Kodi munayamba mwaonapo chotupa chaching'ono pakhosi kapena m'khwapa mwanu? Nthawi zambiri, izi zimakhala zachilendo, koma nthawi zina zimatha kukhala chizindikiro cha matenda monga lymphoma. Lero tikulankhula za mtundu umodzi wa khansa, Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma. Musachite mantha mukamva dzina ili. Tiyeni timvetse zonse zokhudza izi mosavuta komanso momveka bwino.
Mwachidule, kodi non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) ndi chiyani?
Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) ndi gulu la khansa ya m'magazi yomwe imayamba m'thupi lathu. Tsopano mwina mukudabwa kuti dongosolo la lymphatic ndi chiyani. Ndi gawo lalikulu la chitetezo chamthupi chathu. Monga gulu lankhondo la dziko lathu, dongosololi limatiteteza polimbana ndi majeremusi omwe amayambitsa matenda.
Pali maselo apadera ofanana ndi asilikali mu dongosolo la lymphatic. Timawatcha ma lymphocyte . Awa ndi mtundu wa maselo oyera amagazi. Pakasintha majini a maselo a lymphocyte awa, kutanthauza kusintha kwa majini, maselo amenewo amayamba kugawikana ndikuchulukana mosalamulirika. Imeneyo ndi khansa yomwe imayamba motere, timayitcha kuti non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
Maselo osazolowereka amenewa nthawi zambiri amasonkhana m'maselo athu a lymphatic ndikupanga zotupa . Amathanso kufalikira ku ziwalo zina za lymphatic system, monga ndulu yathu.
Koma kumbukirani izi: Ndi mankhwala apamwamba a masiku ano, anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la lymphoma losakhala la Hodgkin akukhala ndi moyo wautali kuposa kale lonse. Nthawi zina chithandizo chimatha kuchiritsa matendawa kwathunthu . Nthawi zina, cholinga cha chithandizo ndi kusunga matendawa kwa nthawi yayitali momwe angathere, popanda zizindikiro.
Kodi pali mitundu ya NHL iyi?
Inde, pali mitundu yoposa 70 ya matendawa, koma makamaka imagawidwa malinga ndi mtundu wa selo la lymphocyte lomwe lakhudzidwa.
- Maselo a B-cell lymphoma: Izi zimachokera ku mtundu wa maselo otchedwa maselo a B. Maselo a B awa ndi omwe amapanga ma antibodies kuti amenyane ndi majeremusi akalowa m'thupi lathu. Pafupifupi 85% ya odwala a NHL ali m'gululi.
- T-cell lymphoma: Izi zimachokera ku mtundu wa lymphocyte wotchedwa T cells. T cells izi zimalimbana ndi majeremusi mwachindunji komanso zimathandiza maselo a B.
Kuphatikiza apo, madokotala amagawanso mitundu iyi ya lymphoma malinga ndi momwe imafalikira mwachangu.
- Waukali: Mtundu uwu ukhoza kufalikira mofulumira m'thupi lonse, kotero umafunika chithandizo champhamvu.
- Wosagwira ntchito: Mtundu uwu umafalikira pang'onopang'ono kwambiri . Nthawi zina, chithandizo sichifunika kumayambiriro.
Kodi zizindikiro za matendawa ndi ziti?
Chizindikiro chofala kwambiri cha matendawa ndi kutupa kapena chotupa chopanda ululu pakhosi, m'khwapa, kapena m'mimba. Izi zimatchedwa kutupa kwa ma lymph nodes. Koma kumbukirani, khansa si yokhayo yomwe imayambitsa kutupa kwa ma lymph nodes. Izi zitha kuchitika ngakhale ndi chimfine kapena chimfine.
Kupatula apo, zizindikiro zimatha kusiyana kutengera komwe maselo a khansa ali. Tiyeni tiwone bwino zomwe zili mu tebulo ili m'munsimu.
| Gulu la zizindikiro | Kufotokozera |
|---|---|
| Makhalidwe Abwino |
|
| Zizindikiro zokhudzana ndi chifuwa | |
| Zizindikiro zokhudzana ndi m'mimba |
Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti zizindikirozi zitha kuwonekanso m'matenda ena ambiri. Choncho musaope kuganiza kuti muli ndi lymphoma chifukwa chakuti muli ndi chimodzi kapena zingapo mwa izi. Koma ngati zizindikirozi zikupitirira kwa milungu ingapo, ndi bwino kupita kwa dokotala ndikupita kuchipatala.
