Kodi simukukondwera ndi chithandizo chomwe mumalandira kuchipatala? Ndiye tiyeni tidziwe kuti "Ombudsman" uyu ndi ndani!

Tangoganizani kuti inuyo kapena munthu amene mumamudziwa ali kuchipatala... Mumachita chiyani ngati muli ndi vuto kapena simukusangalala ndi chithandizo chomwe mumalandira kapena momwe ogwira ntchito amakuchitirani? Nthawi zina simudziwa kuti ndani woti mumuuze kapena choti muchite, eti? Nthawi ngati izi, "Ombudsman" ndi munthu amene angakuthandizeni ndikumvetsera mawu anu. Lero, tiyeni tikambirane za munthu wofunika kwambiri uyu.

Kodi "Ombudsman" ndi ndani? Kodi mawu awa amatanthauza chiyani?

Choyamba, mawu oti "Ombudsman" kwenikweni amachokera ku chilankhulo cha Chiswidishi. Amangotanthauza 'woyimira' kapena 'munthu amene amaima patsogolo pa ena'. Tangoganizirani, kalekale, cha m'ma 1800, ku Sweden, munthu wapadera anasankhidwa kuti afufuze ndikulowererapo pa madandaulo ochokera kwa anthu motsutsana ndi akuluakulu aboma apamwamba. Ndicho chifukwa chake dzina lakuti "Ombudsman" linayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa iye.

Koma tsopano, tanthauzo la mawu oti "Ombudsman" ndi udindo wake zakula kwambiri. Tsopano, sikuti ndi za akuluakulu aboma okha, koma mabungwe ambiri monga zipatala, mabizinesi akuluakulu, mabanki, ndi mayunivesite amagwiritsa ntchito "Ombudsman" kufufuza ndi kulowererapo pa madandaulo, mavuto, ndi kusalungama kwa makasitomala awo kapena antchito awo. Kaya ali kuti, zomwe anthuwa amachita ndikufufuza madandaulo paokha ndikuyesera kuthetsa vutoli.

M'malo ena, anthu awa amatchedwa "Ombuds" kapena "Ombudsman". Koma kaya dzina lawo ndi lotani, ntchito zomwe amapereka zimakhala zofanana kwambiri.

Ndiye, kodi kwenikweni "Ombudsman" wa chipatala amachita chiyani?

Mwachidule, "Ombudsman" wa chipatalachi ndi munthu amene amakuthandizani kuthetsa mavuto osiyanasiyana, mavuto, ndi madandaulo omwe amabuka mukalandira chithandizo kuchipatala kapena mukalandira chithandizo kuchokera kuchipatala. Zingakhale zolondola kwambiri kunena kuti ndi munthu amene amamvera mawu anu ndikukutetezani . Amagwira ntchito ngati mkhalapakati pakati panu ndi oyang'anira chipatala kapena dipatimenti yoyenera.

Tangoganizirani, mukumva kuti simunadziwitsidwe bwino, kapena muli ndi vuto ndi mtundu wa chithandizo chomwe munalandira. Mwina dokotala, namwino, kapena wogwira ntchito wina anakulankhulani mwanjira yomwe simunasangalale nayo. Mukumva kuti simunaganiziridwe. Mu mkhalidwe wotere, "Ombudsman" uyu angakuthandizeni. Iye adzamvetsera mbali yanu ya nkhaniyi, ndipo ngati kuli kofunikira, funsani anthu ena kuchipatala kuti akuuzeni zambiri, ndikukuthandizani kupeza yankho la vutoli.

Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zomwe tingalandire thandizo kuchokera kwa "Ombudsman"?

