Kodi muli ndi zizindikiro izi? Tiyeni tikambirane za Multiple Sclerosis (MS)!

Kodi nthawi zina mumamva ngati mukutaya mphamvu kapena maso anu ayamba kuoneka osawoneka bwino? Kapena mumamva ngati mukutaya mphamvu mukamayenda? Nthawi zina mumadabwa ngati zinthuzi zikungopita, kapena ngati ndi chiyambi cha chinthu chachikulu? Lero tikambirana za vuto lomwe ndi lovuta pang'ono, koma ndikofunikira kwambiri kulidziwa. Ndi Multiple Sclerosis , kapena MS mwachidule.

Kodi Multiple Sclerosis ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, multiple sclerosis (MS) ndi matenda omwe chitetezo cha mthupi lanu chimaukira ubongo wanu ndi msana wanu , womwe ndi dongosolo lanu la mitsempha . Izi zimatchedwa vuto la autoimmune .

Ganizirani mitsempha m'thupi lanu ngati mawaya amagetsi. Mawaya awa ali ndi chipolopolo choteteza, sichoncho? Mofananamo, maselo athu a mitsempha ali ndi chipolopolo choteteza chotchedwa myelin . Ma myelin awa amathandiza zizindikiro kuyenda m'mitsempha mwachangu komanso molondola. Kulankhulana kumeneku n'kofunika kwambiri pa chilichonse chomwe timawona, kumva, ndi kusuntha matupi athu.

Tsopano, chomwe chimachitikira munthu amene ali ndi MS ndichakuti chitetezo cha mthupi chake chimaukira maselo a myelin molakwika. Zili ngati gulu lathu lankhondo likuukira dziko lathu. Izi zimawononga zipolopolo za myelin. Kenako mauthenga a mitsempha samayenda bwino, samakhazikika pakati, kapena kupita njira yolakwika. Kuwonongeka kumeneku kungachitike muubongo, msana, komanso nthawi zina ngakhale m'mitsempha yomwe imalumikizana ndi maso.

Pakadali pano palibe mankhwala a MS. Komabe, pali njira zambiri zothandiza zochepetsera kuwonongeka ndikuletsa zizindikiro. Choncho musadandaule.

Kodi mitundu ikuluikulu ya MS ndi iti?

Matenda a MS amakhudza aliyense mosiyana, kotero madokotala amawagawa m'magulu angapo kutengera zizindikiro zanu. Awa si matenda osiyana, koma momwe matendawa amaonekera.

Pali mitundu ikuluikulu inayi:

1. Matenda Osiyana ndi Matenda a M'thupi (CIS): Iyi ndi nthawi yoyamba zizindikiro za MS kuwonekera. Koma palibe umboni wokwanira wotsimikizira kuti ndi MS. Zizindikirozi zimachitika chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa myelin. Si aliyense amene ali ndi CIS amene adzadwala MS, koma ena akhoza kudwala MS mtsogolo.

2. Matenda a Multiple Sclerosis Obwerezabwereza (RRMS): Uwu ndi mtundu wofala kwambiri wa MS . Pafupifupi 85% ya anthu omwe ali ndi MS amagwera m'gululi. Chomwe chimachitika ndichakuti zizindikiro zatsopano zimaonekera mwadzidzidzi, kapena zizindikiro zakale zimayipa. Timatcha izi kuti "kubwerera m'mbuyo" kapena "kuukira ." Kenako, pakapita nthawi, zizindikirozi zimachepa kapena kutha kwathunthu. Izi zimatchedwa "kukhululuka."Nthawi yakwana.

3. Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis (SPMS): Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi RRMS pamapeto pake amakhala ndi SPMS. Pa siteji iyi, kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha kumawonjezeka pang'onopang'ono ndipo zizindikiro zimakula pang'onopang'ono. Kubwereranso kumatha kuchitika, koma nthawi zochira, kapena nthawi zochepetsera zizindikiro, zimakhala zazifupi.

4. Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis (PPMS): Mu mtundu uwu, zizindikiro zimakula pang'onopang'ono kuyambira pachiyambi. Palibe kubwereranso ndi kuchira komveka bwino monga momwe zimakhalira mu RRMS.