Kodi zizindikiro za B ndi ziti?
Akamapeza matenda a lymphoma, madokotala amafufuza zizindikiro zitatu zomwe zimatchedwa "zizindikiro za B." Izi ndi izi:
1. Malungo opanda chifukwa
2. Kutuluka thukuta kwambiri usiku
3. Kuchepetsa thupi popanda chifukwa
Kaya zizindikirozi zilipo kapena ayi zingathandize kuzindikira mtundu wa lymphoma yomwe muli nayo ndikupeza chithandizo chabwino kwambiri.
Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zingachititse kuti matendawa ayambe?
Choyambitsa chenicheni cha non-Hodgkin lymphoma sichinapezekebe. Komabe, pali zinthu zingapo zomwe zapezeka zomwe zimawonjezera mwayi, kapena chiopsezo, chotenga matendawa.
| Choopsa | Kufotokozera |
|---|---|
| Zaka | Anthu azaka zopitilira 60 ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu. Chiwopsezocho chimawonjezeka pamene mukukula. |
| Chitetezo chamthupi chofooka | Kufooka kwa chitetezo chamthupi chifukwa cha matenda monga kachilombo ka HIV . Anthu omwe amamwa mankhwala oletsa chitetezo chamthupi atangoikidwa chiwalo chodwala nawonso ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu. |
| Matenda a autoimmune | Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda monga nyamakazi ndi psoriasis akhoza kukhala pachiwopsezo chowonjezeka pang'ono. |
| Matenda ena | Matenda monga H. pylori, kachilombo ka Epstein-Barr, ndi Hepatitis C angapangitse kuti munthu adwale matenda a NHL. |
| Mbiri ya banja | Ngati makolo anu, abale anu, kapena ana anu adadwala khansa ya lymphoma kapena khansa ina ya m'magazi, mulinso pachiwopsezo chachikulu. |
| Kukhudzidwa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo | Kafukufuku wina wasonyeza kuti anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndi mankhwala ophera udzu angakhale pachiwopsezo chowonjezeka pang'ono. |
Kodi mungazindikire bwanji matendawa? (Kuzindikira)
Mukapita kukaonana ndi dokotala, adzatsatira njira zingapo kuti adziwe matenda molondola.
- Kuyezetsa thupi: Choyamba, dokotala adzakufunsani za zizindikiro zanu ndikuwunika thupi lanu ngati muli ndi zizindikiro monga kutupa kwa ma lymph nodes.
- Mayeso a magazi: Mayeso monga kuwerengera magazi kwathunthu (CBC) amapereka chithunzi cha thanzi lanu lonse.
- Mayeso ojambulira: Mayeso monga CT scans, MRI scans, ndi PET scans amatha kuwona maselo a khansa mkati mwa thupi.
- Kufufuza za matenda a lymphoma: Iyi ndiyo njira yokhayo yotsimikizira matendawa 100% nthawi zonse. Izi zimaphatikizapo kutenga kachidutswa kakang'ono ka minofu kuchokera ku lymph node yotupa kapena malo enaake ndikukayang'ana pansi pa maikulosikopu. Iyi ndiyo njira yokhayo yodziwira ngati maselo a lymphoma alipo kapena ayi.
- Kuyesa kwa Immunophenotyping: Iyi ndi njira yapadera yoyesera maselo omwe atengedwa kuchokera ku biopsy kuti athandize kuzindikira mtundu weniweni wa NHL.
Magawo a matendawa
Pambuyo pa mayeso, dokotala adzadziwa siteji ya matenda anu. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri pokonzekera chithandizo.
| Gawo | Kufotokozera |
|---|---|
| Gawo Loyamba | Maselo a khansa amakhala m'dera limodzi la lymph node kapena chiwalo chimodzi mu dongosolo la lymphatic. |
| Gawo Lachiwiri | Pali maselo a khansa m'malo awiri kapena angapo a lymph node mbali imodzi (pamwamba kapena pansi) ya diaphragm. |
| Gawo Lachitatu | Pali maselo a khansa m'ma lymph nodes mbali zonse ziwiri (pamwamba ndi pansi) za diaphragm. |
| Gawo Lachinayi | Khansa yafalikira kunja kwa dongosolo la lymphatic kupita ku chiwalo chimodzi kapena zingapo, monga chiwindi kapena mapapo. |
Kodi mankhwala ake ndi otani?