Onani ngati zinthu izi zakuchitikirani, kapena ngati mukuganiza kuti zingachitike:

• Mavuto pakulankhulana:Izi zimachitika kawirikawiri. Mwachitsanzo, ngati njira imene munalankhulidwira, kapena imene simunalankhulire, inakhudza chisamaliro chanu kapena zomwe munakumana nazo. Mwina sizinafotokozedwe m'chinenero chimene mumamva.
• Kuvuta kupeza chidziwitso: Ngati simulandira chidziwitso chofunikira chokhudza matenda anu, chithandizo, ndi mankhwala.
• Ubwino wa chithandizo: Ngati muli ndi kukayikira kapena zofooka pa ntchito yomwe mwalandira. Ngati mukuganiza kuti, "Izi zikanatheka bwino, sichoncho?"
• Kumva ngati uli otetezeka: Momwe umamvera uli otetezeka pamene ukulandira chithandizo. Mwina umamva ngati chilengedwe sichili choyera.
• Nthawi yoyankhira ndi kuchedwa: Ngati panali kuchedwa kosafunikira polandira chithandizo kapena kulandira yankho. Ngati munayenera kudikira pamzere kwa nthawi yayitali kuti mupeze mankhwala, kapena ngati munayenera kudikira nthawi yayitali kuti mukaone dokotala.
• Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mankhwala Kapena Kuchepetsa Ululu: Ngati muli ndi mafunso okhudza izi. Ngati mukuona kuti simukupeza mpumulo wokwanira ku ululu wanu.
• Kuvuta kupeza nthawi yokumana ndi anthu kapena mautumiki ena.
• Muli ndi madandaulo, kupanda chilungamo, kapena china chake chomwe muyenera kufotokoza chokhudza chilichonse chokhudzana ndi chisamaliro chanu.

Mukudziwa, chisamaliro chaumoyo nthawi zambiri chimakhala chotanganidwa kwambiri komanso chovuta. Ngakhale aliyense amayesetsa momwe angathere, nthawi zina zinthu zimatha kulephera zomwe mumayembekezera kuchokera kwa madokotala kapena ogwira ntchito, ndipo zolakwika zimatha kuchitika. Chofunika ndikudziwa kuti pali njira zokuthandizirani ndikulankhulira nokha nthawi ngati izi. Mawu anu sayenera kukhala odekha.

N’chifukwa chiyani tiyenera kupeza "Ombudsman" m’malo molankhula ndi dokotala mwachindunji?

Funso ili ndi labwino. Nthawi zina, mutha kuthetsa vutoli mwa kulankhula mwachindunji ndi madokotala kapena antchito omwe ali ndi vutoli. Ndicho chinthu chabwino kuchita. Mwachitsanzo, tangoganizani kuti mwatuluka kuchipatala, koma simukudziwa momwe mungasamalire bala kapena kumwa mankhwala anu mukapita kunyumba. Kenako mutha kuyimbira foni ku ofesi ya dokotala kapena namwino yemwe ali m'chipinda chogona ndikufunsani kuti akuthandizeni kumvetsetsa. Mwina zimenezo zithetsa vutoli.

Komabe, ngati mukuona kuti simukupeza mayankho omwe mukufuna, kapena ngati mukuona kuti zinthu sizikusintha ngakhale mutalankhula, sitepe yotsatira ndikulankhula ndi "Ombudsman."

Nthawi zina, mungavutike kulankhula mwachindunji ndi munthu amene akukhudzidwa ndi nkhaniyi, kapena simungagwirizane nayo. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mukuona kuti wina akukuchitirani mosiyana kapena mopanda ulemu chifukwa cha mtundu wanu, chipembedzo chanu, jenda, zaka zanu, ndi zina zotero, mungafune kuchoka msanga, m'malo mokangana ndi munthuyo. Pazochitika zotere, mutha kulankhula ndi Ombudsman kuti mukambirane nkhaniyi ndikusankha choti muchite kenako. Iye adzakuthandizani ndi chinsinsi.

Kodi ndingapeze bwanji "Ombudsman" kuchipatala?

Mukapita kuchipatala, mwina mudzalandira kabuku kokhala ndi chidziwitso chokhudza "Ombudsman" wa chipatalacho. Kapena, akhoza kulembedwa pa bolodi lazidziwitso la chipatalacho. Koma nthawi zina sangatchulidwe kuti "Ombudsman". Angatchulidwe kuti "woyang'anira zochitika za odwala", "woyimira odwala" kapena "woyimira odwala". Komabe, ayenera kukhala ndi nambala ya foni komwe mungawaimbire foni, adilesi komwe mungawalembere kalata, kapena adilesi ya imelo. Akhozanso kukhala ndi ofesi komwe mungawachezere mwachindunji.

