Kodi muli ndi chizolowezi chogwiritsa ntchito nikotini? (Kudalira Nikotini / Matenda Ogwiritsa Ntchito Fodya) Tiyeni tikambirane izi mwatsatanetsatane!

Kodi munayamba mwawonapo munthu akunena kuti sangakhale popanda ndudu, kapena akuchita ngati sangakhale popanda fodya pang'ono tsiku lililonse? Mwina inunso mwakumanapo ndi vuto lofananalo. Chifukwa cha izi ndi chizolowezi cha chinthu chotchedwa nikotini . Sizophweka monga momwe mukuganizira, koma musadandaule, tiyeni tikambirane chifukwa chake.

Kodi Kudalira Nikotini N'chiyani?

Mwachidule, nikotini ndi chinthu cholimbikitsa chomwe chimapezeka mu chomera cha fodya. Mukagwiritsa ntchito zinthu monga fodya (ndudu, ndudu, beedis, snuff, snuff powder, ndi zina zotero), nikotini imalowa m'thupi lanu. Pakapita nthawi, thupi lanu limazolowera kuchuluka kwa nikotini kumeneku. Kenako, thupi lanu limadalira nikotini. Ichi ndi chomwe timachitcha kuti nicotine dependency kapena fodya wogwiritsa ntchito matenda .

Kudalira kumeneku kumatikhudza m'njira ziwiri zazikulu:

• Kudalira thupi: Apa ndi pamene thupi lanu limayamba kukumana ndi mavuto mukasiya kugwiritsa ntchito nikotini. Izi timazitcha zizindikiro zosiya kugwiritsa ntchito nikotini. Mwachitsanzo, mungamve kusakhazikika komanso kuda nkhawa.
• Kudalira maganizo: Apa ndi pamene mumamva ngati simungathe kuthera tsiku lonse popanda nikotini. Yakhala gawo la zochita zanu za tsiku ndi tsiku. Mwachitsanzo, munthu amene ali ndi chizolowezi chosuta ndudu ndi khofi m'mawa angavutike kuyamba tsiku popanda nikotini.

Kodi cholimbikitsa n'chiyani?

Zinthu zolimbikitsa monga nikotini zimafulumizitsa kuyenda kwa mauthenga pakati pa ubongo wanu ndi thupi lanu. Izi zimapangitsa ubongo wanu kutulutsa mankhwala ambiri otchedwa dopamine . Dopamine iyi ndi yomwe imakupangitsani kukhala osangalala komanso okhutira. Zinthu zolimbikitsa zimakupangitsaninso kukhala atcheru komanso otsitsimula.

Kodi nikotini ndi yoledzeretsadi?

Inde, ndithudi. Nikotini ndi chinthu chomwe chimakupangitsani kukhala ndi vuto la kukoka . Mukagwiritsa ntchito zinthu za nikotini, zimasintha momwe ubongo wanu umagwirira ntchito. Kusintha kumeneku ndi komwe kumakupangitsani kukhala ndi vuto la kukoka nikotini.

Ndani amene amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi chizolowezi cha nikotini?

Kuledzera kwa nikotini kungakhudze anthu azaka zilizonse. Komabe, ndi koopsa kwambiri kwa achinyamata, makamaka ana azaka za kusukulu . Popeza ubongo ukukulabe ali aang'ono, mwayi wokhala ndi nikotini ndi wokwera kwambiri.

Zatsimikiziridwa mwasayansi kuti mukayamba kugwiritsa ntchito nikotini ali aang'ono, m'pamenenso mumakhala ndi mwayi wokonda kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito nikotini. Kafukufuku ku US adapeza kuti ana atatu mwa anayi omwe amasuta ku sekondale amapitiriza kusuta akakula.

Kodi chizolowezi cha nikotini chimafala bwanji?

