Kodi munayamba mwadzifunsapo kuti mawu anu amakufikirani bwanji? Kodi mawu amenewa amachokera kuti tikamafuula, kuimba, kapena kulankhula mofewa ndi mnzanu? Ndipo mpweya umenewo umafika bwanji m'mapapo tikamapuma? Pali chiwalo chaching'ono koma chofunikira kwambiri m'khosi mwathu chomwe chimayambitsa zonsezi. Lero tikulankhula za kholingo, lomwe ndi limodzi mwa ngwazi za dongosolo lathu lopumira.
Kodi kholingo ndi chiyani? Lili kuti?
Mwachidule, kholingo ndi gawo la dongosolo lathu lopumira. Lili ngati chubu chopanda kanthu. Lili ndi kutalika ndi m'lifupi pafupifupi masentimita 4-5. Ndi lomwe limapanga njira yoti mpweya udutse kuchokera pakhosi panu (pharynx) kudzera mu trachea (windpipe) kupita ku mapapo anu. Sikuti ndi zokhazo, komanso kholingo ndi lomwe limakulolani kupanga mawu ndi kulankhula. Ichi ndichifukwa chake limatchedwanso 'bokosi la mawu' monga momwe tonse timadziwira.
Kholingo lanu lili pakati pa khosi lanu, pamwamba pa mphuno yanu ndi mmero. Koma chodabwitsa n'chakuti, malo ake amasintha pang'ono m'miyoyo yathu yonse. Tangoganizirani, kuyambira tsiku lomwe timabadwa mpaka zaka ziwiri, kholingo limakhala lalitali pang'ono m'khosi mwanu. Pakapita nthawi, limatsika pang'onopang'ono ndipo limakhazikika pakati pa khosi lanu.
Zigawo za kholingo ndi ntchito zawo
Kholingo lathu lagawidwa m'magawo atatu akuluakulu:
- Gawo lapamwamba (supraglottis)
- Gawo lapakati (glottis)
- Gawo la pansi (subglottis)
Zigawo zitatuzi zili ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana monga minyewa, minofu, mitsempha, ndi nembanemba. Komabe, zingwe zoimbira mawu, zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri pa mawu athu, zimapezeka pakati pokha, komwe kumatchedwa glottis.
- Cartilage: Monga momwe makoma a nyumba amapangira chimango ndi mawonekedwe, kholingo limapatsidwa mawonekedwe ndi mphamvu zake ndi cartilage.
- Minofu: Minofu imeneyi imathandiza kwambiri kusuntha kholingo tikameza chakudya, kutithandiza kupuma, komanso kutulutsa mawu.
- Mitsempha: Mitsempha imagwirizanitsa mafupa a m'khosi ndi kulumikiza kholingo ndi zinthu zozungulira monga fupa la hyoid ndi trachea.
- Ma nembanemba: Izi zimathandiza kuti chipolopolo cha cartilage chikhale pamalo ake.
Ndi matenda ndi mavuto ati omwe amakhudza kholingo?
Kuyambira matenda aakulu monga khansa mpaka kugwiritsa ntchito mawu anu mopitirira muyeso, zinthu zambiri zingakhudze kholingo lathu. Tiyeni tiwone zina mwa matenda ofala kwambiri.
| Mkhalidwe | Mwachidule... |
|---|---|
| Laryngitis yoopsa | Matenda a kanthawi kochepa omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kutopa kwa mawu chifukwa cha matenda kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mawu mopitirira muyeso, monga kufuula. |
| Matenda a Laryngitis Osatha | Matenda a laryngitis omwe amatha kwa milungu yoposa itatu. Izi zitha kuchitika chifukwa cha kusuta fodya, ziwengo, komanso acid reflux. |
| Khansa ya m'phuno | Kukula kwa maselo a khansa m'mbali iliyonse ya kholingo. |
| Kuvulala kapena Kuvulala | Kholingo lingawonongeke polankhula, kufuula, kapena kuimba kwa nthawi yayitali. Lingavulazidwenso ndi kumenyedwa pakhosi. |
| Kulephera kwa Vocal Cord | Zingwe zolumikizira mawu sizingagwire ntchito bwino, monga kutseka molakwika popuma. |
| Zilonda za Chingwe cha Mawu | Kugwiritsa ntchito mawu mopitirira muyeso kungayambitse ma nodules, ma polyps, kapena ma cysts odzaza ndi madzi m'zingwe za mawu. |
| Kulephera kwa Chingwe cha Mawu | Chingwe chimodzi kapena zonse ziwiri sizikuyenda bwino. |
Kodi zizindikiro zofala za mavutowa ndi ziti?
Pali zizindikiro zingapo zomwe zimachitika kawirikawiri pakakhala vuto ndi kholingo.
- Kupweteka pakhosi kapena chifuwa
- Kusintha kwa mawu, makamaka phokoso
- Kumva kupweteka kapena kusasangalala kwina mukameza chinthu
Chofunika kwambiri: Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro izi kwa milungu yoposa iwiri, chonde onani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo. Ndikofunikira kwambiri.
