Kodi munayamba mwaganizapo za kudabwitsa komanso kuvutika kwa ubongo wathu? Kachiwalo kakang'ono aka kamayang'anira maganizo athu onse, kayendedwe kathu konse, ndi kukumbukira kulikonse. Chifukwa chake, ubongo umafunika kuyenda kosalekeza kwa magazi komwe kumapereka mpweya ndi michere. Koma taganizirani zomwe zimachitika ngati mitsempha yayikulu yomwe imanyamula magazi kupita ku ubongo yatsekedwa? Lero tikambirana za matenda amodzi osowa, koma ofunikira kwambiri omwe tiyenera kuwadziwa. Umenewo ndi Matenda a Moyamoya.
Mwachidule, Moyamoya ndi chiyani?
Stroke ndi matenda omwe amakhudza mitsempha yamagazi muubongo mwathu. Malinga ndi zamankhwala, ndi matenda a mitsempha yamagazi. Pali mitsempha iwiri ikuluikulu yamagazi m'khosi mwathu yomwe imanyamula magazi kupita ku ubongo, yotchedwa mitsempha ya carotid. Pa sitiroko, mitsempha imodzi kapena nthawi zina yonse iwiri imachepa pang'onopang'ono ndipo imatsekeka. Ikhozanso kukhudza mitsempha ina yofunika kwambiri muubongo, mitsempha ya ubongo. Iyi ndi mitsempha ikuluikulu yamagazi yomwe imapereka magazi kumadera akutsogolo kwa ubongo wathu.
Tangoganizani kuti chitoliro chachikulu cha madzi chomwe chimabweretsa madzi m'nyumba mwanu chatsekedwa. Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani? Palibe madzi. Chifukwa chake, chimayesetsa kutulutsa madzi kuchokera m'mapaipi ang'onoang'ono mkati mwa nyumba. Ubongo wathu ndi womwewo. Pamene mtsempha waukulu wamagazi watsekedwa, ubongo umapanga mitsempha yambiri yatsopano, yopyapyala yamagazi kuti ikwaniritse kusowa kwake. Izi zili ngati misewu ya m'mbali. Koma vuto ndilakuti, mitsempha yatsopano yamagazi iyi ndi yofooka kwambiri komanso yopyapyala. Chifukwa chake, singathe kuperekedwa magazi komanso mtsempha waukulu. Mitsempha yofooka iyi nthawi zina imatha kuphulika. Pazochitika zotere, Matenda a Moyamoya angayambitsenso kutuluka magazi mkati mwa ubongo (kutuluka magazi muubongo). Komanso, matenda oopsa monga sitiroko amatha kuchitika chifukwa ubongo sulandira magazi okwanira.
N’chifukwa chiyani izi zimatchedwa “Moyamoya”?
"Moyamoya" ndi mawu achijapani. Amatanthauza "ngati utsi wotuluka." Madokotala aku Japan omwe adapeza matendawa koyamba atachita angiogram ya mitsempha yamagazi muubongo, adawona kuti netiweki ya mitsempha yaying'ono yatsopano yamagazi inali yosakanikirana ngati utsi wotuluka. Ichi ndichifukwa chake matendawa adatchedwa "Moyamoya."
Kodi zizindikiro za matenda a moyamoya ndi ziti?
Zizindikiro zazikulu za matendawa zimachitika chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa magazi kupita ku ubongo. Nthawi zina matendawa amayamba kuzindikirika pambuyo pa sitiroko kapena ma ARV angapo (TIAs). Ma stroko ang'onoang'ono awa nthawi zina amatchedwa "mini-stroke." Izi zikutanthauza kuti zizindikiro za sitiroko zimabwera ndikutha kwa kanthawi.
Tiyeni tiwone zina mwa zizindikiro zodziwika bwino zomwe zingawonekere mu matendawa.
| Chizindikiro | Kufotokozera kosavuta |
|---|---|
| Kugwidwa ndi sitiroko kapena kugwidwa ndi sitiroko kakang'ono (TIAs) | Zizindikiro monga dzanzi mbali imodzi ya thupi, kuvutika kulankhula, ndi kugwada kwa mbali imodzi ya nkhope. Zizindikirozi nthawi zambiri zimatha pakapita nthawi yochepa mu TIA. |
| Kutuluka magazi muubongo | Kutuluka magazi muubongo kumachitika pamene mtsempha wamagazi wofooka komanso waung'ono waphulika. Izi zingayambitse mutu waukulu. |
| Mutu | Mutu wopweteka kwambiri, nthawi zina wobwerezabwereza. |
| Kugwidwa ndi khunyu | Kupezeka kwa zinthu zofanana ndi zakunja. |
| Kusuntha kosalamulirika | Ziwalo za thupi, monga miyendo, zimasuntha mosalamulirika. |
| Kuchedwa kwa chitukuko | Ngati matendawa akhudza ana aang'ono, makamaka, angavutike kukula ndi kuphunzira. |
| Mavuto a kumva | Mavuto ndi kuona, kumva, kununkhiza, kukhudza, kapena kulawa. |
Kodi n’chiyani chimayambitsa matenda a Moyamoya?