Vutoli ndi lofala kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, ku United States, anthu opitilira 23 miliyoni, kapena pafupifupi 8.5% ya anthu opitirira zaka 12, amadwala matendawa. Vutoli limapezekanso kwambiri ku Sri Lanka.

Kodi kusuta fodya kumayambitsanso chizolowezi cha nikotini?

Inde, ndithudi. Mutha kukhala ndi chizolowezi cha chilichonse chomwe chili ndi nikotini. Izi zikuphatikizapo fodya (monga ndudu, ndudu, ndi fodya wotafuna) komanso ndudu zamagetsi, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito posuta ndudu . Anthu ena amaganiza kuti kusuta ndudu sikuvulaza kwambiri kuposa kusuta ndudu, koma kumakhalabe ndi nikotini, kotero chiopsezo cha chizolowezicho ndi chimodzimodzi.

Kodi kugwiritsa ntchito nikotini ndi chizolowezi kapena chizolowezi?

Nikotini ndi chinthu chomwe chimakupangitsani kukhala ndi chizolowezi . Timachitcha vutoli, pamene thupi lanu mwakuthupi kapena m'maganizo mukufuna nikotini, vuto lotchedwa Tobacco Use Disorder . Nikotini imayambitsa mankhwala otchedwa dopamine kutulutsidwa mu "malo osangalatsa" (malo opezera mphotho) muubongo wanu. Izi zimakupatsani chisangalalo ndi mpumulo kwakanthawi. Chisangalalocho chikatha, mumachilakalakanso.

Kugwiritsa ntchito nikotini kungakhalenso chizolowezi. Mwachitsanzo, ngati muyamba kusuta ndudu m'mawa uliwonse mukadzuka, zimakhala gawo la zochita zanu za tsiku ndi tsiku.

Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa kudalira mankhwala a Nikotini ndi vuto la kugwiritsa ntchito fodya?

Kudalira Nikotini ndi pamene thupi lanu limazolowera nikotini ndi zomwe zimayambitsa. Matenda Ogwiritsa Ntchito Fodya , kapena chizolowezi cha nikotini, ndi pamene thupi lanu limafunikira nikotini kuti lipewe zizindikiro zosiya kugwiritsa ntchito fodya . Nikotini imakhudza "malo osangalatsa" muubongo wanu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ukhale wovuta kwambiri.

Kodi nikotini kapena caffeine ndizovuta kwambiri?

Kafeini ndi chinthu cholimbikitsa chomwe chimapezeka mu khofi, tiyi, ndi zakumwa zina zoziziritsa kukhosi. Kafeini ingakhalenso yosokoneza thupi lanu likazolowera.

Kafeini ndi nikotini zonse zimatulutsa dopamine mu ubongo. Komabe, kuchuluka kwa dopamine komwe kumachokera mu caffeine ndi kochepa kwambiri. Chifukwa nikotini imasintha momwe ubongo umagwirira ntchito, ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ubongo ukhale wovuta kwambiri.

N’chifukwa chiyani izi zimakupangitsani kukhala ndi chizolowezi chomwa nikotini? Kodi zimakukhudzani bwanji?

Chifukwa chachikulu chomwe chimayambitsa chizolowezi cha nicotine ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zopangidwa ndi fodya. Mukagwiritsa ntchito chinthu chopangidwa ndi fodya, nicotine imapita m'mapapo mwanu ndipo imalowa m'magazi mwachangu. Ikalowa m'magazi mwanu, imapita ku ziwalo zina za thupi lanu. Imatulutsa dopamine muubongo mwanu, kukupatsani chisangalalo ndi kukhutitsidwa kwakanthawi.

"Kumva bwino" kumeneku kukatha (nthawi zambiri mkati mwa mphindi zochepa), mungamve kusakhazikika, kukwiya, kapena kukwiya. Anthu ambiri amayesa kubwereranso kugwiritsa ntchito nikotini kuti ayesere kumwa mowa womwewo. Pamene mukugwiritsa ntchito nikotini mobwerezabwereza, thupi lanu limakhala ndi mphamvu yolekerera . Izi zikutanthauza kuti mukufunika nikotini yambiri kuti mumwa mowa womwewo monga kale.

