Kodi mukudziwa za chitseko chaching'ono ichi chomwe chili mumtima mwanu? - Valavu ya Mitral

Kodi munayamba mwamvapo kugunda kwa mtima wanu? Phokoso la "lub-dub...lub-dub..." limamveka pamene ziwalo zazing'ono zonga chitseko mkati mwa mtima wanu zimatseguka ndi kutsekedwa. Tikutcha zitseko izi "ma valve." Kotero lero tikambirana za ma valve ofunikira kwambiri awa, "Mitral Valve," omwe amagwira ntchito ngati chipata chachikulu chomwe chimapatsa moyo thupi lathu. Kudziwa izi ndikofunikira kwambiri pa thanzi lanu komanso thanzi la okondedwa anu.

Mwachidule, kodi valavu ya Mitral ndi chiyani?

Taganizirani mtima wanu ngati nyumba yaying'ono yokhala ndi zipinda zinayi. Zipinda ziwiri pamwamba ndi zipinda ziwiri pansi. Magazi amayenda pakati pa zipinda izi mbali imodzi. Kuti zimenezi zitheke, zitseko pakati pa zipindazo ziyenera kutsegulidwa ndi kutsekedwa panthawi yoyenera. Mwachitsanzo, valavu ya mitral ndi chipata pakati pa chipinda chapamwamba (atrium yakumanzere) ndi chipinda chapansi (ventricle yakumanzere) kumbali yakumanzere ya mtima wanu.

Ntchito yake yayikulu ndikutsegula chitseko kuti magazi okhala ndi mpweya kuchokera m'mapapo adutse kuchokera ku atrium yakumanzere kupita ku ventricle yakumanzere. Kenako, pamene ventricle yakumanzere ikupopera magazi kupita ku thupi lonse, zitseko ziwirizi zimatseka mwamphamvu kuti magazi asabwererenso ku chipinda chapamwamba. Izi ndichifukwa chake selo lililonse m'thupi lanu limalandira mpweya ndi zakudya zomwe limafunikira.

Kodi valavu iyi imapangidwa bwanji?

Valavu ya mitral ndi yofewa kwambiri, koma yolimba kwambiri. Ili ndi zigawo zingapo zazikulu:

• Mapepala: Ali ndi mapepala awiri akuluakulu opangidwa ndi minofu yopyapyala. Awa ali ngati magawo awiri a chitseko omwe amatseguka ndikutseka. Chimodzi ndi chachikulu pang'ono, china ndi chaching'ono. Mapepala awiriwa amatseguka ndikutseka ndi kugunda kulikonse kwa mtima.
• Chordae Tendineae: Monga zingwe za parachuti, timabuku tiwiriti timalumikizidwa ku minofu yapansi ya mtima ndi netiweki ya zingwe zolimba kwambiri komanso zopyapyala. Izi ndi zomwe timatcha ``(Chordae Tendineae)``. Popanda zingwe izi, timabuku ta valavu tingabwererenso mosalamulirika.
• Minofu ya Papillary: Zingwe izi zimagwiridwa pamodzi ndi minofu iwiri yaying'ono pakhoma la mtima. Pamodzi, minofu ndi zingwezi zimalamulira kuyenda kwa timapepala ta valve.
• Kutulutsa: Mapepala awiri a valavu amamangiriridwa ku mphete yolimba yooneka ngati D. Izi ndi zomwe zimapangitsa valavuyo kukhala yokhazikika.

Chifukwa chakuti zonsezi zimagwira ntchito limodzi ndikugwirizana m'njira yodabwitsa, magazi omwe amayenda mumtima mwanu amakhala osalala.

Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimakhudza valve ya mitral?

Nthawi zina, pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana, valavu ya mitral imatha kusagwira ntchito bwino. Kenako mtima wanu umayenera kugwira ntchito molimbika kuposa masiku onse kuti upompe magazi omwe thupi lanu limafunikira. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa.

N’chifukwa chiyani zinthu ngati zimenezi zimachitika?

Mwina mukudabwa kuti, "N'chifukwa chiyani izi zikuchitika ku ma valve awa?" Pakhoza kukhala zifukwa zingapo za izi.

• Ukalamba: Pamene tikukalamba, monga ziwalo zina za thupi lathu, ma valve a mtima amatha kufooka pang'onopang'ono ndikukhuthala ndi calcium deposits.
• Zilema zobadwa nazo: Anthu ena amabadwa ndi vuto la valavu yobadwa nayo.
• Kuwonongeka komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha matenda a mtima: Matenda a mtima akawononga minofu ya mtima, amathanso kusokoneza ntchito ya valavu.
• Matenda ndi ziwengo: Matenda monga rheumatic fever, omwe amapezeka pambuyo poti matenda a pakhosi sanachiritsidwe, komanso matenda omwe amakhudza mkati mwa mtima, monga endocarditis, amatha kuwononga ma valve.
• Matenda ena: Matenda a majini omwe amakhudza minofu yolumikizana ya thupi, monga Marfan Syndrome, angayambitsenso kufooka kwa valavu.
• Chithandizo cha radiation: Ngati munalandira chithandizo cha radiation cha khansa pachifuwa muli mwana, chingakhudzenso ma valve mtsogolo.

Kodi mumadziwa bwanji ngati pali vuto ndi valavu? Zizindikiro zake ndi ziti?

