Kodi mapapu anu akutupa? Izi zitha kukhala chibayo!

Kodi nthawi zina mumamva kupuma movutikira pang'ono? Kapena mumamva kupweteka kwachilendo pachifuwa panu? Mwina kunangoyamba ngati chimfine, koma mukuvutikabe kupuma? Ngati ndi choncho, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti mudziwe za matenda otchedwa "pneumonia", omwe tikambirana lero. Musadandaule, tikambirana za izi mosavuta, m'njira yomwe mungamvetse.

Kodi chibayo ndi chiyani? Mwachidule...

Mwachidule, chibayo ndi vuto lomwe timatumba tating'onoting'ono ta mpweya (otchedwa alveoli) m'mapapo mwanu timatupa, kapena kutupa, chifukwa cha zifukwa zina, osati matenda . Taganizirani izi, monga momwe timachitira tikamavulala, chinthu chonga ichi chingachitike m'mapapo mwathu. Kutupa kumeneku kungakulepheretseni kupuma bwino, ndipo kungayambitsenso mavuto ena m'thupi lanu.

Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya pneumonitis:

• Matenda oopsa: Pankhaniyi, kutupa kumachitika mwadzidzidzi ndipo kumatha pakapita nthawi yochepa.
• Gawo la Subacute: Apa, kutupa kumakula pang'onopang'ono komanso pang'onopang'ono.
• Matenda osatha: Izi ndi zoopsa pang'ono. Kutupako kumatenga nthawi yayitali, ndipo kungakhale kosatha.

Kodi chibayo ndi vuto loopsa?

Inde, chibayo ndi vuto lomwe liyenera kuganiziridwa mozama . Chifukwa kukhala pafupi ndi zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa kwa nthawi yayitali kungayambitse kuwonongeka kosatha kwa mapapo anu. Ndicho chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kudziwa izi ndikupempha upangiri wa dokotala nthawi yomweyo ngati mukuwona zizindikiro.

Kodi mitundu ikuluikulu ya chibayo ndi iti?

Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chibayo kutengera chomwe chimayambitsa. Tiyeni tiwone mitundu ina yayikulu:

• Matenda a Acute Interstitial Pneumonitis: Izi zimayamba mwadzidzidzi ndipo zizindikiro zimakula mofulumira kwambiri. Madokotala sakudziwabe chomwe chimayambitsa matendawa.
• Matenda a Chibayo: Izi zimachitika chifukwa chopuma mankhwala (`(zopumira)`) omwe timagwiritsa ntchito tsiku lililonse, kapena omwe timakumana nawo kuntchito. Mwachitsanzo, mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa, mpweya wa chlorine, mankhwala ophera tizilombo, mafuta, ndi utsi.
• Kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ya chibayo: Izi zili ngati ziwengo. Zimayamba chifukwa chopuma ma antigen, monga mabakiteriya, fumbi, nkhungu, ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono (dander) tochokera pakhungu la nyama, ubweya, kapena nthenga.
• Chibayo cha radiation:Vutoli likhoza kuchitika pambuyo pa chithandizo cha radiation cha khansa.

Kodi zizindikiro za pneumonitis ndi ziti?

Poyamba, zizindikiro za chibayo zimatha kufanana ndi za chimfine. Izi zikuphatikizapo:

• Kuvuta kupuma (Dyspnea). Mungamve kupuma pang'ono.
• Kupweteka pachifuwa.
• Chifuwa chouma chopanda ntchofu.

Kuwonjezera pa izi, zizindikiro zina zingawonekere:

• Kutopa.
• Malungo.
• Kufiira kwa khungu.
• Kutuluka thukuta.

Komabe, ngati matenda a pneumonitis osatha, zizindikiro monga izi zitha kuwonekanso:

• Kupuma pang'ono komanso kochepa.
• Kusinthika kwa mtundu wabuluu wa khungu (Cyanosis). Izi zimachitika thupi likapanda kulandira mpweya wokwanira.
• Kuchepetsa thupi mosadziwa.

Kodi zifukwa za pneumonitis ndi ziti?