Mayeso ozindikira mavuto a m'phuno
Kutengera ndi zizindikiro zanu, dokotala wanu angakupatseni mayeso osiyanasiyana. Nazi zina mwa izo.
| Mayeso | Kodi izi zimachita chiyani? |
|---|---|
| Kuyezetsa magazi/kufufuza pakhosi | Kufufuza matenda opatsirana. |
| Mayeso ojambula zithunzi | Kupeza zithunzi zatsatanetsatane za kholingo ndi minofu yozungulira kudzera mu mayeso monga MRI, CT scan, kapena PET scan. |
| Videostroboscopy | Kuyang'ana kayendedwe ka zingwe za mawu pamene zikugwedezeka ndi kamera yapadera. |
| Kujambula m'mphuno | Kuyang'ana kholingo mwa kuyika chubu chopyapyala chokhala ndi kamera kakang'ono pansi pa mmero. |
| Kufufuza za thupi | Kutenga chidutswa chaching'ono cha minofu kuchokera pamalo okayikitsa ndikuchiyang'ana pansi pa maikulosikopu kuti atsimikizire ngati pali maselo a khansa. |
Kodi mankhwala a matenda a larynx ndi otani?
Njira zochiritsira zimasiyana malinga ndi vutolo. Nayi kufotokozera kosavuta.
| Matenda | Njira zochizira |
|---|---|
| Matenda a laryngitis | |
| Matenda opatsirana | Mankhwala opha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kapena mankhwala opha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. |
| Khansa ya m'phuno | |
| Za khansa | Chithandizo cha radiation, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, chithandizo cholunjika, kapena laryngectomy. |
| Kulephera kwa Vocal Cord | |
| Kubwezeretsa magwiridwe antchito | Maseŵero olimbitsa thupi opumira, kulankhula, mpweya wa Heliox. Nthawi zina zoopsa, tracheostomy ingafunike. |
| Zilonda za Chingwe cha Mawu | |
| Kuchotsa zotupa ndikuziletsa kuti zisabwererenso | Chithandizo cha mawu, kusintha moyo, kapena opaleshoni. |
| Kulephera kwa Chingwe cha Mawu | |
| Kubwezeretsa mawu ndi kupuma | Chithandizo cha mawu, jakisoni wodzaza mawu, opaleshoni yoika chogwirira mu kholingo, kapena tracheostomy ngati pali vuto la kupuma. |
Kodi ndingatani kuti kholingo langa likhale lathanzi?
Pali zinthu zambiri zosavuta zomwe mungachite kuti musamale bwino mawu anu ndi kholingo.
- Chepetsani chiopsezo chanu cha khansa: Pewani fodya ndi utsi wa ndudu kotheratu. Chepetsani kumwa mowa. Izi ndi zinthu zazikulu zomwe zimayambitsa khansa ya m'khosi.
- Chepetsani chiopsezo chanu cha matenda a laryngitis: Sambani m'manja nthawi zambiri kuti mudziteteze ku matenda opatsirana popuma, pewani anthu odwala, ndipo imwani madzi ambiri kuti pakhosi panu pasakhale pouma.
- Tetezani mawu anu: Musamavutitse mawu anu. Pewani kufuula kapena kulankhula kwa nthawi yayitali. Mankhwala ena a chimfine ndi ziwengo amatha kuumitsa mawu anu. Choncho samalani ngati mugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala otere. Koma kumbukirani, ngati ndi mankhwala omwe dokotala wanu wakupatsani, muyenera kumufunsa musanawasiye.
Kodi n'zotheka kulankhula popanda kholingo?
Inde, zingatheke. Koma zimafunika kuphunzira njira zatsopano. Mwachitsanzo, anthu ena omwe adachitidwa opaleshoni ya laryngectomy amagwiritsa ntchito chipangizo chopangidwa chotchedwa electrolarynx. Chimakanikizidwa pakhosi kuti chiwathandize kulankhula bwino.
Pomaliza, kholingo ndi gawo lodabwitsa la dongosolo lathu lopumira lomwe limagwira ntchito mosalekeza. Tiyenera kuyamikira nthawi iliyonse tikamalankhula, kuimba, ndi kufuula. Limatithandizanso kupuma ndipo limaletsa chakudya ndi zakumwa kulowa m'mapapu athu. Chifukwa chake, samalirani bwino 'bokosi lanu la mawu' lamtengo wapatali kuti muchepetse chiopsezo chanu cha matenda, khansa, ndi kutopa kwa mawu.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Kholingo lanu ndi chiwalo chofunikira chomwe chili chofunikira popuma komanso polankhula.
- Ngati zizindikiro monga kusanza kapena kuvutika kumeza zikupitirira kwa milungu iwiri, ndikofunikira kupeza upangiri wa dokotala nthawi yomweyo.
- Kusuta fodya ndi kumwa mowa mopitirira muyeso ndi zinthu zazikulu zomwe zimayambitsa khansa ya m'khosi. Mutha kuteteza m'khosi mwa kupewa zimenezi.
- Pewani kugwiritsa ntchito mawu anu mopitirira muyeso ndipo imwani madzi ambiri kuti mukhale ndi madzi okwanira. Izi zidzakuthandizani kuti mawu anu akhale athanzi.
- Nthawi zonse funsani dokotala wanu ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zilizonse za nthawi yayitali.
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