Kuwonjezera pa mitundu inayi ikuluikulu iyi, pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya MS yomwe siidziwika bwino :

• Tumefactive Multiple Sclerosis: Iyi ndi mtundu wa multiple sclerosis womwe umayambitsa kuchotsa myelin m'malo akuluakulu a ubongo. Izi zitha kuwoneka ngati zotupa. Biopsy ingafunike kuti idziwe ngati iyi ndi chotupa cha mu ubongo.
• Balo's Concentric Sclerosis: Mu mkhalidwe uwu, kuwonongeka kwa myelin kumawoneka ngati mphete zozungulira pa MRI scan, ndichifukwa chake dzinalo.
• Marburg Variant Multiple Sclerosis: Iyi ndi mtundu wosowa kwambiri wa MS. Zizindikiro zimakula mofulumira ndipo zimatha kupha ngati sizikuchiritsidwa.

Kodi MS ndi yofala bwanji?

Kafukufuku wochitidwa m'maiko ngati United States akusonyeza kuti akuluakulu pafupifupi miliyoni imodzi ali ndi matenda a MS. Palinso anthu omwe ali ndi vutoli ku Sri Lanka.

Kodi zizindikiro zoyambirira za MS ndi ziti?

Zizindikiro zoyamba za MS zingaphatikizepo:

• Kusintha kwa masomphenya: Kusawona bwino m'diso limodzi, kupweteka (izi zimatchedwa optic neuritis ), kuwona kawiri, komanso mwina kutaya masomphenya.
• Kufooka kwa minofu: Nthawi zambiri mbali imodzi ya nkhope kapena thupi, kapena pansi pa chiuno.
• Kusanza kapena kumva zachilendo: Izi nthawi zambiri zimachitika mbali imodzi ya nkhope kapena thupi, kapena pansi pa chiuno. Zingamveke ngati kumva kunjenjemera, kapena zingamveke ngati palibe chilichonse.

Kodi zizindikiro zina za MS ndi ziti?

Nazi zizindikiro zina zomwe zimadziwika kuti MS:

• Kutopa: Sikuti kutopa kokha, komanso kutopa kosapiririka komanso kolemetsa.
• Kusakhazikika
• Chizungulire
• Kuvuta kulamulira ntchito ya chikhodzodzo: kukodza pafupipafupi, kulephera kulamulira kukodza.
• Kutaya mgwirizano ndi kusagwirizana
• Mavuto a ntchito ya ubongo:Zimenezi zikutanthauza kuchepa kwa kuganiza, kukumbukira, kusamala, kuphunzira, ndi kuweruza.
• Kusintha kwa maganizo: kukwiya, kukhumudwa, nkhawa.
• Kuuma kwa minofu ndi kugwedezeka kwa minofu / kunjenjemera

Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti zizindikirozi zimasiyana malinga ndi munthu. Zimene mungakhale nazo tsiku lina zingakhale zosiyana ndi zimene mudzakhala nazo tsiku lotsatira. Mungakhale ndi zizindikiro zingapo izi, koma osati zonse nthawi imodzi.

Kodi n'zotheka kukhala ndi moyo wabwinobwino ndi MS?

Izi n'zovuta kunena, chifukwa zomwe zili "zabwinobwino" zimasiyana malinga ndi munthu. Ndi MS, mutha kukhala ndi nthawi zopumula . Izi zikutanthauza nthawi zomwe zizindikiro zanu zimatha ndipo mutha kukhala chimodzimodzi monga momwe munaliri. Mutha kuiwala kuti muli ndi MS, mpaka zizindikiro zanu zitabwerera. Momwe "zabwinobwino" izi zimamvekera, komanso momwe zimamvekera, zimatha kusiyana malinga ndi mtundu wa MS komanso gawo la matendawa.

Kodi chimayambitsa MS ndi chiyani?

Chifukwa chachikulu cha MS ndi kuwonongeka kwa myelin (demyelination) . Monga tafotokozera kale, myelin ndi chitetezo chozungulira maselo amitsempha (neurons) muubongo wanu ndi msana. Ndi chomwe chimatumiza mauthenga pakati pa ubongo wanu ndi thupi lanu lonse, kulamulira zinthu monga masomphenya, kumva, ndi kuyenda.

Ntchito ya chitetezo chamthupi chanu ndikukutetezani ku zinthu zomwe zimawononga thupi lanu, monga mabakiteriya ndi mavairasi. Koma mu MS, chitetezo chanu chamthupi chimayamba kugwira ntchito mopitirira muyeso ndipo molakwika chimaganiza kuti myelin yathanzi (ndipo nthawi zina maselo amitsempha omwe ali pansi pake) ndi chiwopsezo. Chitetezo chamthupi chikaukira myelin yathanzi iyi, chimaiwononga. Izi zimatchedwa demyelination .

Dokotala angagwiritse ntchito mayeso ojambulira zithunzi, monga MRI, kuti apeze umboni wa kuwonongeka kwa myelin kumeneku. Angatchule kuti ndi chilonda, chotupa, kapena plaque . Pamene myelin yawonongeka, mauthenga pakati pa maselo amitsempha sayenda bwino. Ndicho chimene chimayambitsa zizindikiro za MS.