Chithandizo chomwe mukufuna chimadalira zinthu zambiri, kuphatikizapo mtundu wa NHL womwe muli nawo, gawo la matendawa, komanso thanzi lanu lonse.
- Kuyang'anira odwala: Ngati muli ndi mawonekedwe osagwira ntchito ndipo mulibe zizindikiro, dokotala wanu angasankhe kuyang'anira momwe mukupitira patsogolo popanda chithandizo. Apa, mumayang'aniridwa nthawi zonse ndipo chithandizo chimayamba pokhapokha ngati zizindikiro zayamba.
- Chemotherapy: Iyi ndiyo njira yochizira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Ikuphatikizapo kupereka mankhwala m'thupi omwe amapha maselo a khansa.
- Chithandizo Cholunjika: Mankhwalawa amalimbana ndi kufooka kwina kwa maselo a khansa. Chithandizo cha monoclonal antibody ndi chimodzi mwa mankhwala otere.
- Chithandizo cha Immunotherapy: Izi zimaphatikizapo kulimbikitsa chitetezo cha mthupi lanu kuti chiwononge maselo a khansa. Chithandizo cha maselo a CAR T ndi chimodzi mwa mankhwala apamwamba kwambiri.
- Chithandizo cha radiation: Izi zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito ma radiation amphamvu kwambiri (monga ma X-ray) kuti awononge maselo a khansa.
- Kuika maselo oyambira: Izi zimachitika nthawi zambiri ngati njira zina zothandizira sizinagwire ntchito. Izi zimaphatikizapo kupereka mankhwala amphamvu kwambiri kuti aphe maselo a khansa, kenako kubaya maselo oyambira athanzi m'thupi.
Musanayambe kulandira chithandizo, kambiranani ndi dokotala wanu za zotsatirapo zake. Zotsatirapo zambiri zimakhala zakanthawi kochepa ndipo zimatha chithandizo chikatha.
Kodi mungakhale bwanji ndi matendawa?
Mukakhala ndi NHL, pali zinthu zingapo zomwe mungachite kuti mudzisamalire.
- Idyani chakudya chopatsa thanzi. Chakudya ndi chopatsa mphamvu. Kudya bwino kungathandize kuti thupi lanu likhale ndi mphamvu.
- Pumulani mokwanira momwe mungathere. Chithandizo chingakupangitseni kumva kutopa. Kupuma kumathandiza thupi lanu kupezanso mphamvu zake.
- Lamulirani kupsinjika maganizo.Kukhala ndi khansa sikophweka. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu, banja lanu, kapena mnzanu wodalirika za mantha ndi kukayikira kwanu.
- Kuchita Maseŵera Olimbitsa Thupi. Funsani dokotala wanu kuti akupatseni njira yochepetsera thupi yomwe ili yoyenera kwa inu.
- Dziwani zambiri zokhudza chisamaliro chochepetsa ululu. Izi zikuthandizani kuchepetsa ululu, kusasangalala, komanso kupsinjika maganizo kwa wodwalayo, mosasamala kanthu za msinkhu wa matendawa.
Ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?
Ngati mukumwa mankhwala ndipo zizindikiro zanu zikuipiraipira kapena zizindikiro zatsopano zikuwonekera , dziwitsani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo. Mukamaliza kulandira chithandizo, onetsetsani kuti mwapita kukaonana ndi dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo.
Kodi muyenera kupita ku Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) liti?
Ngati mukupeza zizindikiro zoopsa, mwachitsanzo, kuvutika kupuma kapena kutuluka magazi ambiri, pitani ku Dipatimenti Yodzidzimutsa ya chipatala chapafupi (ETU) nthawi yomweyo.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Musanyalanyaze zotupa zopanda ululu pakhosi, m'khwapa, kapena m'mimba. Pitani kwa dokotala chifukwa zikhoza kukhala chizindikiro cha lymphoma.
- Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) si matenda amodzi okha, koma ndi gulu la khansa zomwe zili ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Chithandizo chimadalira mtundu womwe muli nawo.
- Mankhwala apamwamba a masiku ano (monga chemotherapy ndi immunotherapy) amatha kuletsa matendawa komanso kuchiritsa mitundu ina yonse.
- Kambiranani momasuka ndi dokotala wanu za mafunso, mantha, kapena kukayikira kulikonse komwe muli nako pankhani ya matendawa. Musavutike nokha.
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