) zimachitika? Kodi zimayambitsa chiyani?

Ofufuza akuyesetsabe kupeza chomwe chimayambitsa hyperacusis. N'zotheka kuti ziwalo za ubongo wathu zomwe zimalamulira momwe timamvera kusonkhezera zikupanga mawu amphamvu kwambiri. Ndi hyperacusis, ubongo wanu umamva mawu momveka bwino mosasamala kanthu za kuchuluka kwake, kaya ndi otsika (ngati bingu), apakati (ngati mawu a munthu), kapena okwera (ngati siren kapena whistle).

Pali malingaliro osiyanasiyana pankhaniyi. Lingaliro limodzi ndi lakuti hyperacusis ingayambitsidwe ndi kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo za mitsempha yathu yomvera . Mitsempha yomvera imanyamula mawu kuchokera mkati mwa khutu lathu kupita ku ubongo, komwe timamva. Lingaliro lina ndi lakuti hyperacusis ingayambitsidwe ndi kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha ya nkhope . Mitsempha ya nkhope imalamulira minofu ya stapedius m'makutu mwathu, yomwe imalamulira phokoso. Matenda ambiri okhudzana ndi hyperacusis (monga Bell's palsy, Ramsay Hunt syndrome, matenda a Lyme) angayambitsenso kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha ya nkhope.

Komabe, palibe chifukwa chimodzi chomwe chimakhudza milandu yonse ya hyperacusis. M'malo mwake, chagwirizanitsidwa ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana komanso matenda omwe angayambitse vutoli.

Zina mwa zinthu zomwe zimakhudza izi ndi izi:

• Kukumana ndi phokoso lalikulu kwa nthawi yayitali: Hyperacusis imapezeka kwambiri mwa anthu omwe amamvetsera nyimbo zokweza kwa nthawi yayitali, monga oimba nyimbo za rock, kapena omwe amagwira ntchito m'malo okweza, monga ogwira ntchito zomangamanga.
• Kukumana mwadzidzidzi ndi phokoso lalikulu: Anthu ena amakhala ndi hyperacusis atamva phokoso ladzidzidzi, monga kuwombera mfuti kapena zozimitsa moto.

Matenda a hyperacusis nthawi zambiri amapezeka limodzi ndi matenda monga tinnitus (mpaka 86%) ndi Williams syndrome (mpaka 90%). Pafupifupi theka la omwe amapezeka ndi matenda a hyperacusis alinso ndi matenda ena monga nkhawa.

Matenda omwe angagwirizane ndi hyperacusis:

• Nkhawa
• Matenda a Autism (Autism)`
• Matenda a Bell
• Kuvutika maganizo
• Matenda a Down
• Matenda a m'makutu (monga otitis media)
• Kuvulala mutu
• Matenda a Lyme
• Matenda a Meniere
• Mutu wopweteka kwambiri
• Matenda ovutika maganizo pambuyo pa zoopsa (PTSD)
• Matenda a Ramsay Hunt
• Matenda a Superior Canal Dehiscence Syndrome (SCDS)
• Matenda a Temporomandibular joint (TMJ)
• Kulira kwa tinnitus
• Matenda a Williams

Anthu ena amatha kukhala ndi zizindikiro za hyperacusis atachitidwa opaleshoni kapena chifukwa cha mankhwala enaake.

Kodi mungadziwe bwanji ngati muli ndi hyperacusis?

Zingakhale zovuta kuzizindikira, chifukwa si onse opereka chithandizo chamankhwala omwe amadziwa bwino za hyperacusis. Mungafunike kuonana ndi katswiri wa khutu, mphuno, ndi pakhosi (ENT specialist) ndi/kapena katswiri wa zomvera kuti akuthandizeni kuzindikira vutoli.