Akatswiri sakudziwabe chifukwa chake anthu ena amadwala MS, koma kafukufuku akusonyeza kuti zinthuzi zitha kuwonjezera chiopsezo cha matenda a MS:

• Kusuta
• Kukhudzidwa ndi poizoni: Mwachitsanzo, kukhudzidwa ndi utsi wa fodya, mankhwala ophera tizilombo.
• Vitamini D yochepa
• Kukumana ndi kachilombo: Mwachitsanzo, kachilombo ka Epstein-Barr kapena mononucleosis .
• Kunenepa kwambiri ali mwana
• Chibadwa:Izi zikutanthauza kuti ngati wina m'banja mwanu ali ndi matendawa, kapena ngati muli ndi majini omwe amakupatsani mwayi woti mudwale matendawa, muli ndi mwayi waukulu woti mudwale matendawa.

Ndani ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda a MS?

Mungakhale pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda a MS ngati:

• Ngati muli ndi zaka pakati pa 20 ndi 40 .
• Ngati muli ndi makolo aku Northern Europe .
• Ngati ndinu mkazi (akazi ali ndi mwayi waukulu wopeza MS).

Koma kumbukirani kuti MS ingakhudze aliyense. Nthawi zina, ingakhudzenso ana .

Kodi ndi mavuto otani omwe angabwere chifukwa cha MS?

Ngati zizindikiro za MS zikuipiraipira kapena zikuipiraipira pang'onopang'ono, mavuto monga:

• Kuvuta kuyenda popanda thandizo.
• Kutaya mphamvu yolamulira matumbo kapena chikhodzodzo .
• Kutaya kukumbukira .
• Kulephera kugonana .
• Kuvutika maganizo ndi nkhawa .

Kodi matenda a MS amachiritsidwa bwanji?

Palibe mayeso amodzi omwe angapezeke kuti adziwe matenda a MS. M'malo mwake, dokotala angaganize kuti muli ndi MS mutachita mayeso akuthupi, mayeso a mitsempha, ndi mayeso ena angapo .

Pa nthawi yoyezetsa, dokotala wanu adzaphunzira zambiri zokhudza zizindikiro zanu ndi mbiri yanu yachipatala. Mayesowa angaphatikizepo kuyezetsa magazi, MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) scans ya ubongo wanu ndi msana wanu, komanso kuyezetsa madzi a msana wanu.

Zingatenge nthawi kuti mudziwe bwinobwino za matenda a MS. Mungafunike kuonana ndi dokotala kangapo musanadziwe bwinobwino. Izi zili choncho chifukwa zizindikiro za MS zimatha kufanana ndi za matenda ena ambiri ofala. Ngakhale kuti kuchedwa kupeza matenda kungakhale kokhumudwitsa, kupeza matenda olondola kungathandize dokotala wanu kuchiza zizindikiro zanu moyenera.

Ndi mayeso ati omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira MS?

Mayeso ozindikira matenda amathandiza dokotala wanu kuchotsa matenda ena omwe ali ndi zizindikiro zofanana ndi za MS. Mayesowa angaphatikizepo:

• Kuyezetsa magazi ndi mkodzo
• Mayeso a Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
• Mayeso a Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT): Izi zimayang'ana kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha ya maso.
• Kuboola kwa msana: Izi zimaphatikizapo kutenga chitsanzo cha madzi amsana kuchokera ku msana ndikuwayang'ana.
• Mayeso a Evoked Potential (EP): Izi zimayesa momwe mitsempha imayendera mwachangu.

Ndani amazindikira MS?

Ngati dokotala wanu wamkulu akukayikira kuti mwina muli ndi MS, adzakutumizani kwa katswiri wa mitsempha . Katswiri wa mitsempha ndi dokotala yemwe ndi katswiri wochiza matenda a mitsempha, kuphatikizapo ubongo ndi msana.

Kodi MS ingachiritsidwe kwathunthu?

Mwatsoka, pakadali pano palibe njira yochiritsira MS kwathunthu .

Kodi mankhwala a MS ndi otani?

