Kodi pali chotupa chatsopano pakhungu lanu? Tiyeni tiphunzire za khansa yoopsa ya nodular.

Kodi munayamba mwaonapo chotupa chachilendo pakhungu lanu chomwe chimakula mwadzidzidzi? Kapena mwina mwawona kusintha kwa khungu la mnzanu. Lero tikambirana za mtundu wa khansa ya pakhungu yomwe ndi yoopsa pang'ono, koma imatha kuthetsedwa ngati yapezeka msanga. Izi zimatchedwa nodular melanoma . Kumva dzinali kungakhale koopsa pang'ono, koma ngati tikudziwa, tingadziteteze ku vutoli ndikupeza chithandizo pasadakhale.

Kodi Nodular Melanoma ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, nodular melanoma ndi mtundu wa khansa ya pakhungu yotchedwa melanoma . Ndi yosiyana pang'ono ndi mitundu ina ya khansa ya pakhungu chifukwa imakula mofulumira kwambiri . Tangoganizirani, mkati mwa milungu ingapo, kapena miyezi ingapo, chotupachi chikhoza kukula ndikufalikira.

Ubwino wake ndi wakuti imakula molunjika, osati pamwamba pa khungu lokha, komanso pansi pa khungu . Ili ngati chipale chofewa chomwe chikuyandama m'nyanja. Titha kuwona gawo laling'ono la iyo pamwamba, koma gawo lalikulu kwambiri lili pansi pa madzi. Mofananamo, mu nodular melanoma, khansa yambiri imakhala pansi pa khungu. Ichi ndichifukwa chake imatha kukhala yoopsa pang'ono, chifukwa imakonda kulowa mkati mwachangu.

Kodi khansa iyi imayamba bwanji?

Chabwino, tsopano tiyeni tiwone magawo osiyanasiyana a khansa iyi yotchedwa Nodular Melanoma. Madokotala amaigawa m'magawo angapo, kutengera kufalikira ndi kuzama kwa khansa. Ndikofunikira kudziwa gawo ili, chifukwa chithandizo chimatsimikiziridwa kutengera izi.

Gawo 0 (Gawo 0 - Melanoma in situ)

Iyi ndi nthawi yoyambirira . Apa ndi pamene maselo a khansa ali kunja kwa khungu (epidermis) . Izi zikutanthauza kuti sanafalikire kupitirira pomwe adayambira. Ino ndi nthawi yabwino kwambiri yoipeza, chifukwa nthawi zambiri imatha kuchiritsidwa kwathunthu ndi chithandizo.

Gawo Loyamba

Pa siteji iyi, khansa imaonedwa kuti ndi yoopsa pang'ono . Izi zikutanthauza kuti palibe umboni woti yafalikira. Komanso ndi yaying'ono kwambiri , nthawi zambiri imakhala yochepera mamilimita awiri.

Gawo Lachiwiri

Pa siteji iyi, nodular melanoma ikhoza kukhala yokhuthala kuposa mamilimita awiri . Izi zikutanthauza kuti ili ndi chiopsezo chachikulu chobwereranso . Komabe, sinafalikirebe ku ziwalo zina za thupi.

Gawo Lachitatu

Izi ndi zoopsa kwambiri. Apa, khansa ikhoza kufalikira ku ma lymph nodes apafupi kapena ku ziwalo zina za khungu lapafupi . Ma lymph nodes ali ngati zosefera zazing'ono m'thupi lathu zomwe zimathandiza kulimbana ndi matenda. Ngati maselo a khansa alowa m'maselo amenewa, zikutanthauza kuti khansa yayamba kufalikira.

Gawo Lachinayi

Iyi ndi gawo lovuta kwambiri komanso lofala kwambiri.Apa, nodular melanoma imatha kufalikira ku ma lymph nodes akutali, mbali zina zakutali za khungu, kapena ngakhale ziwalo zamkati monga chiwindi, mapapo, ndi ubongo .

Ndani amene ali ndi mwayi waukulu wopeza izi?

Nodular Melanoma imatha kufalikira mwa aliyense, koma anthu ena ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu.

• Chiwopsezochi n'chokwera kwa amuna , makamaka omwe ali ndi zaka zoposa 50 .
• Ngati munakhalapo ndi khansa ya pakhungu kale .
• Ngati wina m'banja mwanu wakhala ndi khansa ya pakhungu (mwina pangakhale cholowa chokhudzana ndi chibadwa).
• Anthu omwe ali ndi khungu loyera amapsa mosavuta ndi dzuwa . Ngakhale khungu lathu litakhala lakuda, pali chiopsezo chopsa ndi dzuwa.
• Anthu omwe amakhala nthawi yayitali padzuwa , makamaka omwe amakhala nthawi yambiri padzuwa popanda chitetezo.