Pali zifukwa zambiri zomwe zingayambitse chibayo. Tiyeni tiwone zina mwa zifukwa zomwe zimafala kwambiri:

• Zinyama: Matenda a ziwengo omwe amapezeka mu ubweya wa nyama, nthenga, ndi khungu angayambitse kutupa m'mapapo. Anthu ogwira ntchito m'mafamu, komanso madokotala a ziweto ndi oyang'anira zoo, ali pachiwopsezo.
• Mabakiteriya: Mitundu ina ya mabakiteriya, makamaka omwe amapezeka m'malo omwe chinyezi chimasonkhana, monga makina oziziritsira mpweya, zotenthetsera mpweya, ndi malo osambira otentha, amatha kukula ndikulowa mumlengalenga womwe timapuma.
• Mankhwala ndi mankhwala: Mankhwala ena angayambitsenso izi. Zitsanzo ndi monga aspirin, maantibayotiki ena (monga sulfonamides, nitrofurantoin), mankhwala ena a mtima (monga amiodarone), ndi mankhwala a chemotherapy.
• Nkhungu: Vutoli lingayambitsidwenso ndi kupuma nkhungu zomwe zimamera pa zinthu monga udzu, tirigu wouma, tchizi, bowa, ndi mitengo ya nzimbe. Nkhungu zimenezi zimapezeka m'nyumba zakale, zonyowa komanso m'malo omwe mabuku amaunjikidwa.
• Chithandizo cha Radiation: Vutoli likhoza kuchitika pambuyo poti chithandizo cha radiation chaperekedwa ku thupi lonse kapena pachifuwa panthawi ya chithandizo cha mitundu ina ya khansa, monga khansa ya m'mawere ndi khansa ya m'mapapo.

Kodi chibayo ichi ndi chopatsirana?

Ayi, chibayo si matenda opatsirana . Komabe, mavairasi kapena mabakiteriya ena omwe amachititsa izi amatha kufalikira kuchokera kwa munthu wina kupita kwa wina. Komabe, kutupa komwe kumachitika m'mapapo sikupatsirana.

Ndani amene ali ndi mwayi waukulu wopeza matenda a chibayo?

Aliyense akhoza kutenga chibayo, koma muli pachiwopsezo chachikulu ngati mugwira ntchito m'malo otsatirawa:

• Anthu omwe amagwira ntchito ndi ziweto (alimi, madokotala a ziweto, osunga nyama, ogulitsa ziweto).
• Anthu ogwira ntchito m'mafamu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo kapena tirigu ndi udzu wouma.
• Anthu ogwira ntchito m'mafakitale opanga ufa, mafakitale a mapepala, ndi m'mafakitale odulira matabwa.

Komanso, ngati mugwiritsa ntchito chotenthetsera madzi kunyumba kapena mumakhala nthawi m'mabafa otentha, ngati sanatsukidwe bwino, nkhungu ndi mabakiteriya zimatha kukula ndipo kupuma nthunzi kuchokera m'mabafawo kumawonjezera chiopsezo chotenga matenda a chibayo.

Kodi mavuto omwe angakhalepo chifukwa cha chibayo ndi ati?

Kudziwa zomwe zimayambitsa chibayo kwa nthawi yayitali kungayambitse kuwonongeka kwakukulu komanso kosatha kwa mapapo . Zofunika kwambiri ndi izi:

• Pulmonary Fibrosis: Imeneyi ndi matenda omwe mapapu amatupa pang'onopang'ono ndipo pang'onopang'ono amakula. Izi zingapangitse kuti zikhale zovuta kupuma komanso zingayambitse imfa.
• Kuthamanga kwa Magazi M'mapapo: Apa ndi pamene kuthamanga kwa magazi (kuthamanga kwa magazi) m'mitsempha yamagazi (mitsempha yamagazi) yomwe imanyamula magazi kuchokera mumtima kupita m'mapapo kumawonjezeka.

Kumbukirani: Mavuto amenewa akhoza kupha munthu, ndichifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuzindikira matendawa ndi kuchiza msanga.

Kodi matenda a pneumonitis amapezedwa bwanji?