Zolinga zazikulu za chithandizo cha matenda a multiple sclerosis ndi kuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwina, kuwongolera zizindikiro, komanso kupewa mavuto . Ndondomeko yanu ya chithandizo ingakhale ndi izi:

• Mankhwala
• Kuchiza thupi, chithandizo cha ntchito, kapena chithandizo cha kulankhula
• Uphungu wa zaumoyo wamaganizo

Njira zina zothanirana ndi zizindikiro zimasiyana malinga ndi momwe matendawa amakukhudzirani. Zingaphatikizepo:

• Kuvala magalasi kapena kumwa mankhwala a vuto la maso.
• Kulimbikitsa Kwambiri Ubongo kwa Kugwedezeka kwa Minofu.
• Kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zothandizira monga ndodo, choyendera, kapena mpando wa olumala pamavuto oyenda.
• Mankhwala oletsa kugunda kwa mtima kapena mankhwala oletsa kupsinjika kwa minofu (monga gabapentin kapena nortriptyline ).
• Mankhwala monga donepezil a zizindikiro za ubongo.
• Njira zina zochiritsira monga acupuncture ndi yoga .

Ngati thupi lanu silikuyankha bwino mankhwala enaake panthawi ya kuukira kwa MS, dokotala wanu angakulangizeni kusinthana kwa plasma (plasmapheresis) . Izi zimathandiza kwambiri kuchepetsa kuwonongeka komwe kumabwera chifukwa cha kuukira komwe kulipo kusiyana ndi kupewa kuukira kwina kwa nthawi yayitali.

Mukhozanso kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu ngati pali mayeso aliwonse azachipatala omwe mungatenge nawo mbali. Mayeso azachipatala ndi mayeso omwe anthu amayesa kuti apeze mankhwala atsopano a MS ndi matenda ena, kaya mankhwala atsopano kapena njira zatsopano zogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala omwe alipo kale.

Mankhwala a multiple sclerosis

Mankhwala a multiple sclerosis angachepetse kubwerezabwereza kwa matendawa, kuchepetsa kukula kwa zilonda/mabala atsopano muubongo ndi msana, ndikuchepetsa kukula kwa matendawa. Mitundu yodziwika bwino ya mankhwala a MS ndi awa:

1. Mankhwala Osintha Matenda (DMTs):Mankhwala a DMT amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa kubwereranso komwe mumakhala nako, amachepetsa kupita patsogolo kwa matenda a MS, komanso amaletsa zilonda zatsopano kuti zisapangike muubongo ndi msana wanu. Pali mankhwala angapo ovomerezeka ndi U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito pochiza matenda a MS kwa nthawi yayitali.

2. Mankhwala oletsa kubwereranso m'thupi: Pa matenda oopsa, mankhwala monga corticosteroids (monga methylprednisolone ) amaletsa chitetezo cha mthupi lanu ndipo amachepetsa kutupa mwachangu. Mankhwalawa amatha kukuthandizani kuti muchiritsidwe msanga mutadwala. Amachepetsanso kuwonongeka kwa myelin sheath yozungulira maselo a mitsempha yanu. Dokotala wanu angakupatseni mankhwala awa kudzera mu IV (intravenously) . Mankhwala ena afupiafupi a matenda oopsa ndi monga IV immunoglobulin therapy kapena plasma exchange .

Ma DMT a MS

Nazi ma DMT omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa MS ndi njira zawo zoperekera:

• Majakisoni pakhungu lanu: Beta interferon, glatiramer acetate, kapena ofatumumab.
• Kulowetsedwa mu mtsempha (IV): Alemtuzumab, natalizumab, rituximab, ocrelizumab, kapena ublituximab.
• Mankhwala omwa: Cladribine, dimethyl fumarate, diroximel fumarate, monomethyl fumarate, fingolimod, siponimod, ponesimod, ozanimod, kapena teriflunomide.
• Kusamutsa maselo oyambira

Kodi matenda a multiple sclerosis angapewedwe?

Pakadali pano palibe njira yodziwika yopewera MS.

Kodi mungatani kuti muchepetse kuopsa kwa zizindikiro za MS?

Njira yothandiza kwambiri yochepetsera kuchuluka kwa kuphulika kwa matenda, kubwereranso m'mbuyo, ndi kuukira komwe mukukumana nako ndikumwa mankhwala osinthira matenda (DMTs) .

Ndikofunikanso kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi . Zosankha zomwe mumapanga zingathandize kuchepetsa kufalikira kwa matendawa. Kuti mukhale ndi thanzi labwino, dokotala wanu angakulangizeni izi:

• Kudya chakudya chopatsa thanzi.
• Kugona mokwanira.
• Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse.
• Kusagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zopangidwa ndi fodya.

Kulimbana ndi matenda osatha kungakhale kovuta m'maganizo. Nthawi zina MS ingakhudze momwe mumamvera komanso kukumbukira kwanu. Katswiri wa zamaganizo kapena mlangizi wa zaumoyo wamaganizoKugwirira ntchito limodzi ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pothana ndi matendawa kwa nthawi yayitali.

