Kulephera kwa impso, kapena 'kulephera kwa impso', ndi chinthu chomwe chimawopseza aliyense. Anthu ambiri amaganiza kuti pambuyo pake, adzayenera kupita kuchipatala moyo wawo wonse kuti magazi awo ayeretsedwe. Koma kodi mukudziwa kuti pali njira yapadera yoyeretsera magazi yomwe mungachite kunyumba, pamodzi ndi zochita zanu za tsiku ndi tsiku? Ndicho chimene timachitcha Peritoneal Dialysis. Lero, tikambirana za izi mosavuta, m'njira yomwe mungamvetse.
Mwachidule, kodi Peritoneal Dialysis ndi chiyani?
Ganizirani impso zanu ngati zosefera ziwiri zazikulu. Ntchito yawo yayikulu ndikusefa zinyalala zosafunikira ndi madzi ochulukirapo m'magazi. Timatcha madzi omwe amasefedwa kuti mkodzo. Koma impso zikalephera, fyuluta iyi sigwira ntchito bwino. Kenako zinyalala ndi poizoni zimayamba kusonkhana m'magazi. Timatcha vutoli kuti ``uremia```. Ngati silinalandire chithandizo, izi zitha kukhala zoopsa pamoyo.
Apa ndi pomwe chithandizo cha dialysis chimayamba. Dialysis ya m'mimba ndi mtundu umodzi wa dialysis. Koma chinthu chachilendo kwambiri chimachitika mu ichi. Mu ichi, timagwiritsa ntchito fyuluta yachilengedwe m'thupi lanu kuti titsuke magazi anu. Umenewo ndi nembanemba yopyapyala yomwe imazungulira ziwalo zomwe zili m'mimba mwanu. Mu zamankhwala, timatcha peritoneum.
Asanayambe chithandizochi, dokotala adzachita opaleshoni yaying'ono ndikuyika chubu chofewa kwambiri (catheter) kudzera pakhungu la mimba yanu. Kenako, kudzera mu chubucho, madzi apadera osabala (omwe timawatcha kuti ``dialysate'') amatumizidwa m'mimba mwanu. Madzi awa akamakhala m'mimba mwanu kwa maola angapo, nembanemba ya peritoneal imayamwa zinyalala ndi madzi ochulukirapo ochokera m'magazi kupita m'madzi awa. Kenako, madzi odzaza ndi zinyalala amachotsedwa kudzera mu chubu chomwecho, ndipo madzi atsopano amaikidwanso. Mutha kuchita izi kunyumba, kangapo patsiku, kapena ngakhale mukugona usiku.
Pali njira ziwiri zazikulu zochitira izi.
Kuchotsa magazi m'mimba kumachitika m'njira ziwiri. Mungasankhe njira yomwe ingakuthandizeni kwambiri polankhula ndi dokotala wanu.
| Njira yochizira | Momwe mungachitire ndi mfundo zapadera |
|---|---|
| Kutsegula kwa Peritoneal Kosalekeza (CAPD) (Njira yodzipangira nokha masana) | Palibe makina ogwiritsidwa ntchito pa izi. Muyenera kusintha madziwo nokha pafupifupi katatu kapena kasanu patsiku. Zimatenga mphindi 30-40 nthawi iliyonse. Pamene madziwo ali m'mimba mwanu, muli ndi ufulu wochita ntchito yanu monga mwachizolowezi. |
| Dialysis Yodziyimira Yokha ya Peritoneal (APD) (Njira yogwiritsira ntchito makina usiku wonse) | Izi zimagwiritsa ntchito makina ang'onoang'ono (`automated cycler`). Mukalumikiza ku makina musanagone usiku, makinawo amaika jekeseni yokha ndikutulutsa madziwo nthawi zambiri momwe amafunikira usiku wonse. Chithandizocho chimatha mukadzuka m'mawa. Anthu ambiri amakonda njira iyi chifukwa palibe zosokoneza masana. |
Koma n’chifukwa chiyani njira imeneyi si yotchuka kwambiri?
Ngakhale kuti ili ndi ubwino wambiri, imagwiritsidwa ntchito pang'ono poyerekeza ndi njira yochizira matenda a hemodialysis m'chipatala. Pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe zimapangitsa izi:
- Kusadziwa: Odwala ambiri, ndipo nthawi zina ngakhale ogwira ntchito zachipatala, sadziwa bwino za njira imeneyi.
- Kusowa kwa ogwira ntchito ophunzitsidwa bwino: Pali madokotala ndi anamwino ochepa omwe alandira maphunziro apadera pa chithandizochi.
- Mavuto omwe amabuka pakagwa ngozi: Ngati impso za munthu zalephera kugwira ntchito mwadzidzidzi, si zipatala zonse zomwe zili ndi malo oti zilowetse chubu ichi (catheter). Zikatero, ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito hemodialysis, yomwe ingayambitse mosavuta.
- Kuvuta kupeza munthu woti amuthandize: Anthu ena zimawavuta kuchita izi okha. Munthawi ngati izi, kupeza munthu woti amuthandize kungakhale kovuta.