Ngati simulandira kalata yotereyi, kapena ngati simungathe kupeza mkuluyu, musadandaule. Imbani nambala yayikulu ya foni ya chipatalacho ndipo funsani, kapena funsani wolandila alendo. Adzakutsogolerani ku ofesi ya "Ombudsman" kapena mkulu wina wofanana naye.

Kodi "Ombudsman" angathandize bwanji kuthetsa vuto lanu?

"Ombudsman" wa chipatala amagwira ntchito ngati munthu wachitatu wopanda tsankho komanso wosalowerera ndale . Izi zikutanthauza kuti sakondera chipatala kapena inu. Cholinga chake ndikupeza yankho lolungama pa vutoli. Alipo kuti athetse mavuto anu azachipatala. Nthawi zambiri, mutha kuyembekezera yankho kapena kuthetsa vuto lanu mkati mwa sabata imodzi kapena ziwiri. Izi ndi zomwe amachita nthawi zambiri:

• Choyamba, adzakulankhulani ndikumvetsera mosamala nkhawa zanu ndi vuto lanu. Adzayesetsa momwe angathere kuti amvetse momwe zinthu zilili malinga ndi momwe mukuonera. Uwu ndi mwayi wabwino woti akuuzeni zonse zomwe zili m'maganizo mwanu.
• Kenako, adzakupemphani chilolezo kuti afufuze zambiri za chochitikacho. Sangathe kuwona zolemba zanu zachipatala kapena kufunsa ena tsatanetsatane popanda chilolezo chanu.
• Lumikizanani ndi anthu ena omwe akukhudzidwa ndi chisamaliro chanu (monga madokotala, anamwino, ndi antchito ena) kuti mudziwe zambiri.
• Ngati kuli kofunikira, zolemba zanu zachipatala ndi zikalata zinaNdidzayang'ana ndikuwona.
• Kenako, adzakufotokozerani zomwe wapeza ndikukambirana nanu za njira zothetsera mavuto. Nthawi zina, adzakuthandizani kuthetsa vutoli yekha, mwinanso kukonza zokambirana (zokambirana) pakati pa inu ndi gulu lomwe likukhudzidwa.
• Pomaliza, zonse zomwe zachitika, madandaulo, zomwe zachitika, ndi njira yothetsera vutoli zalembedwa. Izi zimathandiza oyang'anira chipatala kuonetsetsa kuti mavuto ofanana sadzachitikanso mtsogolomu ndikupeza madera omwe angawongolere ntchito zina.

Chofunika kwambiri, "Ombudsman" amatsatira njira imeneyi kwa aliyense amene amabwera kwa iye ndi vuto. Amakuchitirani ulemu ndi chinsinsi.

Ndipo, ntchito yawo si yongogwira ntchito mwachindunji ndi anthu okha. Alinso ndi udindo wokonzekera malipoti oti aperekedwe kwa oyang'anira chipatala. Koma malipoti amenewo sakuphatikizapo dzina lanu kapena zina zomwe zingakudziwitseni. M'malo mwake, amapereka chidule cha mitundu ya madandaulo omwe anthu akupereka komanso mbali zina za chisamaliro zomwe sakukondwera nazo.

Zonsezi zimathandiza ogwira ntchito akuluakulu a chipatalachi kukonza mautumiki kwa aliyense. Izi zikutanthauza kuti polankhula za vuto lanu, sikuti mukudziyimira nokha, komanso mukuthandiza ena ndi omwe adzalandire mautumiki mtsogolo!

Kodi ndi chidziwitso chotani chomwe tiyenera kupereka tikamalankhula ndi "Ombudsman"?

Mukhoza kupereka tsatanetsatane wonse momwe mukumvera . Ngati simukumasuka kunena china chake, muli ndi ufulu wosachinena. Komabe, mukapereka tsatanetsatane wambiri, zimakhala zosavuta kuti "Ombudsman" amvetse vutolo ndikuthandizira kuthetsa vutoli.

Kumbukirani, musaope kuti chinachake choipa chingakuchitikireni (monga kusankhana, kuchedwa kosayenera posamalira ana) chifukwa cholankhula za vuto lanu. Muli ndi ufulu wolankhula za vutolo ndikudandaula.