Kunena zoona, chomwe chimayambitsa matendawa sichinadziwikebe.Koma ofufuza amakhulupirira kuti pali kulumikizana kwa majini ndi izi. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, zitha kuperekedwa kwa mibadwomibadwo. Popeza matendawa ndi ofala kwambiri pakati pa anthu aku Japan, zapezeka kuti pali kulumikizana kwina m'majini awo. Tsopano zapezeka kuti kusintha kwa jini yotchedwa `RNF213` kungathandize pa izi.
Nthawi zina, vuto la Moyamoya lingachitike ndi matenda ena. Kenako timatcha Moyamoya syndrome. Mwachitsanzo:
- Matenda a Down
- Matenda a Manda
- Mtundu woyamba wa Neurofibromatosis
- Matenda a sickle cell
- Kuchuluka kwa atherosclerosis
Munthu amene ali ndi matenda ngati amenewa ali pachiwopsezo chotenga matenda otchedwa Moyamoya.
Ndani amene ali ndi mwayi waukulu wopeza matendawa?
Moyamoya ndi matenda osowa kwambiri . Sizimapezeka kawirikawiri m'maiko ngati Sri Lanka. Koma ndikofunikira kudziwa za matendawa.
- Matendawa amatha kuchitika pa msinkhu uliwonse, koma amapezeka kwambiri mwa ana azaka zapakati pa 5 ndi 10 komanso akuluakulu azaka zapakati pa 30 ndi 50 .
- Ngakhale kuti chifukwa chenicheni sichikudziwika, akazi ali ndi mwayi wochuluka kuwirikiza kawiri wodwala matendawa kuposa amuna.
- Matendawa amapezeka kwambiri pakati pa anthu ku Japan ndi mayiko ena aku East Asia.
Kodi mumazindikira bwanji matendawa molondola?
Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zomwe takambirana kale, dokotala wanu adzayamba wakuyezani kaye ndikukufunsani za zizindikiro zanu. Kenako, ngati pali kukayikira kuti muli ndi matenda a moyamoya, adzakulangizani mayeso apadera kuti atsimikizire izi.
| Mayeso | Mumachita chiyani ndi izi? |
|---|---|
| Kujambula kwa mitsempha ya ubongo | Iyi ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yodziwira matendawa. Mu njira iyi, chubu chaching'ono (catheter) chimayikidwa mu mtsempha wamagazi womwe uli m'dzanja kapena mwendo, ndipo utoto wapadera umalowetsedwa m'mitsempha yamagazi kudzera mu njira imeneyi. Kenako zithunzi za X-ray zimatengedwa kuti zione momwe mitsempha yamagazi ilili yopyapyala komanso momwe magazi akuyendera bwino. |
| Kujambula kwa MRA (Maginito Resonance Angiography) | Iyi ndi njira yoyesera yopanda ululu yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya maginito ndi mafunde a wailesi kuti ijambule zithunzi za mitsempha yamagazi muubongo. |
| Kujambula kwa MRI (Kujambula kwa Magnetic Resonance) | Njira yofanana ndi MRA imagwiritsidwa ntchito pofufuza momwe minofu ya ubongo ilili. Izi zingathandize kudziwa ngati pali kuwonongeka kulikonse muubongo chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa magazi. |
Kodi pali mankhwala a matenda a moyamoya?
Inde, pali njira zochizira matendawa. Pali zolinga ziwiri zazikulu zochizira. Choyamba ndi kuchepetsa zizindikiro. China ndikuwongolera kuyenda kwa magazi kupita ku ubongo ndikuchepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda oopsa monga sitiroko.
1. Chithandizo ndi mankhwala
Dokotala angapereke mankhwala osiyanasiyana kutengera momwe wodwalayo alili.
- Aspirin: Mankhwalawa amathandiza kupewa magazi kuundana komanso kuthandiza magazi kuyenda bwino kudzera m'mitsempha yaying'ono yamagazi.
- Mankhwala oletsa khunyu: Ngati matendawa amayambitsa khunyu, mankhwala awa amaperekedwa kuti athetse khunyu.
- Mankhwala Oletsa Kuundana kwa Magazi: Ngakhale kuti mankhwalawa amathandiza kupewa kuundana kwa magazi, madokotala amangolimbikitsa izi pokhapokha ngati pali chiopsezo chotuluka magazi.