Kodi ubwino wa njira iyi ndi wotani?
Ubwino waukulu wa izi ndi ufulu ndi kumasuka komwe mumapeza. Simuyenera kungokhalira kuchipatala.
- Kusavuta komanso kusinthasintha: Simuyenera kupita kuchipatala. Mutha kuchita izi pamalo oyera, kaya kunyumba, kuntchito, kapena paulendo.
- Palibe zoletsa zazikulu pa chakudya ndi zakumwa: Pali zoletsa zochepa pa chakudya ndi zakumwa kuposa njira zina zoyeretsera magazi. Chifukwa chakuti zinyalala zimachotsedwa m'thupi pafupifupi tsiku lililonse, kuchuluka kwa zinyalala zomwe zimasonkhana kumakhala kochepa.
- Palibe chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito singano: Pa nthawi yoyezera magazi kuchipatala, singano zimafunika nthawi zonse. Izi ndi mpumulo waukulu kwa munthu amene amaopa singano.
Kodi palibe kuipa ndi zoopsa?
Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi chithandizo chilichonse chamankhwala, pali zoopsa ndi zovuta zake, ndipo ndikofunikira kuzidziwa.
| Chiwopsezo/Kuipa | Mwachidule... |
|---|---|
| Peritonitis | Ichi ndi chiopsezo chofala kwambiri. Majeremusi amatha kulowa mu peritoneum kudzera mu chubu kapena dothi, zomwe zimayambitsa matenda. Ndikofunikira kusamala kwambiri za ukhondo. |
| Hernia | Hernia ikhoza kuchitika chifukwa cha kupanikizika komwe kumachitika madzi akadzaza m'mimba. |
| Kulemera | Popeza madzi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ali ndi shuga (dextrose), ena mwa iwo amatengedwa ndi thupi ndipo angayambitse kunenepa pakapita nthawi. |
| Kulephera kwa chithandizo | Pambuyo pa zaka zambiri za chithandizochi, anthu ena angakumane ndi kuchepa kwa ntchito ya nembanemba ya m'mimba mwawo, zomwe zingafunike kusintha njira ina yoyeretsera magazi. |
| Zofunika kuchita tsiku lililonse | Ichi ndi chinthu chomwe chiyenera kuchitika tsiku ndi tsiku. Chingakhale chotopetsa maganizo kwa ena. |
Pewani zinthu izi.
Ngati mukumwa peritoneal dialysis, dziwani izi:
- Musagwiritse ntchito mankhwala monga mankhwala oletsa kutupa omwe si a steroidal (NSAIDs) omwe amavulaza impso popanda kufunsa dokotala wanu.
- Pewani kusambira m'madzi opanda chlorine monga maiwe, mitsinje, ndi nyanja, ndipo pewani kuviika m'mabafa otentha. Izi zitha kuyambitsa majeremusi. Komabe, palibe vuto kusamba tsiku lililonse.
Kodi muyenera kupita kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo liti?
Ngati mukulandira chithandizochi ndipo mukukumana ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi:Musanyalanyaze zimenezo.
- Kupweteka kwambiri m'mimba kapena kudzimbidwa
- Ngati mukumva ngati muli ndi malungo
- Ngati kugunda kwa mtima kuli mofulumira (tachycardia)
- Kuvuta kupuma (kupuma movutikira)
- Kusanza ndi kusanza
- Ngati madzi omwe mumatulutsa m'mimba mwanu ali ndi mitambo kapena ali ndi mtundu wosiyana ndi wa masiku onse (izi zitha kukhala chizindikiro cha matenda)
- Zizindikiro za kuthamanga kwa magazi (hypotension), monga chizungulire ndi mutu wopepuka
Ngati muwona zizindikiro izi, imbani dokotala wanu kapena chipatala chanu nthawi yomweyo. Kapena pitani ku Dipatimenti Yoona Zadzidzidzi ya Chipatala (ETU) yapafupi.
Pomaliza, inu ndi dokotala wanu muyenera kusankha limodzi ngati Peritoneal Dialysis kapena Hemodialysis ndi yabwino kwa inu. Matenda anu, moyo wanu, ndi zomwe mumakonda ziyenera kuganiziridwa kuti mupange chisankho chabwino.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Kuchotsa impso m'mimba ndi njira yothandiza kwambiri yochizira matenda yomwe ingathe kuchitidwa kunyumba ndi ufulu waukulu kwa odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la impso.
- Ukhondo ndi chinthu choyamba pa chithandizochi. Nthawi zonse muzisamba m'manja ndipo chitani izi pamalo oyera. Izi zingathandize kupewa matenda oopsa monga Peritonitis.
- Dziwani bwino ubwino, kuipa, ndi zoopsa za njira iyi. Ngati muli ndi nkhawa iliyonse, musazengereze kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu.
- Nthawi zonse funsani upangiri kwa dokotala wanu kuti musankhe njira ya dialysis yomwe ikuyenererani.
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