Dokotala akhoza kuzindikira matenda a chibayo. Iye adzakufunsani za zizindikiro zanu, adzatenga mbiri yanu yachipatala, ndikumvetsera mapapu anu ndi stethoscope (`(auscultation)`). Kuphatikiza apo, angachite mayeso ena angapo kuti atsimikizire matendawa.

Ndi mayeso ati omwe akuchitidwa pa izi?

Kuti atsimikizire kuti pali pneumonia, dokotala wanu akhoza kulamula mayeso otsatirawa:

• Kuyesa Magazi a Allergy: Chitsanzo cha magazi anu chimatengedwa ndikuyesedwa kuti muwone ngati chikukhudzana ndi zinthu zina zomwe zimayambitsa allergy.
• Bronchoscopy: Mumapatsidwa mankhwala oletsa ululu ndipo chipangizo chopyapyala komanso chosinthasintha (bronchoscope) chokhala ndi kamera chimayikidwa kudzera pakamwa kapena mphuno yanu kuti muone mapapu anu.
• Mayeso Ojambula Zithunzi: Awa ndi mayeso osapweteka. Kaya ndi X-ray pachifuwa kapena CT scan.
• Kufufuza za mapapo: Njira yochitira opaleshoni yochotsa tinthu tating'onoting'ono m'mapapo kuti tiwunikenso.
• Mayeso a Ntchito ya M'mapapo: Izi zimayesa kuchuluka kwa mpweya womwe mumatenga pamphindi (kuthamanga kwa mpweya), kuchuluka kwa mpweya womwe umalowa ndikutuluka m'mapapo mwanu.
• Kuyeza kwa Oximetry ya Mtima (Pulse Ox):Kachipangizo kakang'ono komwe kamalumikizidwa ku chala chanu kamayesa kuchuluka kwa mpweya m'magazi anu.

Kodi mankhwala a pneumonitis ndi otani?

Ngati muli ndi chibayo, chithandizo chabwino kwambiri ndi kupewa zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa . Kuphatikiza apo, dokotala wanu angakulangizeni mankhwala kapena mankhwala monga:

• Corticosteroids kapena mankhwala oletsa chitetezo chamthupi: Mankhwalawa amachepetsa kutupa m'mapapo. Mwachitsanzo, mankhwala monga `(prednisone)`, `(mycophenolate)`, kapena `(azathioprine)` angaperekedwe.
• Mankhwala oletsa kutupa m'mapapo: Izi zimachepetsa kupanga zipsera m'mapapo. Mankhwala monga `(pirfenidone)` kapena `(nintedanib)` angaperekedwe.
• Kubwezeretsa M'mapapo: Pa izi, mumagwira ntchito ndi dokotala kuti mupange pulogalamu yochita masewera olimbitsa thupi kuti muwonjezere mphamvu ya mapapo anu.
• Chithandizo cha Mpweya Wopatsa Mpweya: Izi zimathandiza kupereka mpweya m'thupi pamene kupuma kuli kovuta. Mpweya wopatsa Mpweya ukhoza kuperekedwa nthawi zonse, kapena nthawi zina zokha, monga panthawi yochita masewera olimbitsa thupi kapena pogona.
• Kusamutsa mapapo: Ngati chibayo chikakula kwambiri ndipo chikafika pamavuto monga pulmonary fibrosis, madokotala angakulangizeni kuchotsa mapapu amodzi kapena onse awiri omwe awonongeka ndikusamutsa mapapo athanzi.

Kodi ndidzamva bwino msanga bwanji nditalandira chithandizo?

Zimatengera chifukwa cha chibayo chanu komanso momwe chikukulira. Zingatenge miyezi ingapo kuti mapapo anu achire. Nthawi zina, kuwonongeka kwa mapapo anu kungakhale kosatha .

Kodi Pneumonitis ingapewedwe?