Mukakumana ndi "Ombudsman", zidzakhala zothandiza kukhala ndi chidziwitso chonga ichi:

• Tsiku (masiku) ndi nthawi (masiku) ya chochitikacho (molondola momwe zingathere).
• Mayina a omwe akukhudzidwa (ngati mukukumbukira, pamodzi ndi maudindo awo).
• Kodi n’chiyani kwenikweni chinachitika ? Yesani kufotokoza momveka bwino, motsatira ndondomeko yomwe chinachitikira. Zingakhale bwino kwambiri ngati mungathe kulemba ndikupita nacho.
• Ngati simunali amene mukulandira chithandizocho, dzina ndi tsiku lobadwa la munthu amene akulandira chithandizocho, ndi zomwe mukunena zidzachitika kwa iye.
• Mukuganiza kuti chingachitike n’chiyani ngati nkhaniyi itathetsedwa ? (monga, ngati kupepesa kwalandiridwa, kufotokozedwa kwaperekedwa, njira yasinthidwa, kapena kulipidwa kukuyembekezeka.)

Mukhozanso kugawana zinthu zabwino zomwe zidakuchitikirani .Uzani "Ombudsman." Ganizirani za dokotala kapena wantchito amene anakuthandizani kwambiri kapena anachita china chake chomwe chinakupangitsani kuti mumve bwino. Musazengereze kuwauza. Kuwauza zinthu zabwino kumathandiza oyang'anira chipatala kudziwa zomwe zikuyenda bwino, zomwe ziyenera kukonzedwa, komanso kumawathandiza kuzindikira omwe akugwira ntchito yabwino .

Chinthu chimodzi choyenera kukumbukira: Ngati mukulankhula ndi "Ombudsman" m'malo mwa wina, (makamaka m'maiko ena, mwachitsanzo, motsatira lamulo la United States of America) "Ombudsman" akuyenera kulankhula mwachindunji ndi munthu amene walandira chithandizo. Komanso, muyenera kupeza chilolezo cholembedwa kuchokera kwa wodwalayo kuti mufufuze nkhaniyi ndikukambirana nanu za dokotala wa munthuyo. Ku Sri Lanka, ndikofunikiranso kusamalira zachinsinsi za wodwala komanso chinsinsi chake.

Kodi "Ombudsman" wa ntchito zosamalira odwala nthawi yayitali ndi ndani?

Izi ndi zina mwa zinthu zofunika kuzidziwa, koma n’zofunika kuzidziwa. 'Woyang'anira chisamaliro cha nthawi yayitali' ndi munthu amene amateteza ufulu wa anthu omwe akulandira chithandizo m'malo osungira okalamba monga m'nyumba zosungira okalamba, m'nyumba zosungira okalamba, ndi m'malo osungira anthu okalamba. Amathandizanso anthu omwe akulandira chithandizo kunyumba (monga, kuchokera kwa othandizira azaumoyo kunyumba).

M'mayiko ena, monga ku United States, boma lililonse limafunika ndi lamulo kukhala ndi pulogalamu ya "ombudsman" yothana ndi madandaulo ochokera kwa olandira chithandizo cha nthawi yayitali komanso okondedwa awo.

Ngati ndinu wolandira chithandizo cha nthawi yayitali, kapena munthu amene mumamudziwa, nthawi zonse mutha kulankhula ndi "Ombudsman" wanu kapena bungwe lofanana nalo kuti mukambirane za nkhawa zanu. Nazi zina zomwe mungawauze:

• Nkhanza zamtundu uliwonse: zitha kukhala za mawu, zakuthupi, zamaganizo, zachuma, kapena zogonana.
• Kunyalanyaza: Kulephera kusamala za ukhondo wa munthu, kusowa chakudya, zakumwa, ndi mankhwala ofunikira.
• Machitidwe kapena malo osatetezeka .
• Kuphwanya ufulu wa munthu kapena ulemu wake.
• M'maiko ena, nkhani zokhudzana ndi maubwino monga "Medicaid" kapena "Medicare" zimagwirizana ndi mautumiki ena ofanana. (Ngakhale kuti izi sizikupezeka mwachindunji ku Sri Lanka, nkhani zokhudzana ndi machitidwe achitetezo cha anthu m'maiko amenewo zili m'gululi).

