Nthawi zina mumangomva chimfine, chifuwa, komanso kupuma movutikira, sichoncho? Zimakhala bwino pakatha masiku awiri kapena atatu. Koma ngati izi zipitirira kuchitika, makamaka ngati zizindikirozi zikuwonjezeka mukapita kunyumba kwanu kapena kuntchito, sizingakhale zachilendo. Lero tikulankhula za vuto lomwe lingakhale lalikulu pang'ono, koma lomwe anthu ambiri sakudziwa. Ndilo Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis, kapena HP mwachidule.
Mwachidule, kodi Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis (HP) ndi chiyani?
Kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ya chibayo (HP), kunena zoona, ndi vuto la chifuwa lomwe limakhudza mapapu athu. Koma izi sizili ngati vuto la chifuwa lomwe timadziwa nthawi zambiri ndi mungu kapena fumbi. Chomwe chimachitika pamenepa ndichakuti tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta mpweya (alveoli) m'mapapu athu timachita zinthu mopitirira muyeso ku tinthu tating'onoting'ono kwambiri (tomwe timatcha kuti allergens) tomwe timapuma. Izi zimayambitsa kutupa, kapena kutupa , m'tinthu ta mpweya.
Zizindikirozi zimatha kubwera mwadzidzidzi (zoopsa) ndikutha msanga, kapena zimatha kuwonjezeka pang'onopang'ono pakapita nthawi ndikupitirira (zosatha).
Kodi izi zikusiyana bwanji ndi ziwengo wamba?
Tangoganizirani, mukakhala ndi vuto la fumbi, mumatuluka madzi m'mphuno ndi kuyetsemula. Koma ndi HP, zimakhala zosiyana. Tikamakumana ndi tinthu tomwe timayambitsa izi, ndiko kuti, tikamapuma mpweya, mapapu athu amatha kuwonongeka kosatha . Pakapita nthawi, zipsera zimatha kuchitika m'mapapo. Timatcha vutoli kuti ' interstitial lung disease '. Chifukwa chake si bwino kuganiza kuti ndi vuto lachibadwa.
Ndani ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda a chibayo otchedwa Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis?
Ngakhale kuti matendawa angakhudze aliyense, anthu omwe amagwira ntchito zinazake komanso okhala m'malo enaake ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chifukwa nthawi zonse amapuma tinthu tomwe timayambitsa matendawa. Tiyeni tiwone kuti ndi ndani.
| Gulu la zoopsa | Kufotokozera kosavuta |
|---|---|
| Anthu ogwira ntchito m'mafamu | Anthu omwe nthawi zambiri amakumana ndi zinthu monga ng'ombe, ndiwo zamasamba, udzu, ndi tirigu amatha kupuma nkhungu ndi mabakiteriya. |
| Anthu ogwira ntchito ndi zinyama | Madokotala a ziweto, anthu olera mbalame kapena nkhuku, ndi anthu oyeretsa makola a mbalame amatha kupuma tinthu tating'onoting'ono kuchokera ku ndowe za mbalame ndi nthenga. |
| Opanga matabwa ndi okonza matabwa | Kupuma fumbi la matabwa ndi nkhungu zomwe zimamera pa matabwa. |
| Anthu ogwira ntchito mumakampani opanga zitsulo | Kupuma tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta mankhwala tomwe timatulutsidwa panthawi yokonza zitsulo. |
| Malo okhala m'nyumba | Kupuma nkhungu ndi mabakiteriya kuchokera ku makina onyowetsa mpweya osasamalidwa bwino, makina a AC, ma hot tub, ndi zina zotero. Kugwiritsa ntchito mapilo ndi matiresi opangidwa ndi nthenga za mbalame nakonso ndi chiopsezo. |
| Zaka | Kawirikawiri amapezeka kwambiri mwa anthu azaka zapakati pa 50 ndi 70. |
Chofunika ndichakuti, matendawa amapezeka pamene chitetezo cha mthupi chanu chimayamba "kukhudzidwa kwambiri" ndi chinthu china. Si mlimi aliyense kapena wobereketsa mbalame amene amadwala matendawa.
Kodi zizindikiro za matendawa ndi ziti?
Zizindikiro za matenda a HP zitha kubwera m'njira ziwiri zazikulu: Choyamba ndi zizindikiro zadzidzidzi ndipo china ndi zizindikiro zosatha .
| HP yoopsa | Matenda a HP osatha |
|---|---|
| Zizindikiro zimenezi zimaonekera patangopita maola ochepa kuchokera pamene munthu wakumana ndi zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa ndipo zimatha patangopita masiku ochepa. Zingamveke ngati chimfine. | |
| - Kuvuta kupuma (kupuma movutikira) | - Kupuma movutikira mukamachita masewera olimbitsa thupi kapena kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi |
| - Chifuwa chouma | - Chifuwa chosalekeza |
| - Kumva kupsinjika pachifuwa | - Kutopa kwambiri |
| - Kumva kuzizira, kunjenjemera | - Kuchepetsa thupi popanda chifukwa |
| - Malungo | - Kusewera ndi zala |
| - Kupweteka kwa thupi | |
Matenda a HP osatha amayamba pang'onopang'ono, kotero simungazindikire poyamba. Chinthu choyamba chomwe mungazindikire ndi chakuti "Ndimamva kutopa ndikakwera masitepe angapo tsopano kuposa kale."