Kuzindikira matendawa kungaphatikizepo:

• Mbiri ya zachipatala: Wopereka chithandizo chamankhwala wanu adzaganizira zinthu zomwe zingakubweretsereni mavuto, monga mavuto a thanzi (monga nkhawa kapena kuvutika maganizo), kukhudzidwa ndi phokoso lalikulu, kapena kuwonongeka kwa makutu anu.
• Kuyezetsa: Adzafufuza mavuto aliwonse omwe ali m'makutu mwanu omwe angakhale okhudzana ndi hyperacusis yanu. Angakuyezeni mayeso monga tympanometry kuti awone momwe ntchafu yanu ya diso imayendera. Angayang'anenso mitsempha yanu ya cranial kuti awone ngati pali vuto lililonse ndi ntchito ya mitsempha yanu ya nkhope.
• Mayeso a kumva: Mayeso akumva amagwiritsidwa ntchito kudziwa mulingo wa kumva kwanu. Angathenso kuwona mulingo wa kuvutika kwanu ndi phokoso (LDL) . LDL imasonyeza mulingo womwe mumayamba kumva mawu okwera kwambiri kuti musamve. Dokotala wanu angakufunseninso kuti mudzaze mafunso okhudza kumva kwanu kuti awone momwe hyperacusis yanu ikukhudzirani. Mafunso awa awonetsa momwe hyperacusis yanu ikusokonezera moyo wanu watsiku ndi tsiku.

Ngati dokotala wanu akukayikira kuti hyperacusis yanu imayamba chifukwa cha vuto la kapangidwe kake, monga kufooka kwa mitsempha ya nkhope, angakupatseni njira zojambulira zithunzi.Mungapemphedwenso ntchito ya labu ngati mukukayikira kuti hyperacusis yanu imayamba chifukwa cha matenda monga matenda a Lyme.

Kodi mankhwala a hyperacusis ndi ati?

Palibe chithandizo chokhazikika cha hyperacusis. M'malo mwake, chithandizo nthawi zambiri chimayang'ana kwambiri kuchepetsa zizindikiro zakuthupi ndi kuphunzitsa njira zothandizira kuthana ndi kupsinjika maganizo komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha hyperacusis. Mankhwalawa ndi awa:

• Chithandizo cha mawu: Cholinga chake ndi kukupangitsani kuti pang'onopang'ono (ndipo mosamala) mumve phokoso lochulukirapo, zomwe pamapeto pake zimakufikitsani pamlingo womwe mungathe kupirira. Choyamba, mumamva phokoso lomasuka komanso lochepa. Pakatha milungu ingapo, voliyumu imawonjezeka pang'onopang'ono, zomwe zimakuthandizani kuti muzolowere milingo yapamwamba.
• Chithandizo cha khalidwe la maganizo (CBT): CBT imaphunzitsa anthu momwe angathanirane ndi kupsinjika maganizo ndi malingaliro oipa okhudzana ndi phokoso lalikulu. Izi zingathandize kuchepetsa mantha ndi nkhawa zokhudzana ndi hyperacusis. Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti CBT ikhoza kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa phokoso la LDL (low-density lipoprotein) mwa anthu omwe ali ndi hyperacusis.
• Chithandizo chobwezeretsa tinnitus (TRT): Ngakhale kuti TRT nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza tinnitus, ingagwiritsidwenso ntchito pochiza hyperacusis. TRT imaphatikizapo kuphunzitsa odwala za matenda awo, uphungu, ndi chithandizo cha mawu. Mu TRT, mumamvetsera mawu otonthoza otchedwa "pink noise" kudzera m'mahedifoni apadera. Phokoso la pinki limafanana ndi phokoso la mvula kapena mphepo. Phokoso la pinki limapanga malo omveka bwino komanso omveka bwino, kotero kuti mawu omwe akanakhala ovuta kwa inu sangakhale osasangalatsa kwambiri.
• Opaleshoni: Pofuna kuchiza matenda a hyperacusis okhudzana ndi kufooka kwa mitsempha ya nkhope, dokotala wanu angachite opaleshoni yozungulira komanso yolimbitsa mawindo . Opaleshoni iyi imagwiritsa ntchito minofu yomwe ili kumbuyo kwa khutu lanu kuti ipereke chithandizo cha mafupa ( ossicles ) omwe ali mkati mwa khutu lanu omwe amathandiza kuwongolera mphamvu ya mawu. Opaleshoni iyi ingathandize kukweza milingo ya LDL.

Kodi Hyperacusis ingachiritsidwe kwathunthu?

Palibe mankhwala enieni a hyperacusis, koma kutengera chifukwa chake, zizindikiro zanu zimatha kusintha pakapita nthawi. Mwachitsanzo, hyperacusis mutachitidwa opaleshoni imatha kutha mutachira opaleshoni. Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a Ménière angazindikire kuchepa kwa zizindikiro za hyperacusis pamene matendawa akupita patsogolo.

Kodi muyenera kuyembekezera chiyani mukakhala ndi vutoli?