"Ombudsman" wanu adzafufuza nkhaniyi ndikufotokozerani njira zomwe muli nazo kuti muthetse vutoli.

Kuwonjezera pa kusamalira madandaulo a munthu payekha, "oweruza milandu" omwe amasamalira odwala nthawi yayitali amachita ntchito zina zambiri. Mwachitsanzo:

• Anthu okhala m'deralo ndi ogwira ntchito aphunzitsidwa za ufulu wa anthu okhala m'deralo.
• Anthu okhala m'deralo amadziwitsidwa za zinthu zomwe akufunikira.
• Kuphunzitsa anthu za njira zosamalira odwala kwa nthawi yayitali komanso momwe angasankhire chithandizo chomwe chingawakomere.

Ku Sri Lanka, ngati pali vuto ndi nyumba zosamalira okalamba kapena malo osamalira okalamba ofanana, pali mabungwe ena aboma (monga National Elderly Secretariat, Divisional Secretariat) oti adandaule ndi kufufuza. Chifukwa chake, ngati kusalungama kukuchitika pamalo otere, madipatimenti oyenerera akhoza kudziwitsidwa za vutoli.

Kodi munthu amakhala bwanji "Ombudsman"?

Palibe njira imodzi yokha yokhalira ombudsman kuchipatala. Anthu ochokera m'mabanja osiyanasiyana amasankha ntchito imeneyi. Ena angakhale ndi luso mu unamwino, ntchito zachitukuko, zamalamulo, kapena uphungu. Simukusowa digiri inayake kuti muchite izi. Koma ngati mungathe kuchita bwino zinthu izi, mukhoza kukhala ombudsman wabwino:

• Ngati ndinu waluso pothetsa mavuto ndikupeza njira zatsopano komanso zothandiza .
• Tikanakhala kuti tinkamvetsera mwachifundo, popanda kuweruza .
• Kutha kulankhulana bwino ndi kukambirana ndi anthu osiyanasiyana (odwala, abale, madokotala, ogwira ntchito) .
• Ngati ndinu woleza mtima, wopanda tsankho, komanso wodalirika .

Mabungwe ena apadziko lonse lapansi, mwachitsanzo International Ombuds Association (IOA), amapereka ziphaso monga Certified Organizational Ombuds Practitioner (CO-OP®). Komabe, izi sizili zokakamiza kulikonse. Chofunika kwambiri ndi kufunitsitsa kuthandiza ena ndi luso lofunikira.

Pomaliza, zinthu zofunika kwambiri zomwe muyenera kukumbukira

Kotero, "Ombudsman" akhoza kulimbitsa mawu anu. Mukatero simuyenera kukhala chete komanso nokha mukakhala ndi vuto kapena kusalungama kuchipatala. Chifukwa chakuti amamvetsetsa zovuta za chisamaliro chaumoyo, amakhala okonzeka kuyankha mavuto omwe mumakumana nawo ndikuthandizira kupeza mayankho.

Zingakhale kuti munanyalanyazidwa, kapena kuti panalibe kumveka bwino za chithandizocho, kapena kuti panali kuchedwa kosafunikira polandira chithandizo. Kaya vuto ndi lotani, nkhani zomwe mumapereka ndizofunikira. Komanso, oyang'anira bwino chipatala nthawi zonse amakhala ndi chidwi chofuna kukonza zomwe mukukumana nazo komanso kukonza mautumiki. Ndemanga zanu ndi zamtengo wapatali kwambiri.

Musazengereze kulankhulana ndi "Ombudsman" wanu kapena mkulu wa boma amene amachita ntchito yotereyi kuti mudziwe njira zomwe muli nazo zothetsera vuto lomwe silinayende monga momwe mukuyembekezerera.Muli ndi ufulu wonse wolandira chisamaliro chabwino kwambiri, kupereka maganizo anu, kupereka madandaulo anu. Simuli nokha, ndipo musaope kupempha thandizo!

Woyimira milandu , Chipatala, Ntchito Zachipatala, Ufulu wa Odwala, Madandaulo, Utumiki Wazaumoyo, Uphungu Wachipatala