Kodi zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti munthu akhale ndi chizolowezi cha nikotini?

Nikotini ndi yoledzeretsa kwambiri - mwina yoledzeretsa ngati mowa, cocaine kapena heroin. Thupi lanu limatha kudalira nikotini mutagwiritsa ntchito koyamba, kapena mutagwiritsa ntchito kawiri kapena katatu. Ndi yamphamvu kwambiri.

Kodi zizindikiro za chizolowezi cha nikotini ndi ziti?

Zizindikiro zodziwika bwino za Matenda a Kusuta Fodya ndi izi:

• Kumva chilakolako champhamvu cha nikotini, ndikumva ngati ukufunika nikotini kuti ugwire ntchito za tsiku ndi tsiku.
• Kumva chisoni, nkhawa, komanso kukwiya msanga.
• Zizindikiro zosiya kumwa mankhwala zimaonekera. Mwachitsanzo, kusakhazikika maganizo, kusowa tulo.
• Kuti mumve chisangalalo chomwechi monga kale, muyenera nikotini yambiri.
• Kugwiritsa ntchito nikotini ngakhale kuti mukudziwa kuti ndi yovulaza thanzi.
• Kufuna kusiya kugwiritsa ntchito nikotini, koma osatha kutero.

Kodi chilakolako cha nikotini chimamveka bwanji?

Mukalakalaka nikotini mwakuthupi, mwina mudzakhala osakhazikika, oda nkhawa, komanso okwiya. Mungamvenso kupsinjika pakhosi kapena m'mimba mwanu. Chilakolakochi chingasiyane nthawi ndi nthawi. Nthawi zina chingakhale chofatsa, koma nthawi zina chingakhale champhamvu kwambiri.

Kodi zizindikiro zosiya kumwa nikotini ndi ziti?

Zizindikiro zosiya kumwa mankhwala zimayamba kuonekera mukasiya kupatsa thupi lanu nikotini. Ngakhale zizindikirozi zimatha kusiyana malinga ndi munthu, zomwe zimafala kwambiri ndi izi:

Zizindikiro za kulephera kudya:

• Kulimba pachifuwa.
• Kuvuta kugona.
• Chizungulire .
• Kutupa, kudzimbidwa, kapena kutsegula m'mimba .
• Mutu .
• Kuwonjezeka kwa njala ndi kunenepa.
• Mphuno yotuluka madzi, chifuwa, pakamwa pouma ndi pakhosi, pakhosi powawa.
• Kusanza .

Zizindikiro za kulephera kulamulira maganizo/maganizo:

• Kusakhazikika, kusokonezeka maganizo, ndi mkwiyo.
• Kutopa, kutopa, kusowa chidwi ndi chilichonse.
• Kuvuta kuganizira kwambiri.
• Chisoni kapena kuvutika maganizo .

Kodi zizindikiro zosiya kumwa mowa zimayamba liti?

Zizindikiro zosiya nikotini nthawi zambiri zimayamba mkati mwa maola ochepa mutagwiritsa ntchito nikotini komaliza. Zimakhala zoopsa kwambiri tsiku lachiwiri kapena lachitatu mutasiya.

Ngati mukuda nkhawa ndi zizindikiro zosiya nikotini, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu. Iye angakuthandizeni kupeza chithandizo kapena kuphatikiza mankhwala omwe angakuthandizeni kuthana ndi zizindikirozi. Mankhwalawa nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito kuphatikiza mankhwala ndi upangiri.

Kodi mumazindikira bwanji chizolowezi ichi cha nikotini?

Dokotala wanu angadziwe ngati muli ndi chizolowezi cha nikotini mwa kukufunsani mafunso angapo kapena mwa kukufunsani kuti mudzaze mafunso. Izi zimatchedwanso Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence .

Dokotala wanu adzadziwa kuchuluka kwa kudalira kwanu kutengera zinthu izi:

• Kodi mumagwiritsa ntchito fodya zingati patsiku?
• Kodi mumagwiritsa ntchito fodya kapena nikotini mofulumira bwanji mukadzuka m'mawa?

Kodi chizolowezi cha nikotini ichi chingachiritsidwe?

Inde, chizolowezi cha nikotini chingachiritsidwe. Zimatenga nthawi kuti muthetse kufunikira kwa nikotini, koma mutha kusiya kwathunthu chizolowezichi.

Kodi pali mankhwala ochizira chizolowezi cha nikotini?

Chithandizo sichifunika kuti munthu achire chizolowezi cha nikotini. Komabe, anthu omwe amalandira chithandizo amatha kusiya mosavuta. Pali mankhwala othandiza omwe angathandize kuchiza chizolowezi cha nikotini ndikuchepetsa zizindikiro zosiya kugwiritsa ntchito nikotini. Mankhwalawa akuphatikizapo mankhwala ovomerezeka ndi US Food and Drug Administration ndi njira zochiritsira zamakhalidwe.

Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti anthu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ndi mankhwala pamodzi amapambana kwambiri kusiya nikotini kuposa omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala amodzi okha kapena osagwiritsa ntchito konse.

Nazi njira zochizira:

• Chithandizo Chosintha Nikotini (NRT)
• Mankhwala olembedwa ndi dokotala oletsa nikotini
• Njira zothandizira anthu kuchita zinthu moganizira ena, monga kusinkhasinkha maganizo ndi kufunsira mafunso olimbikitsa (MI)

Kodi mankhwala ochizira chizolowezi cha nikotini ndi ati?

Pali mitundu ingapo ya mankhwala ochizira chizolowezi cha nikotini:

• Chithandizo Chosintha Nikotini (NRT): Awa ndi mankhwala ogulitsidwa kunja kwa kampani (OTC) omwe mungagule ku pharmacy. Amagwira ntchito polimbikitsa ma receptors muubongo wanu omwe amayankha nikotini. Izi zikuphatikizapo ma patches a transdermal , mkamwa, ndi ma lozenges . Palinso ma spray a m'mphuno omwe mungapeze kwa dokotala.Mukhozanso kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu za mankhwala opopera m'mphuno ndi mankhwala opumira .
• Bupropion: Iyi ndi mankhwala operekedwa ndi dokotala. Ndi othandiza ngati NRT. Amachepetsa kuyamwa kwa norepinephrine ndi dopamine muubongo. Bupropion idayambitsidwa koyamba ngati mankhwala ochizira kuvutika maganizo.
• Varenicline: Mankhwalawa amagwira ntchito polimbikitsa alpha-4 beta-2 nicotinic receptor muubongo, kuchepetsa chilakolako cha nicotine. Kafukufuku wina wasonyeza kuti ndi othandiza kwambiri kuposa NRT ndi bupropion.
• Mankhwala ena oletsa kuvutika maganizo: Kafukufuku waung'ono wasonyeza kuti mankhwala oletsa kuvutika maganizo monga nortriptyline angathandize kuthetsa chizolowezi cha nikotini.

Kodi njira zochiritsira khalidwe la chizolowezi cha nikotini ndi ziti?

Dokotala wanu angakulangizeninso njira zochiritsira matenda monga izi pamodzi ndi mankhwala:

• Chithandizo cha Maganizo (CBT): Kuphunzira CBT kungakuthandizeni kuzindikira zinthu zomwe zimakupangitsani kugwiritsa ntchito nikotini ndikupeza njira zothandiza zothetsera vutoli. CBT imakuphunzitsani momwe mungagonjetsere kufunikira kwa maganizo kwa nikotini.
• Kufunsa Mafunso Olimbikitsa (MI): Chithandizochi chimakuthandizani kuthetsa kusamvetsetsana kwanu pankhani yogwiritsa ntchito nikotini ndikuwonjezera chikhumbo chanu chosiya. Chimakuthandizani kukhala ndi malingaliro abwino, kudzidalira, komanso kuthekera kosintha zinthu.
• Kusamala: Ndi njira iyi, mumatembenukira mkati ndikuphunzira kuthana ndi malingaliro oipa ndi zilakolako za nikotini popanda kugwiritsa ntchito nikotini.
• Thandizo pa foni ndi mizere yosiya kugwiritsa ntchito nikotini: Ngati mukufuna kusiya kugwiritsa ntchito nikotini, pezani magulu othandizira ndi alangizi omwe amapereka chithandizo pafoni kapena pamasom'pamaso. Pali ntchito zofanana ku Sri Lanka.

Kodi pali zotsatirapo zilizonse pa mankhwala awa?

Inde, mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza chizolowezi cha nicotine angayambitse zotsatirapo zina.

Zotsatira zoyipa za ma patches a NRT:

• Chizungulire.
• Kugunda kwa mtima.
• Mutu.
• Kupweteka kwa minofu ndi kuuma kwake.
• Kusanza.
• Kufiira kwa khungu kapena kuyabwa.
• Mavuto ogona kapena maloto achilendo (makamaka ndi chigamba cha maola 24).

Zotsatira zoyipa za NRT kutafuna chingamu:

• Kumva kukoma koipa mkamwa.
• Kugunda kwa mtima.
• Kuvutika maganizo.
• Ululu m'dera la nsagwada.
• Zilonda pakamwa.
• Kusanza.
• Chikhure.

(Zotsatira zoyipa za mitundu ina ya NRT ndi Bupropion, Varenicline zitha kulembedwa mofananamo, monga momwe zilili m'nkhani yoyambirira. Ndizilemba mwachidule apa chifukwa cha malo. Koma ziyenera kuphatikizidwa mu nkhani yonse.)

Kodi muyenera kudziwa chiyani musanayambe kumwa mankhwala?

Ngati mwasankha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala okuthandizani kuthetsa chizolowezi cha nikotini, kumbukirani zinthu izi:

• Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu musanayambe kumwa mankhwala aliwonse. Mankhwala a NRT sakuvomerezeka kwa amayi apakati kapena achinyamata. Komanso, musagwiritse ntchito NRTs ngati mukugwiritsabe ntchito fodya (kuphatikizapo fodya wosuta).
• Werengani malangizo a mankhwala aliwonse mosamala ndipo muwatsatire bwino.

Kodi ndi chiyani china chomwe chingachitike kuti muchepetse zizindikiro zosiya kumwa mowa?

Nazi njira zina zothanirana ndi zizindikiro zosiya nikotini:

• Maseŵero Olimbitsa Thupi: Chitani masewera olimbitsa thupi omwe mumakonda. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi sikungokuthandizani kuti musamaganizire za zizindikiro zosiya kumwa nikotini, komanso kumathandiza kwambiri thanzi lanu.
• Khalani ndi anzanu osasuta: Uzani aliyense kuti mukuyesera kusiya kusuta. Angakuthandizeni.
• Manja anu azikhala otanganidwa: Gwiritsani ntchito mpira wovutitsa maganizo kapena choseweretsa chofidget.
• Sungani udzu, chotsukira mano, kapena sinamoni mkamwa mwanu: Zinthu izi zipangitsa milomo ndi pakamwa panu kumva ngati pali chinthu chokhudza. Kutafuna chingamu kungathandizenso kuti pakamwa panu pakhale ntchito yambiri.
• Gonjetsani mayesero: Lembani mayankho omveka bwino a nkhani zabodza zomwe zimabwera m'maganizo mwanu, monga "Kusuta ndudu sikulakwa."

Kodi zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti munthu achire kwathunthu ku chizolowezi cha nicotine?