Kodi izi ndizofala bwanji?

Nodular melanoma ndi mtundu wachiwiri wofala kwambiri wa melanoma . Umakhala ndi 15% mpaka 20% ya melanoma yonse yomwe yapezeka. Amanenedwanso kuti ndi womwe umayambitsa pafupifupi 50% ya imfa zokhudzana ndi melanoma. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kwambiri kudziwa izi.

Kodi melanoma ya nodular imakhudza bwanji thupi?

Khansa iyi imatha kufalikira kulikonse m'thupi, koma nthawi zambiri imapezeka m'malo omwe ali ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa . Izi ndi izi:

• Manja
• Mutu (dera la mutu)
• Miyendo
• Chigoba

Ma melanoma a nodular nthawi zambiri amakhala akuluakulu kuposa ma mollus ena omwe ali pakhungu lanu. Nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mainchesi oposa 1 (pafupifupi kutalika kwa chogwirizira), ndipo amakhala ndi kutalika kwa mamilimita oposa 6 (pafupifupi kutalika kwa mapepala 60).

Kodi zizindikiro zake ndi ziti?

Ndikofunikira kuzindikira zizindikiro za khansa iyi, chifukwa ikadziwika msanga, chithandizo chimayenda bwino.

• Pamwamba pa khungu pakhoza kuoneka ngati chotupa chokhuthala, chokwezeka, komanso chozungulira .
• Mtundu wake ukhoza kusiyana . Ungakhale wofiira, pinki, bulauni, wakuda, buluu-wakuda. Nthawi zina ukhoza kukhala mtundu wofanana ndi khungu lanu.
• Kapangidwe ka pamwamba kakhoza kusiyana . Kakhoza kukhala kosalala, kolimba, kapena kolimba ngati kolifulawa.
• Pakhoza kukhala kutuluka magazi . Kungakhale kutuluka magazi chabe, kapena kungatuluke magazi mukakanda.
• Pakhoza kukhala kuyabwa .
• Mungamve kutentha kapena kupweteka .

Chofunika: Ngati mwaona chotupa chatsopano, banga, kapena kusintha pakhungu lanu, musataye nthawi ndipo pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo .

Kodi izi zingawoneke ngati chithuza cha magazi?

Inde, nthawi zina nodular melanoma imatha kuoneka ngati blister yamagazi . Blister yamagazi imapangidwa khungu likamakanidwa mwamphamvu. Blister imapangidwa magazi akamasonkhana kuchokera m'mitsempha yamagazi yosweka. Ikhoza kukhala yabulauni, yofiira, kapena yakuda. Chifukwa chake, ngati muli ndi "blister yamagazi" yatsopano yomwe sichira msanga, samalani nayonso.

Kodi Nodular Melanoma Imatulutsa Magazi?

Inde, ngati mukanda mfundo iyi, kuifinya, kapena kuigwira pang'onopang'ono, imatha kutuluka magazi. Nthawi zina , ngakhale simuchita chilichonse, imatha kutuluka magazi .

Kodi mfundo zimenezi ndi zolimba kapena zomasuka?

Khansa ya melanoma nthawi zambiri imakhala yolimba komanso yokhuthala ikakhudzidwa.

Kodi zifukwa zake ndi ziti?

Chinthu chachikulu chomwe chimayambitsa khansa ya nodular ndi kukhudzana kwambiri ndi kuwala kwa ultraviolet (UV) . Makamaka, kutentha ndi dzuwa ndiko koopsa kwambiri.

Khungu lathu lili ndi mtundu wa selo lotchedwa melanocytes . Maselo amenewa amapanga utoto wotchedwa melanin . Ndi melanin iyi yomwe imapatsa khungu lathu mtundu wake. Chifukwa chake, tikakumana ndi kuwala kwa UV kuchokera ku dzuwa kapena malo osungira utoto, DNA ya melanocytes iyi imatha kuwonongeka ndikusinthidwa. Kenako maselo awa amakula ndikugawikana mosalamulirika, ndikuyamba kulowa m'minofu yozungulira (malignancy) . Pamenepo ndi pomwe khansa imayamba.

Kodi izi ndi zopatsirana?

Ayi, nodular melanoma si matenda opatsirana . Simungawatenge kuchokera kwa wina, komanso simungawafalitse kwa wina.

Kodi mumazindikira bwanji izi?

Mukapita kwa dokotala yemwe ali ndi chotupa chachilendo pakhungu lanu, chinthu choyamba chomwe angachite ndikuyang'ana chotupacho mosamala. Iyenso adzakhudza khungu lozungulira chotupacho ndi ma lymph nodes anu. Kenako, angakufunseni mafunso angapo.