Nthawi zambiri, sipangakhale zizindikiro kwa zaka zambiri ngakhale patakhala vuto ndi valavu ya mitral. Komabe, pamene vutoli likuipiraipira pang'onopang'ono, zizindikiro zimayamba kuonekera.

Kodi chimachitika n’chiyani ngati zinthu zimenezi zifika poipa kwambiri?

Ngati matenda a valve sanachiritsidwe bwino, angayambitse mavuto aakulu omwe angakhale oopsa kwa moyo .

• Matenda a mtima (arrhythmia)
• Madzi odzaza mapapo
• Kulephera kwa Mtima
• Kuthamanga kwa magazi m'mapapo
• Stroke
• Kumangidwa kwa Mtima

Choncho, ngati mukukumana ndi zizindikiro izi, pitani kwa dokotala mwamsanga. Iye adzakuyesani mayeso ofunikira ndikukuuzani ngati muli ndi vuto kapena ayi.

Ndi mayeso ati omwe amayesa thanzi la valve ya mitral?

Dokotala wanu adzakufunsani za zizindikiro zanu, adzakuyesani, ndipo ngati pakufunika, adzakutumizirani kuti mukayesedwe kangapo ngati aka.

• Kuyeza mtima: Iyi ndi njira yodziwira vuto la mtima. Dokotala angamve kugunda kwa mtima wanu kuti aone ngati pali vuto lililonse, monga kugunda kwa mtima.
• Echocardiogram: Iyi ndi scan yomwe imajambula kanema wa mtima. Imatha kuwona bwino mawonekedwe a valavu, kayendedwe kake, komanso ngati magazi akutuluka kapena akuchepa.
• Electrocardiogram (EKG): Kuyeza komwe kumalemba momwe magetsi a mtima amagwirira ntchito. Izi zimathandiza kuzindikira kusintha kwa kayimbidwe ka mtima.
• Kuyesa Kupsinjika Maganizo Ochita Maseŵera Olimbitsa Thupi: Kuyeza EKG ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi zimayesedwa pamene mukuyenda kapena kuthamanga pa treadmill. Izi zimathandiza kuona momwe mtima wanu umakhudzidwira ndi kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi.
• X-ray ya pachifuwa: Izi zingagwiritsidwe ntchito pofufuza ngati mtima ndi madzi m'mapapo zakula.
• Ma scan ena: Nthawi zina mayeso monga `(CT)` scan kapena `(Heart MRI)` angafunikenso.
• Kutsegula mtima: Kachipangizo kopyapyala kamadutsa m'mitsempha ya m'dzanja kapena mwendo kupita mumtima kuti kayeze kuthamanga kwa magazi mkati mwa mtima ndikuwona momwe mtima ukugwira ntchito.

Kodi mankhwala ake ndi otani?

Ngati mwapezeka ndi matenda a mitral valve, musachite mantha. Masiku ano, pali mankhwala othandiza kwambiri pa izi. Dokotala wanu adzasankha chithandizo chabwino kwambiri kutengera kuopsa kwa vuto lanu.

• Mankhwala: Mankhwala osiyanasiyana amaperekedwa kuti achepetse zizindikiro komanso kupewa mavuto. Mwachitsanzo, mankhwala ochepetsa mphamvu ya madzi m'thupi, omwe amachotsa madzi ochulukirapo m'thupi, mankhwala oletsa kuthamanga kwa magazi, ndi mankhwala owongolera kayendedwe ka mtima.
• Opaleshoni ndi njira zina:
• Kukonza Valavu ya Mitral: Nthawi iliyonse ikatheka, madokotala amayesa kukonza ndikukonza vavu yanu. Iyi ndiye njira yabwino kwambiri.
• Kusintha Valavu ya Mitral: Ngati valavuyo yawonongeka kwambiri moti singakonzedwenso, imachotsedwa ndikusinthidwa ndi valavu yopangira (yopangidwa ndi chitsulo kapena minofu ya nyama).
• Njira ya Baluni (Mitral Valve Commissurotomy): Ngati valavu yachepa (stenosis), baluni imadutsa mumtsempha kuti itsegule valavu yopapatiza.

Masiku ano, ukadaulo wapita patsogolo kotero kuti maopaleshoni ambiriwa amatha kuchitika kudzera m'mabala ang'onoang'ono kwambiri, osatsegula chifuwa chonse. Chifukwa chake, kuchira kumachitika mwachangu.

Kodi tingatani kuti tisunge ma valve athu a mtima kukhala athanzi?

Ngakhale sitingathe kupewa matenda ena a valve, titha kusunga thanzi la mtima wonse mwa kutsatira moyo wathanzi.

• Pewani kusuta fodya kotheratu.
• Chepetsani kumwa mowa ndi caffeine.
• Sinthani kupsinjika maganizo. Zinthu monga kusinkhasinkha ndi yoga zingathandize.
• Sungani mano ndi khungu lanu kukhala loyera. Matenda omwe amalowa m'thupi kudzera mu izi amatha kukhudza mtima.
• Lamulirani kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi kuchuluka kwa cholesterol.
• Idyani zakudya zopatsa thanzi pamtima. Sankhani zakudya zomwe zili ndi mafuta ochepa okhuta komanso opangidwa ndi mafuta a trans.
• Khalani otanganidwa masiku ambiri pa sabata. Chitani masewera olimbitsa thupi osachepera mphindi 30 patsiku, monga kuyenda.