Ogwira ntchito zachipatala ndi ofufuza zachipatala akuphunzirabe za zotsatira za nthawi yayitali za hyperacusis. Kwa anthu ambiri, hyperacusis ndi matenda a nthawi yayitali omwe amaphunzira kuthana nawo ndi chithandizo. Kwa ena, zizindikiro zimatha pambuyo pa opaleshoni kapena pamene vuto lomwe likuyambitsa matendawa lachiritsidwa.

Ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala nthawi yanji?

Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi zizindikiro za hyperacusis amayamba ayesa kuletsa phokoso lozungulira iwo povala zotchingira makutu kapena mahedifoni. Angapewenso kusonkhana. Koma zinthuzi zingapangitse kuti vutoli liipireipire. Anthu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mahedifoni kapena zotchingira makutu angapeze kuti phokosolo ndi lalikulu kwambiri akachotsedwa. Kudzipatula kungayambitsenso kapena kukulitsa mavuto amisala.

Musayese kuthana ndi zizindikiro zanu nokha. M'malo mwake, pitani kwa dokotala ngati muli ndi zizindikiro za hyperacusis. Zingatenge nthawi kuti mudziwe chomwe chikuyambitsa vutoli, koma pali mankhwala omwe angakuthandizeni.

Kodi Hyperacusis ndi matenda amisala?

Ayi, hyperacusis si matenda amisala. Hyperacusis ndi vuto la kumva. Komabe, nthawi zambiri limagwirizanitsidwa ndi matenda amisala monga nkhawa ndi kupsinjika maganizo. Kukhala ndi phokoso lochulukirapo, lomwe ndi khalidwe la hyperacusis, kungakhudze thanzi lanu la maganizo. Kuopa phokoso lakumva, komanso kudzipatula kuti muteteze kumva kwanu, kungapangitse kuti zizindikiro za hyperacusis zikhale zovuta kwambiri.

Ngati mukumva phokoso lalikulu kwambiri moti simungathe kulipirira, onani dokotala. Kuyesa kuletsa phokoso pogwiritsa ntchito mahedifoni oletsa phokoso kapena ma plug a m'makutu kungapangitse kuti zizindikiro zanu ziwonjezeke kwambiri pakapita nthawi. Zingatenge nthawi kuti mudziwe chomwe chikuyambitsa vuto lanu, koma pali mankhwala omwe angathandize. Chithandizo cha mawu ndi chithandizo chamaganizo (CBT) zawonetsedwa kuti zimathandiza anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la hyperacusis kuthana ndi zizindikiro zawo. Ngati hyperacusis imayamba chifukwa cha matenda enaake, chithandizocho chingathandizenso.

Ndiye, kodi ndi zinthu ziti zofunika kwambiri zomwe tiyenera kukumbukira?

Chabwino, tiyeni tiwone zina mwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri zomwe muyenera kukumbukira zokhudza hyperacusis iyi:

• Hyperacusis ndi vuto lomwe ngakhale mawu wamba amakhala okwera kwambiri moti simungathe kuwapirira. Si vuto lanu.
• Uwu si matenda amisala, koma ukhoza kugwirizanitsidwa ndi mavuto amisala (monga nkhawa ndi kuvutika maganizo).
• Pakhoza kukhala zifukwa zambiri, ndipo nthawi zina zimakhala zovuta kupeza chifukwa chenicheni.
• Kuyesa kuchepetsa phokoso pogwiritsa ntchito zinthu monga ma earplugs okha kungapangitse kuti vutoli liipireipire.
• Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro izi, onetsetsani kuti mwapeza upangiri kwa dokotala. Pitani kwa katswiri wa makutu, mphuno, ndi pakhosi kapena katswiri wa zomvera.
• Pali njira zochiritsira zomwe zilipo. Zinthu monga chithandizo cha mawu ndi chithandizo chamaganizo (CBT) zingakuthandizeni kukhala ndi vutoli.
• Simuli nokha. Musaope kulankhula za izi ndikupempha thandizo.

Choncho, ngati inu kapena munthu amene mumamudziwa akukumana ndi vuto lamtunduwu, chonde funsani upangiri kwa dokotala. Tikukufunirani kuti muchire mwachangu!

Hyperacusis , kukhudzidwa ndi phokoso, matenda a khutu, phokoso lalikulu, tinnitus, kutayika kwa kumva, thanzi la maganizo