• "Kodi munayamba liti kuona mfundo iyi?"
• "Kodi izi zakula kapena ndi zomwezi?"
• "Kodi zimandipweteka ndikakhudza izi?"
• "Kodi izi zasintha mtundu?"
• "Kodi izi zikuyabwa, kodi zikupweteka?"
• "Kodi uku kutuluka magazi?"
• "Kodi munakhalapo ndi khansa ya pakhungu kale?"
• "Kodi pali aliyense m'banja mwanu amene ali ndi khansa ya pakhungu?"

Mayankho anu ku mafunso awa athandiza dokotala kudziwa bwino matendawa.

Ndi mayeso ati omwe akuchitidwa?

Pambuyo pofufuza thupi, ngati dokotala akukayikira kuti mwina ndi melanoma ya nodular, nthawi zambiri amasankha kuchita biopsy . Biopsy imaphatikizapo kuchotsa chidutswa chaching'ono cha chotupacho, kapena chotupa chonsecho, pansi pa zovuta za dzanzi komanso zopanda ululu, ndikuchitumiza ku labotale kuti akaone maselo a khansa . Zotsatira zake zimatha kutenga masiku awiri mpaka khumi kuti zibwererenso.

Kodi imachiritsidwa bwanji?

Chithandizo cha nodular melanoma chimadalira gawo la khansa komanso thanzi lanu lonse . Cholinga chachikulu ndikuchiritsa khansa. Madokotala amayesetsanso kupewa khansa kuti isabwererenso komanso kuti khungu lanu lizioneka bwino momwe mungathere.

Chithandizo cha melanoma yoyambirira ya nodular

Poyamba, pamene khansayo sinafalikire, chithandizo chachikulu ndi kuchotsa chotupacho ndi opaleshoni . Mutha kuchita izi muli maso, pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala oletsa ululu am'deralo okha. Kapena, nthawi zina, mungapatsidwe mankhwala oletsa ululu kuti muchite opaleshoniyo. Dokotala wa khungu kapena dokotala wa opaleshoni adzagwiritsa ntchito mpeni wakuthwa (scalpel) kuchotsa chotupacho ndi khungu laling'ono labwino lozungulira.

Chithandizo cha melanoma yofalikira

Khansa ikafalikira (kumapeto kwa nthawi), kuwonjezera pa kuchotsa chotupacho opaleshoni, njira imodzi kapena zingapo zochiritsira zingaphatikizidwe.

• Kuchotsa ma lymphadenectomy: Ngati khansa yafalikira ku ma lymph nodes apafupi, opaleshoni ikhoza kuchitidwa kuti ichotse ma lymph nodes amenewo. Izi zitha kuletsa khansa kuti isafalikire kwambiri.
• Opaleshoni pa ziwalo zamkati: Ngati khansa yafalikira ku chiwalo chamkati, gawo lokhudzidwa la chiwalocho likhoza kuchotsedwa opaleshoni.
• Chithandizo cha Immunotherapy: Izi zimagwira ntchito polimbikitsa chitetezo cha mthupi la thupi lanu kuti lipange maselo ambiri omwe amalimbana ndi maselo a khansa.
• Chithandizo cha khansa cholunjika: Mu izi, mankhwala enaake amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuukira maselo a khansa okha. Izi zimapangitsa kuti maselo athanzi asawonongeke kwambiri.
• Chemotherapy: Mu izi, mankhwala amaperekedwa omwe amapha maselo a khansa ndikuletsa kuchulukana.

Kodi zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti munthu achire pambuyo pa chithandizo?

Izi zidzasiyana malinga ndi chithandizo chomwe mumalandira.

• Pambuyo pa opaleshoni , zingatenge pafupifupi sabata imodzi kapena zitatu kuti khungu lichiritse.
• Pambuyo pa mankhwala a chemotherapy ndi chithandizo cha khansa , zotsatirapo zambiri zimatha chithandizo chikatha.

Kodi mungachepetse bwanji chiopsezo?

Ngakhale kuti kukula kwa melanoma ya nodular sikungatheke konse, pali zinthu zomwe tingachite kuti tichepetse chiopsezochi.