Inde, njira yabwino kwambiri yochepetsera chiopsezo chanu chotenga matenda a chibayo ndi kupewa zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa kutupa m'mapapo momwe mungathere . Ngati muyenera kukhudzidwa ndi zinthu zotere, mutha kuchita izi:

• Valani Zipangizo Zodzitetezera (PPE) , makamaka chigoba cha mtundu wa N95, kuti mupewe kupuma tinthu toopsa mumlengalenga.
• Tsukani ndi kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda monga makina oziziritsira mpweya, mabafa otentha, ndi zinthu zotenthetsera mpweya nthawi zonse .
• Tsukani makapeti ndi makapeti nthawi zonse ndi chotsukira cha vacuum kuti muchotse fumbi ndi ubweya wa nyama.
• Kugwiritsa ntchito fyuluta ya mpweya wochepa kwambiri (HEPA) kunyumba kungathandize kuchotsa zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa ziwengo mumlengalenga.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani ngati muli ndi pneumonitis?

Ngati matenda a chibayo atapezeka msanga ndikuchiritsidwa bwino, matendawa amatha kuchira. Ngati muli ndi matenda a chibayo, zizindikiro zanu zimatha patangopita masiku ochepa mutachotsa chomwe chimayambitsa matendawa pamalo omwe muli.

Matenda a subacute nthawi zambiri amayamba chifukwa chokhala ndi zinthu zochepa zoopsa kwa nthawi yayitali. Zizindikiro zimatha kukhala kwa miyezi ingapo ndipo zimafuna chithandizo.

Komabe, kuwonongeka komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha chibayo chosatha nthawi zambiri kumakhala kosatha . Komabe, mankhwala ndi chithandizo zimatha kuchepetsa kuopsa kwa zizindikiro.

Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa Pneumonitis ndi Pneumonia?

Ichi ndi chinthu chomwe chimasokoneza anthu ambiri. Tiyeni tiwone kusiyana pakati pa ziwirizi:

• Chibayo: Uku ndi kutupa kwa minofu ya m'mapapo popanda matenda . Kutupa kumeneku kumakhudza makoma a alveoli, koma palibe madzi kapena mafinya omwe amasonkhana. Chibayo chimayambitsa chifuwa chouma .
• Chibayo: Ichi ndi matenda a bakiteriya, mavairasi, kapena bowa m'mapapo. Ichi ndi mtundu wa chibayo, koma pankhaniyi, pamodzi ndi kutupa, madzi kapena mafinya amasonkhana m'minofu ya mapapo. Izi zingayambitse chifuwa chomwe chimapanga chifuwa chonyowa, chachikasu, kapena chamagazi .

Pomaliza, zinthu zingapo zoti muzikumbukira (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

Chibayo ndi kutupa kwa minofu ya m'mapapo. Kukumana ndi zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa kwa nthawi yayitali kungayambitse kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa mapapo. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuwonana ndi dokotala zizindikiro zikayamba kuwonekera . Izi zitha kupewa kuwonongeka kosatha. Dokotala wanu akhoza kuchita mayeso, kudziwa kuopsa kwa vuto lanu, ndikukuthandizani kuchepetsa zizindikiro zanu ndikupangitsa kupuma kukhala kosavuta.

Ngati mwapeza kuti muli ndi chibayo, musaiwale kupewa zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa, kumwa mankhwala omwe mwapatsidwa, komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi opumira monga momwe dokotala wanu akukulangizirani. Funsani dokotala wanu za zinthu izi:

• N’chifukwa chiyani ndinayamba matenda a chibayo?
• Kodi ndili ndi matenda a acute kapena osachiritsika?
• Kodi njira yabwino yopewera zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa vutoli ndi iti?
• Kodi mapapo anga awonongeka kwamuyaya?
• Kodi mumalimbikitsa mankhwala amtundu wanji?
• Kodi zinditengera nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti ndimve bwino?
• Kodi ndiyenera kubweranso liti kudzayesa?
• Kodi ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala wa matenda a m'mapapo?

Ngati mukumva ngati simungathe kupuma, pitani kuchipatala chapafupi kapena imbani nambala yadzidzidzi nthawi yomweyo .

Chibayo , Chibayo, Kutupa kwa mapapo, Kuvuta kupuma, Matenda opuma, Ziwengo, Matenda a mapapo