Kodi chiyembekezo cha MS ndi chiyani?

Matenda a multiple sclerosis ndi matenda omwe sachiza matenda kwa moyo wonse . Komabe, njira zomwe zilipo panopa zimathandiza kwambiri pothana ndi zizindikiro komanso kuchepetsa kuphulika kwa matenda. Ngati pali chithandizo kapena ayi, matenda a MS amatha kulephera kugwira ntchito za tsiku ndi tsiku popanda thandizo. Gulu lanu losamalira odwala lilipo kuti likuthandizeni paulendo wanu wonse wa MS, kutenga njira zopewera mavuto ndikuwongolera moyo wanu.

Kodi multiple sclerosis imakhudza moyo wanu wonse?

Mungathe kuyembekezera kukhala moyo wabwinobwino ndi MS. Ngakhale kuti maphunziro akale adawonetsa kuti MS ingafupikitse moyo wanu ndi zaka pafupifupi 10, izi zasintha kwambiri chifukwa cha kupita patsogolo kwa njira zochiritsira. Nthawi zina MS imapha.

Kodi munthu amene ali ndi MS angakhale ndi moyo wabwinobwino?

Inde. MS ikhoza kukhala vuto lovuta kulizindikira ndi kulithetsa, koma gulu lanu losamalira lidzakuthandizani panjira iliyonse. Ngakhale kuti palibe mankhwala, mutha kukhala ndi moyo wokhutiritsa komanso wokangalika ndi MS. Kuyambira mankhwala mpaka chithandizo, pali njira zokuthandizani kuti mugwire bwino ntchito yanu yakuthupi ndi yamaganizo. Palinso magulu othandizira omwe angakuthandizeni kulumikizana ndi ena omwe adakumanapo ndi zomwezo.

Kodi muyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Muyenera kuonana ndi dokotala ngati mukukumana ndi zizindikiro monga izi:

• Kumva kutentha kwambiri.
• Ngati mukumva kusakhazikika kapena kusakhazikika bwino.
• Kuvuta kukumbukira zinthu.
• Makamaka ngati muli ndi dzanzi kapena kumva kuwawa m'manja kapena m'mapazi.
• Kusintha kwa masomphenya mwadzidzidzi.
• Ngati mukumva kufooka m'manja kapena miyendo yanu.

Ngati muli ndi MS ndipo mukuyamba zizindikiro zatsopano, kapena ngati zizindikiro zomwe zilipo zikuipiraipira, uzani dokotala wanu.

Ndi mafunso ati omwe muyenera kufunsa dokotala wanu?

Mungafune kufunsa dokotala wanu mafunso awa:

• Kodi mumalimbikitsa chithandizo chamtundu wanji?
• Kodi ndiyenera kupita ku physiotherapy kangati?
• Kodi pali zotsatirapo zilizonse pa mankhwala omwe mwandipatsa?
• Ndiyenera kumwa mankhwala nthawi yanji komanso kangati?
• Ndi zizindikiro ziti zomwe ndiyenera kuyang'anitsitsa?
• Kodi mungandipatse upangiri wokhudza kukhala ndi thanzi labwino?
• Kodi pali magulu othandizira omwe mungawalimbikitse?

Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba

Matenda a multiple sclerosis (MS) ndi matenda okhumudwitsa komanso oopsa. Zizindikiro zimatha kubwera mwadzidzidzi ndikuipiraipira. Matenda a MS angapangitsenso kuti mukhale ndi ngozi zambiri ngati mutataya mphamvu zanu.

Koma, simuli nokha. Dokotala angakuthandizeni kuthana ndi vutoli ndikupitiriza ntchito zanu za tsiku ndi tsiku mosamala. Pamene matendawa akupitirira, mungafunike kusintha pang'ono pa moyo wanu, monga kugwiritsa ntchito chothandizira kuyenda kapena kuvala magalasi. Koma anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi MS amakhala ndi moyo wodzaza ndi mphamvu mothandizidwa ndi gulu lawo losamalira. Ngati muli ndi mafunso okhudza njira zomwe mungasankhire chithandizo, zizindikiro kapena zovuta zomwe muyenera kusamala nazo, musazengereze kufunsa madokotala anu. Kudziwitsidwa ndikupeza chithandizo choyenera ndiyo njira yabwino kwambiri yokhalira bwino ndi MS.

` Multiple Sclerosis, MS, Matenda a Mitsempha, Myelin, Ubongo, Msana, Zizindikiro, Chithandizo, Matenda a Autoimmune, Multiple Sclerosis