Kodi inunso mukuvutika kupuma chifukwa cha kutsekeka kwa ntchofu? Tiyeni tiphunzire zambiri za mankhwala a mucolytic!

Nthawi zina timakhala ndi chifuwa ndi ntchofu zomwe zimamatirira pakhosi ndi pachifuwa, kodi sizimakhala zovuta kwambiri? Ntchentche ikamatirira pachifuwa popanda kutuluka, zimamveka ngati sitingathe kupuma. Izi zimakhala zokhumudwitsa kwambiri komanso zokhumudwitsa kwa iwo omwe ali ndi matenda a m'mapapo nthawi yayitali monga mphumu ndi COPD. Nthawi ngati zimenezi, tikulankhula za mtundu wapadera wa mankhwala omwe amathandiza kusungunula ntchofu yokhuthala komanso yomatayo ndikuyitulutsa mosavuta. Ichi ndi chomwe chimatchedwa Mucolytic medicine mu mankhwala.

Kodi mucolytic ndi chiyani? Tiyeni timvetse mosavuta.

Chabwino, tiyeni timvetse izi ndi chitsanzo chosavuta. Tangoganizani kuti ntchofu mkati mwa mapapu anu ili ngati chingamu chokhuthala komanso chomata. Chingamu ichi chimatseka njira zazing'ono zopumira m'mapapu anu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kupuma. Sikuti zokhazo, komanso ntchofu yokhuthala iyi imalolanso majeremusi kulowa mkati, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mudwale kwambiri.

Mankhwala ochepetsa ululu amathandiza kuchepetsa ululu wokhuthala ngati chingamu, ngati madzi. Kunena zoona, amaswa mgwirizano wa mankhwala omwe amachititsa kuti ululuwo ukhale wolimba. Ukakhala wochepa thupi, ukhoza kutsokomola mosavuta. Zimapangitsa kupuma kukhala kosavuta, ndipo chifuwa chanu chimamva bwino kwambiri.

Mankhwala otchedwa Mucolytic ndi gawo la gulu lalikulu la mankhwala. Timatcha gulu la mankhwala oletsa kutupa . Izi zikutanthauza kuti mankhwala aliwonse omwe amakhudza mamina m'njira zosiyanasiyana ndikuwathandiza kuti achotsedwe m'mapapo ndi a gulu ili. Mwachitsanzo, mankhwala ena otulutsa timadzi timene timamwa ngati chifuwa chabwinobwino amawonjezera kuchuluka kwa mamina, kuwasungunula, ndikuwathandiza kuti atuluke. Koma mankhwala otchedwa Mucolytic ndi osiyana pang'ono. Amakhudza mwachindunji mamolekyu a mamina okhuthala okha.

Kodi mankhwala a mucolytic awa amagwira ntchito bwanji m'thupi?

Kuti timvetse izi, choyamba tiyenera kudziwa pang'ono za momwe mapapu athu amayeretsera mwachibadwa.

Kawirikawiri, mapapo a munthu wathanzi nthawi zonse amatulutsa mamina enaake. Palibe cholakwika ndi zimenezo. Maminawa ndi ofunikira kwambiri. Chifukwa tikamapuma, ndimanawawa omwe amasunga zinthu zosafunikira monga fumbi, mungu, ndi majeremusi omwe amalowa mumlengalenga ndikuteteza mapapo powaletsa kulowa.

Kenako, m'njira zathu zopumira mpweya, muli mamiliyoni a zinthu zokongola kwambiri, zofanana ndi tsitsi. Monga tsitsi la tsache laling'ono. Timatcha izi kuti cilia . Cilia izi zimapitirira kuyenda mbali imodzi, yomwe ili kukhosi. Monga mafunde m'nyanja. Kuyenda kumeneku kumakankhira ntchentche yomwe yagwira tizilombo pang'onopang'ono kukhosi. Kenako, popanda kuzindikira, timameza ntchentcheyo, kapena timaitsokomola, n’kuilavula. Iyi ndi njira yachilengedwe yodabwitsa yomwe thupi lathu liyenera kuchita kuti mapapu athu akhale oyera.

Koma m'matenda ena a m'mapapo omwe amatenga nthawi yayitali, njirayi imasokonekera.

• Kuchuluka kwa mamina opangidwa kumawonjezeka kwambiri.
• Mamina omwe amapangika amakhala okhuthala kwambiri komanso omata.
• Matenda ena amafooketsa ntchito ya cilia imeneyo.

Pachifukwa ichi, mamina sangathe kutuluka ndipo amamatirira m'mapapo. Izi zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kupuma ndipo zimayambitsa matenda.

Kodi mankhwala a mucolytic amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa matenda ati?

Mankhwalawa si a chimfine kapena chifuwa. Nthawi zambiri amaperekedwa ndi dokotala kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda aakulu a m'mapapo omwe amatulutsa ntchofu yokhuthala.

• Cystic Fibrosis: Iyi ndi matenda obadwa nawo. Anthu omwe ali ndi matendawa amakhala ndi ntchofu yokhuthala kwambiri m'thupi lawo, makamaka m'mapapo ndi kapamba. Izi zimayambitsa matenda opatsirana m'mapapo pafupipafupi.
• Matenda a Bronchiectasis: Matendawa amapezeka pamene njira zopumira (bronchi) m'mapapo zimawonongeka kwamuyaya, zimakula, komanso zimadzaza ndi mamina. Izi zimayambitsa chifuwa chosatha komanso matenda opatsirana.
• Matenda Osatha a M'mapapo Oletsa Kupuma (COPD): Uwu ndi matenda a m'mapapo omwe nthawi zambiri amapezeka mwa osuta fodya. Matenda onse awiri otchedwa emphysema ndi bronchitis yosatha ali m'gulu ili. Zizindikiro zazikulu za izi ndi kupanga mamina okhuthala komanso kupuma movutikira.
• Mphumu: Odwala ena a mphumu amakhalanso ndi ntchofu yokhuthala. Pazochitika zotere, mankhwalawa angapatsidwe malinga ndi momwe dokotalayo akuonera.

