Opaleshoni yaikulu kudzera mu kabowo kakang'ono? Tiyeni tikambirane za Opaleshoni Yochepa Kwambiri (MIS)!

Tikamaganizira za opaleshoni, ambiri aife timaganiza za zinthu zoopsa monga kuduladula kwakukulu, kukhala m'chipatala masiku angapo, ndi kupweteka kwa nthawi yayitali, sichoncho? Koma tsopano, sayansi ya zamankhwala yapita patsogolo kwambiri. Lero, tikambirana za opaleshoni yodabwitsa kwambiri yomwe imachitika popanda kuduladuladula kwakukulu, koma kudzera m'bowo laling'ono kwambiri. Iyi ndi yomwe timaitcha Minimally Invasive Surgery, kapena MIS monga momwe madokotala amatchulira nthawi zambiri.

Mwachidule, kodi Opaleshoni Yochepa Yowononga (MIS) ndi chiyani?

Ndi lingaliro losavuta kwambiri. Tangoganizirani ngati mukuchitidwa opaleshoni mwachizolowezi, dokotalayo angafunike kudula kwambiri, mwina mainchesi angapo, kuti akafike pamalo omwe opaleshoniyo ikuchitikira. Koma ndi MIS, madokotala ochita opaleshoni amadula khungu ndi minofu yanu pang'ono momwe angathere. Izi zikutanthauza kuti m'malo modula kamodzi kakulu, amapanga kudula kamodzi kapena zingapo zazikulu ngati thumba la kiyi .

Kudzera m'mabowo ang'onoang'ono awa, chubu chopyapyala chokhala ndi kamera yolumikizidwa (imeneyi timaitcha kuti endoscope) ndi zida zazitali komanso zopyapyala zopangidwa mwapadera zimayikidwa m'thupi. Chifukwa zithunzi kuchokera ku kamera zimawonetsedwa pazenera lalikulu (monitor), dokotala amatha kuwona mkati mwa thupi momveka bwino ndikuchita opaleshoniyo molondola kwambiri. Izi zimachepetsa kwambiri ululu wanu, zovuta, komanso nthawi yochira.

Kodi njira zazikulu zochitira opaleshoni imeneyi ndi ziti?

Pali njira zosiyanasiyana mkati mwa ukadaulo wa MIS. Njirazi zimasankhidwa kutengera mtundu wa opaleshoni ndi ziwalo za thupi zomwe zikuchiritsidwa.

1. Opaleshoni ya Keybowo

Iyi ndi njira yotchuka kwambiri. Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, opaleshoniyi imachitika poduladula pang'ono, kuyika kamera ('endoscope') kudzera mu imodzi, ndi zida zochitira opaleshoni kudzera mu zina.

• Mu opaleshoni ya m'mimba, kamera iyi imatchedwa laparoscope . Timaitcha opaleshoni ya laparoscopic .
• Chojambula cha thoracoscope ndi kamera yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochita opaleshoni yokhudza chifuwa.
• Chipangizo choyezera mafupa chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pofufuza mkati mwa mafupa monga bondo ndi phewa.

2. Opaleshoni ya Robotic

Iyi ndi gawo lina lapamwamba la ukadaulo wa MIS. Pano, m'malo mowongolera mwachindunji zida pamanja, dokotala wa opaleshoni amakhala pa console ya pakompyuta ndipo amawongolera manja a robotic . Manja a robotic awa amaikidwa kudzera m'mabala ang'onoang'ono. Njira iyi imalola opaleshoni yofewa kwambiri, yaying'ono komanso yolondola kwambiri. Dongosolo lodziwika bwino la `Da Vinci Surgical System` ndi limodzi mwa machitidwe a robotic otere.

3. Opaleshoni ya Endovascular

Iyi ndi njira yachilendo kwambiri. Chomwe chimachitika apa ndikupanga dzenje laling'ono kwambiri ndi singano, ndikulowetsa chubu chopyapyala (catheter) kudzera mu mtsempha wamagazi. Kenako, zida zofunika zimadutsa mu chubucho, ndipo maopaleshoni monga kuyika stent mumtima, monga ``stenting'', ndi ``angioplasty'' amachitidwa. Nthawi zina, kudula sikufunikira pano.

4. Opaleshoni Yachilengedwe ya Orifice

Mu njira iyi, palibe kudula ziwalo kulikonse m'thupi lanu. M'malo mwake, endoscope imayikidwa kudzera m'mabowo achilengedwe m'thupi, monga pakamwa ndi mphuno, ndipo opaleshoni monga kuchotsa zotupa m'mimba ndi m'mero ​​zimachitika.

Ndi ma opaleshoni ati omwe amachitidwa kawirikawiri pogwiritsa ntchito njira ya MIS?

Masiku ano, maopaleshoni ambiri akuchitidwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira iyi ya MIS. Tebulo lomwe lili pansipa likupatsani lingaliro labwino la izi.

Kodi opaleshoni iyi ndi yabwino kwa ndani? Kodi aliyense angaichite?

Nthawi zambiri, njira ya MIS iyi ndi yotetezeka kuposa opaleshoni yachikhalidwe yotseguka. Ndipotu, nthawi zina ngakhale anthu omwe sangathe kulekerera kudula kwakukulu kapena omwe ali ndi matenda ena amatha kuchitidwa opaleshoni pogwiritsa ntchito njira iyi.

Mwachitsanzo:

• Njirayi singagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati opaleshoni ikufunika mwachangu, monga munthu amene walowa mu ETU (Emergency Treatment Unit) atachita ngozi, chifukwa imafuna kukonzekera pang'ono.
• Pa opaleshoni ya laparoscopic, mpweya wa carbon dioxide umapopedwa m'mimba kuti uthandize kuona ziwalo. Izi zitha kukhala zoopsa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ena a mtima kapena mapapo .

Choncho, ngati mukufuna kuchitidwa opaleshoni, ndi bwino kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu za njira imeneyi ndikupempha uphungu.

Kodi ubwino ndi kuipa kwa opaleshoni imeneyi ndi kotani?

Monga china chilichonse, njira iyi ili ndi zabwino zake komanso zovuta zake.

Ubwino

• Kuwonongeka (kuvulala) kwa thupi kumakhala kochepa kwambiri.
• Pamakhala magazi ochepa kwambiri panthawi ya opaleshoni.
• Chiwopsezo cha mavuto ndi chochepa poyerekeza ndi opaleshoni yotseguka.
• Chifukwa mabalawo ndi ang'onoang'ono kwambiri, mabala akachira amakhala ang'onoang'ono kwambiri kapena sapezekanso.
• Masiku omwe mumakhala kuchipatala ndi ochepa. Mutha kupita kunyumba tsiku lomwelo mutachita opaleshoni.
• Nthawi yochira ndi yochepa kwambiri. Ngakhale kuti bala lalikulu lingatenge miyezi kuti lichiritsidwe, bala laling'ono limeneli limachira pakangopita milungu yochepa.
• Popeza ululu umakhala wochepa, kufunikira kwa mankhwala ochepetsa ululu kumakhala kochepa.

Zoyipa

• Izi zimafuna madokotala ophunzitsidwa bwino komanso zida zapadera komanso zokwera mtengo .
• Malo awa sangakhalepo m'zipatala zonse .
• Opaleshoniyo ingatenge nthawi yayitali kuposa opaleshoni yachikhalidwe.
• Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, nthawi zina sikoyenera pazochitika zadzidzidzi.
• Kwa anthu ena (makamaka omwe ali ndi matenda a mtima/mapapo), kugwiritsa ntchito mpweya pochita opaleshoni kungakhale ndi zoopsa zina.