- Mankhwala oletsa calcium channel: Izi zingathandize kuchepetsa zizindikiro monga mutu. Komabe, zimathanso kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi, zomwe zingawonjezere chiopsezo cha sitiroko, choncho ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala.
Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti mankhwala sangalepheretse kuchepa kwa mitsempha yamagazi , kotero matendawa amatha kukulirakulira pang'onopang'ono.
2. Chithandizo cha opaleshoni (Opaleshoni ya Bypass)
Ngati matendawa sangathe kuthetsedwa ndi mankhwala, ndipo ngati akuipiraipira pang'onopang'ono, dokotala angakulangizeni opaleshoni. Izi zimatchedwa opaleshoni ya bypass.
Mwachidule, izi zikuphatikizapo kupanga njira yatsopano yoti magazi aziyenda kupita ku ubongo, kudutsa mtsempha wamagazi wotsekedwa. Izi zimaphatikizapo kutenga mtsempha wathanzi womwe nthawi zambiri umapereka magazi kumutu ndikuulumikiza ku mtsempha wamagazi muubongo. Zili ngati kupanga njira yatsopano yodutsa msewu wotanganidwa. Opaleshoni iyi ikhoza kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa magazi omwe amafika ku ubongo, kuchepetsa kwambiri chiopsezo cha sitiroko.
Dokotala wanu adzakufotokozerani mwatsatanetsatane njira yochitira opaleshoni yomwe ili yabwino kwa inu, komanso ubwino ndi kuipa kwake.
Kodi ndi liti pamene muyenera kupeza thandizo lachipatala mwadzidzidzi? Zizindikiro za sitiroko (ZOFULUMIRA)
Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti munthu amene ali ndi matenda a Moyamoya adziwe zizindikiro za sitiroko . Chithandizo chikaperekedwa mwachangu, ubongo sungawonongeke kwambiri. Mawu ofupikitsa akuti FAST amagwiritsidwa ntchito kukuthandizani kukumbukira zizindikiro za sitiroko.
| Zizindikiro za Stroke (MWAMsanga) - Chitanipo Kanthu Mwamsanga! | |
|---|---|
| F - Nkhope | Kodi mbali imodzi ya nkhope yanu imamva dzanzi? Kodi mbali imodzi ya nkhope yanu imagwedezeka mukamamwetulira? |
| A - Manja | Kodi mungakweze manja onse awiri? Kodi mkono umodzi umagwa pansi? |
| S - Kulankhula | Kodi nkhaniyo imasokoneza? Kodi mumalankhula movutikira? Kodi n'kovuta kunena chiganizo chosavuta? |
| T - Nthawi | Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro izi, musazengereze. Pitani ku Dipatimenti Yothandiza Anthu Odwala Mwadzidzidzi (ETU) kuchipatala nthawi yomweyo kapena imbani ambulansi. Nthawi ndi yofunika kwambiri! |
Kuwonjezera pa izi, zizindikiro monga kusokonezeka mwadzidzidzi, dzanzi mbali imodzi ya thupi, mavuto a maso, kuvutika kuyenda, kapena mutu waukulu komanso wosapiririka zingakhalenso zizindikiro za sitiroko.
Mukakhala ndi matendawa, ngati matendawa apezeka msanga ndikuchiritsidwa bwino, anthu ambiri amatha kukhala ndi moyo wabwinobwino. Ngati sanalandire chithandizo, matendawa amatha kukhala oopsa komanso oopsa. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kwambiri kudziwa zizindikiro ndikutsatira malangizo a dokotala molondola.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Matenda a Moyamoya ndi vuto losowa kwambiri pomwe mtsempha waukulu wopereka magazi ku ubongo umachepa pang'onopang'ono ndipo umatsekeka.
- Izi zingayambitse kuchepa kwa magazi kupita ku ubongo, zomwe zingayambitse matenda aakulu monga sitiroko kapena kutuluka magazi muubongo.
- Zizindikiro zazikulu zimaphatikizapo zizindikiro zofanana ndi sitiroko, mutu, ndi khunyu.
- Matendawa amatha kuthetsedwa bwino mwa kuwazindikira msanga ndikuwachiza ndi mankhwala kapena opaleshoni.
- Ngati inu kapena munthu amene mumamudziwa akukumana ndi zizindikiro za sitiroko (FAST), muyenera kupita ku Dipatimenti Yothandiza Anthu Odwala Mwadzidzidzi (ETU) kuchipatala nthawi yomweyo. Kutaya nthawi kungapangitse ubongo kuwonongeka kwambiri.
- Ngati muli ndi kukayikira kapena mafunso okhudza izi, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu kuti akupatseni upangiri.
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