Ndi mitundu iti ya Mucolytics yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri?

Pali mitundu iwiri ya Mucolytics yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ku Sri Lanka ndi padziko lonse lapansi.

1. Acetylcysteine: Imadziwikanso kuti N-acetyl cysteine, N-acetyl-L-cysteine, kapena NAC mwachidule. Mucomyst® ndi dzina lodziwika bwino la mankhwalawa. Ndi mankhwala abwino ochepetsa kutupa, komanso ali ndi mphamvu zotsutsana ndi kutupa komanso zotsutsana ndi ma antioxidants.

Mankhwala a Acetylcysteine ​​​​ali ndi phindu lina lodabwitsa komanso lopulumutsa moyo. Mankhwalawa amaperekedwanso m'zipatala kudzera mu njira ya IV (yolowetsedwa m'mitsempha) kuti apewe kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi ngati titamwa mankhwala ochulukirapo omwe nthawi zambiri timamwa chifukwa cha malungo ndi kupweteka kwa thupi, otchedwa Paracetamol (omwe amadziwikanso kuti Tylenol®), omwe ndi overdose.

2. Dornase Alfa (஡ோனேஸ அல�யா): Pulmozyme® ndi dzina la izi. Iyi ndi mankhwala ochepetsa mafinya. Komabe, iyi imakonda kulangizidwa kwa odwala omwe ali ndi Cystic Fibrosis. Sikoyenera kwa odwala omwe ali ndi Bronchiectasis opanda Cystic Fibrosis.

Kodi mungatenge bwanji mankhwalawa? (Njira zogwiritsira ntchito)

Pali njira zingapo zoperekera mankhwala a mucolytic awa m'thupi. Dokotala wanu adzasankha njira yoyenera kwambiri kutengera matenda anu.

• Kudzera mu nebulizer: Iyi ndi njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Mwina mwawonapo ana ndi akuluakulu akuyika chigoba chaching'ono pankhope pawo ndikupuma utsi. Makina amenewo amatchedwa nebulizer . Mankhwalawa amayikidwa mu mawonekedwe amadzimadzi mu makinawa ndipo munthuyo amapuma nthunzi yopyapyala yonga utsi yomwe imapangidwa kuchokera pamenepo kwa mphindi zochepa. Kenako mankhwalawo amapita mwachindunji m'mapapo.
• Ndi IV (yoperekedwa kudzera m'mitsempha): Pazidzidzidzi zina, makamaka pazochitika monga kumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo a Paracetamol, mankhwalawa amaperekedwa mwachindunji m'thupi kudzera mu kanula yomwe imayikidwa mumtsempha.
• Omwa: M'mayiko ena, mankhwalawa amapezeka ngati mapiritsi kapena paketi yomwe imasungunuka m'madzi ndikumwa.

Mucolytic ndi Expectorant: Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa awiriwa?

Izi ndi mfundo yosokoneza anthu ambiri. Mungaganize kuti, "Kodi mankhwala onse a chifuwa sali ofanana?" Koma si choncho. Mankhwala a Mucolytic ndi expectorant ndi mitundu iwiri ya mankhwala omwe amathandiza kuchotsa ntchofu, koma amagwira ntchito m'njira ziwiri zosiyana.

Kodi pali zotsatirapo zilizonse? Zinthu zomwe tiyenera kudziwa

Monga mankhwala ena aliwonse, mucolytics ingayambitse zotsatirapo zina, ngakhale kuti si aliyense amene amalandira.

Anthu omwe ali ndi mphumu ayenera kusamala kwambiri akamamwa Acetylcysteine. Izi zili choncho chifukwa nthawi zina mankhwalawa angapangitse kuti ma bronchioles azitsekeka kwambiri. Izi zimatchedwa bronchospasm . Chifukwa chake, ngati muli ndi mphumu, muyenera kuuza dokotala wanu musanamwe mankhwalawa. Ngati pakufunika kutero, akhoza kukupatsani mankhwala ena (bronchodilator) omwe amatsegula njira zopumira pamodzi ndi mankhwalawa.

Zotsatira zoyipa zomwe zimawonedwa kawirikawiri:

• Kusanza kapena kusanza
• Kusadya bwino kapena kudzimbidwa
• Kutupa pakhungu kapena kuyabwa
• Chikhure
• Kusintha kwa mawu kapena kutayika kwa mawu
• Kuvuta kupuma (kupuma movutikira)
• Kupweteka pachifuwa

Chinthu china, mankhwala a Acetylcysteine ​​​​awa ali ndi fungo loipa pang'ono. Anthu ambiri amati amanunkhiza ngati mazira ovunda. Si matenda, koma ndi kapangidwe ka mankhwala achilengedwe. Choncho musadandaule nazo.

Ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala nthawi yanji?

Mukamagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa, onetsetsani kuti mwalankhula ndi dokotala wanu pazochitika izi:

• Ngati muli ndi mafunso kapena kukayikira kulikonse pa mankhwala omwe mwapatsidwa.
• Ngati mukukumana ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa, zosayembekezereka, kapena zoopsa mutamwa mankhwala.
• Ngati mukuona kuti zizindikiro zanu sizikuyenda bwino ngakhale mutagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala.
• Ngati muli ndi mphumu ndipo mukuvutika kupuma mutamwa mankhwalawa, funani chithandizo mwamsanga .