• Pewani dzuwa loopsa ndipo funani mthunzi . Kuwala kwa dzuwa kumakhala kwakukulu pakati pa 10 koloko m'mawa ndi 4 koloko madzulo.
• Musagwiritse ntchito malo opaka utoto . M'malo mwake, gwiritsani ntchito chinthu chonga chopopera utoto.
• Valani zipewa zazikulu, magalasi a dzuwa, zovala zazitali, ndi mathalauza aatali nthawi iliyonse yomwe mungathe.
• Gwiritsani ntchito mafuta oteteza khungu omwe ali ndi mphamvu zambiri komanso SPF (Skin Protection Factor) ya 30 kapena kuposerapo . Pakaninso nthawi zambiri ngati mukutuluka thukuta kapena kusambira.
• Mukagwiritsa ntchito mafuta odzola pamilomo, sankhani omwe ali ndi mafuta oteteza ku dzuwa.
• Samalani khungu lanu . Ngati muwona mawanga atsopano, matuza, kapena kusintha pamalo omwe alipo, pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani ngati muli ndi melanoma ya nodular?

Kuzindikira msanga n'kofunika kwambiri pa khansa ya nodular. Ngati yapezeka msanga, ndiye kuti zizindikiro zanu zimakhala zabwino kwambiri.

Komabe, melanoma ya nodular ikhoza kukhala yoopsa ngati itapezeka mochedwa chifukwa imakula msanga . Chifukwa chake, ikapezeka ndikuchotsedwa mwachangu, mwayi wanu wochira kwathunthu umakhala wabwino .

Kodi kuchuluka kwa kupulumuka kuli bwanji?

Ichi ndi chiwerengero cha anthu omwe akadali ndi moyo zaka zisanu atapezeka ndi kulandira chithandizo cha nodular melanoma.

• Magawo 0, I ndi II: 98.4%
• Gawo Lachitatu: 63.6%
• Gawo Lachinayi: 22.5%

Mukayang'ana ziwerengerozi, mutha kuwona kufunika kopeza mwachangu, eti?

Kodi ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zilizonse zomwe zili pansipa, pitani kwa dokotala.

• Kuoneka kwa chotupa chatsopano, cholimba pakhungu.
• Kusintha kwa kukula, mtundu, kapena mawonekedwe a mole kapena banga lomwe lilipo.
• Kuyabwa kapena kutuluka magazi kuchokera ku chotupa.
• Ngati munakhalapo ndi khansa ya pakhungu kale .
• Ngati wina m'banja mwanu ali ndi khansa ya pakhungu .
• Ngati muli ndi mbiri yoti muli ndi dzuwa kwambiri .

Ndi mafunso ati omwe muyenera kufunsa dokotala?

Mukapita kwa dokotala wanu, ndikofunikira kwambiri kufunsa mafunso ngati awa kuti mumvetse bwino za matenda anu.

• "Mungadziwe bwanji ngati ndili ndi melanoma ya nodular?"
• "Ndili ndi gawo liti la Nodular Melanoma?"
• "Kodi melanoma iyi ya nodular ndi yaikulu bwanji?"
• "Kodi izi zalowa bwanji m'thupi langa?"
• "Kodi khansa iyi yafalikira ku ziwalo zina za thupi langa?"
• "Ndi mankhwala ati omwe mumalimbikitsa?"
• "Kodi zotsatira zake zonse za mankhwala aliwonse ndi ziti?"
• "Kodi pali mwayi wotani woti nodular melanoma iyi ibwererenso?"
• "Ndingachepetse bwanji chiopsezo changa chokhalanso ndi nodular melanoma mtsogolo?"

Kodi melanoma ya nodular ingachotsedwe poikanda?

Ichi si chinthu chabwino kuchita.Anthu ena angaganize kuti, "O, ndi kachilonda kakang'ono chabe, ingokanda." Koma kuchita zimenezi sikuchiritsa khansa iyi. Ndipotu, khansayo ingafalikire kwambiri . Komanso, kukanda kungayambitse kuvulala ndi matenda . Chifukwa chake, musachite zimenezo. Chofunika kwambiri ndikuonana ndi dokotala ndikupeza chithandizo choyenera.

Pomaliza, zinthu zoti muzikumbukira

Ndizachibadwa kuchita mantha komanso kukhumudwa mukapezeka ndi nodular melanoma. Komabe, ndikofunikira kusamalira khungu lanu. Izi ndizofunikira makamaka ngati muli ndi khungu loyera kapena mumakhala ndi dzuwa lambiri.

Ngati muwona kusintha kulikonse kwatsopano, ziphuphu zachilendo, kapena mawanga pakhungu lanu, musataye nthawi ndipo pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo . Iye angakuuzeni chithandizo chomwe mukufuna komanso zomwe muyenera kuyembekezera. Izi zitha kuchepetsa kwambiri mantha ndi nkhawa zanu. Kumbukirani, kuzindikira msanga ndiyo njira yabwino kwambiri yopulumutsira moyo!

Khansa ya pakhungu , melanoma, melanoma ya nodular, ziphuphu za pakhungu, kuwala kwa dzuwa, kuwala kwa UV, zizindikiro za khansa, chithandizo cha khansa ya pakhungu