Zizindikiro za kusiya nikotini zimatha kukhala masiku angapo mpaka milungu ingapo. Zizindikiro zanu zimachepa pang'onopang'ono pakapita nthawi. Zizindikiro zanu zikatha, thupi lanu silidaliranso nikotini.

Kodi mungachepetse bwanji chiopsezo cha chizolowezi cha nikotini?

Njira yabwino yopewera chizolowezi cha nicotine ndiyo kupewa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala aliwonse omwe ali ndi nicotine, kuphatikizapo ndudu zamagetsi. Ngakhale kugwiritsa ntchito nicotine kamodzi kokha kungayambitse chizolowezi cha nicotine. Pewani zinthu zomwe zingakupangitseni kuti mugwiritse ntchito nicotine.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani ngati muli ndi vuto la kugwiritsa ntchito fodya?

Ngati muli ndi vutoli, thupi lanu limafuna nikotini nthawi zonse. Pamene kuchuluka kwa nikotini m'magazi anu kumachepa, mumakumana ndi zizindikiro zosasangalatsa zosiya kugwiritsa ntchito nikotini. Pamene mukuyamba kugwiritsa ntchito nikotini, kulolera kwanu mankhwalawo kumawonjezeka pakapita nthawi. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mukufunika nikotini yambiri kuti mukhale ndi "chisangalalo".

Kodi chizolowezi cha nikotini ichi chidzakhalapo kwa nthawi yayitali bwanji?

Mungakhale ndi vuto la kugwiritsa ntchito fodya limeneli malinga ngati mugwiritsa ntchito nikotini. Kwa anthu ena, limatha kukhala moyo wonse.Njira yokhayo yothetsera vutoli ndi kusiya kugwiritsa ntchito nikotini, ndipo muyenera kuyesetsa kuchita zimenezo.

Kodi mwayi wochira ku chizolowezi cha nikotini ndi wotani?

Kusiya chizolowezi cha nicotine n'kovuta, koma sikuti n'kosatheka. Zingakhale zosatheka poyesa koyamba. Komabe, akuluakulu atatu mwa asanu omwe ankasuta kale anasiya. Zimafunika kudzipereka ndi kupirira, koma zingatheke.

Mukasiya kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu za nikotini, mudzayamba kupeza phindu nthawi yomweyo. Mwachitsanzo, kugunda kwa mtima wanu ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi zidzabwerera mwakale mkati mwa mphindi 20 zoyambirira mutasiya. Pakapita nthawi, mudzapeza zabwino monga:

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* Kupuma kumakula, ndipo luso lanu lochita masewera olimbitsa thupi limakulanso.

* Kumva fungo ndi kukoma kumakula.

* Chiwopsezo chotenga matenda, kuphatikizapo khansa ndi matenda a mtima, chimachepa kufika pamlingo wabwinobwino.

* Mano ndi nkhama zimakhala zathanzi.

* Mutha kusunga ndalama zokwana mazana ambiri, ngakhale mazana ambiri.

Pomaliza, zomwe muyenera kukumbukira

Nikotini ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zomwe zimapangitsa kuti munthu azivutika kwambiri ndi kusuta fodya padziko lonse lapansi. Ngakhale kugwiritsa ntchito nikotini pang'ono kungayambitse vuto la kusuta fodya. Mankhwala owopsawa amatha kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zoipa kwa nthawi yayitali m'thupi lanu. Kuti muthane ndi vuto la kugwiritsa ntchito fodya, madokotala amalangiza kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ndi njira zina zochepetsera zizindikiro zosiya kusuta fodya. Ngati muli ndi vutoli, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu ndipo mukambirane za kusiya kusuta. Ndi chithandizo chake, ulendo wopita ku moyo wopanda nikotini ndi wosavuta. Musachite mantha kutenga sitepe imeneyo!

Nikotini , fodya, chizolowezi, kusuta fodya, kugwiritsa ntchito vape, thanzi, chithandizo