Kodi mungazindikire bwanji matendawa?
Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro izi, dokotala wanu adzakufunsani kaye za ntchito yanu, zosangalatsa zanu, ndi zina zotero., adzakufunsani mafunso ambiri okhudza malo anu okhala. Izi zikupatsani lingaliro la zomwe mungakhale ndi vuto la ziwengo. Kenako, dokotala adzamvetsera mapapu anu ndi stethoscope ndikuyang'ana kuchuluka kwa mpweya m'mapapo mwa kulumikiza chipangizo chonga clip pa chala chanu (chotchedwa `pulse oximeter`).
Kuphatikiza apo, mayeso ngati awa angachitike kuti atsimikizire matendawa molondola.
- Kuyezetsa magazi chifukwa cha ziwengo: Kuyezetsa kwapadera ('hypersensitivity pneumonitis panel') kungachitike kuti muwone ngati pali ma antibodies okhudzana ndi ziwengozi m'magazi mwanu.
- Kujambula pachifuwa pa X-ray kapena CT scan: Izi zimatha kuona bwino ngati pali kutupa, zipsera (fibrosis), kapena kuwonongeka kwina kwa mapapo.
- Mayeso a ntchito ya m'mapapo: Izi zimaphatikizapo mayeso angapo omwe amayesa momwe mapapu anu akugwirira ntchito komanso kuchuluka kwa mpweya womwe mungathe kuupuma ndi kutulutsa.
- Bronchoscopy: Mu izi, chubu chokhala ndi kamera kakang'ono kamalumikizidwa chimadutsa m'mphuno kapena pakamwa kupita m'mapapo, komwe mkati mwake mumayesedwa ndipo, ngati pakufunika, timatengera minofu yaying'ono kuti ikawunikidwe.
Kodi imachiritsidwa bwanji?
Gawo lofunika kwambiri komanso loyamba pochiza matendawa ndi kuzindikira zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa ndikupewa kwathunthu.
Ngati mupitirizabe kudwala matendawa, mosasamala kanthu za mankhwala omwe mukumwa, matendawa sadzachira kwathunthu. Ngati muli ndi matenda a Chronic HP, ngakhale mutapewa zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa allergen, kuwonongeka kwa mapapo kungapitirire kuwonjezeka.
Kuwonjezera pa kupewa allergen, dokotala wanu angakupatseni mankhwala ngati awa.
| Njira yochizira | Kufotokozera |
|---|---|
| Corticosteroids kapena mankhwala oletsa chitetezo chamthupi | Mankhwalawa amathandiza kuchepetsa kutupa m'mapapo. Zitsanzo: `prednisone`, `mycophenolate`, `azathioprine`. |
| Mankhwala oletsa ukalamba | Izi zimathandiza kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa zipsera m'mapapo. Zitsanzo: `pirfenidone`, `nintedanib`. |
| Kubwezeretsa mapapo | Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi popuma komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kungathandize kuti kupuma kukhale kosavuta. |
| Chithandizo cha okosijeni | Ngati matendawa ndi aakulu, mpweya wakunja umaperekedwa kuti thupi likhale ndi mpweya wofunikira. |
| Kusamutsa mapapo | Ngati matendawa afika poipa kwambiri ndipo mapapo asiya kugwira ntchito bwino, njira yomaliza ndiyo kuyika mapapo ena. |
Kodi mungadziteteze bwanji ku matendawa?
Kuwonongeka kwa mapapo mu HP yosatha sikungasinthe, choncho chinthu chabwino kwambiri kuchita ndikukhala kutali ndi zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa momwe zingathere.
- Ngati mukugwira ntchito zoopsa (monga ulimi, kukonza matabwa, kugwira ntchito ndi mbalame), onetsetsani kuti mwavala zida zodzitetezera (PPE) .
- Nthawi zonse sungani zotenthetsera chinyezi ndi makina oziziritsa mpweya m'nyumba mwanu kukhala zoyera komanso zabwino.
- Pewani kugwiritsa ntchito mapilo, matiresi, ndi zofunda zopangidwa ndi nthenga.
- Ngati muli ndi ziweto, makamaka mbalame, sungani makola awo aukhondo. Valani chigoba mukamatsuka.
Ngati mwapezeka kale ndi matenda a HP, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu ndipo pangani dongosolo loti mapapu anu asawonongekenso. Imwani mankhwala anu pa nthawi yake. Funsani za masewera olimbitsa thupi opumira omwe mungachite kunyumba.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ya chibayo (HP) si vuto lofala la ziwengo. Lingayambitse kuwonongeka kosatha kwa mapapo anu.
- Chifukwa chachikulu cha izi ndi kupuma zinthu monga nkhungu, mabakiteriya, ndi mankhwala ochokera kuntchito kapena kunyumba kwanu.
- Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro monga chifuwa chosatha, kupuma movutikira, kapena kutopa, musanyalanyaze ndipo pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo .
- Chithandizo chabwino kwambiri cha matendawa ndi kupewa kotheratu chomwe chimayambitsa matendawa. N'zovuta kupeza machiritso athunthu ndi mankhwala okha.
- Ngati matendawa apezeka msanga, amatha kuthetsedwa mapapo asanawonongeke kwambiri.
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