Kodi munayamba mwaonapo kadontho kofiirira kapena kadontho kakang'ono kakuonekera mwadzidzidzi pakhungu lanu, makamaka m'manja kapena m'miyendo yanu, popanda kukhudza? Nthawi zina izi zimawoneka ngati mabala, koma kwenikweni zimatha kukhala zina. Mu zamankhwala, timatcha vutoli kuti purpura. Musadandaule, iyi si matenda, koma ikhoza kukhala chizindikiro cha vuto lina loyambitsa. Chifukwa chake lero, tiyeni tikambirane za chilichonse mwachidule.
Kodi Purpura kwenikweni ndi chiyani?
Mwachidule, purpura ndi vuto lomwe mitsempha yamagazi yaying'ono yomwe ili pansi pa khungu lathu imatuluka magazi, zomwe zimayambitsa madontho pakhungu. Izi zitha kuchitika pakhungu lanu kapena pakhungu monga pakamwa panu ndi pakhosi.
Mawonekedwe a madontho amenewa amasiyana malinga ndi mtundu wa khungu lanu.
- Kwa munthu amene ali ndi khungu loyera: Izi zimaoneka ngati mtundu wofiira-wofiirira.
- Kwa munthu amene ali ndi khungu lopepuka: Izi zitha kukhala zakuda kapena zofiirira.
Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti purpura si matenda, koma chizindikiro cha vuto lina. Vutoli lingayambitsidwe ndi mankhwala ena, kusowa kwa mavitamini, kapena matenda ena obadwa nawo. Chifukwa chake, ngati mawanga otere akuwoneka popanda chifukwa chomveka, ndi bwino kuuza dokotala za vutoli.
Kodi pali kusiyana pakati pa mitundu iyi ya mawanga?
Inde, madontho amenewa omwe amayambitsidwa ndi kutuluka magazi pansi pa khungu amatchedwa mayina atatu kutengera kukula kwawo. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti mudziwe izi.
| Dzina la malowo | Kukula | Kufotokozera kosavuta |
|---|---|---|
| Petechiae | Zochepera 4 mm | Izi, kunena zoona, ndi madontho ang'onoang'ono kwambiri, monga kadontho kopangidwa ndi nsonga ya cholembera. Nthawi zambiri, izi zimasonkhana pamodzi, kotero anthu ena amaona ngati ziphuphu. |
| Purpura | Pakati pa mamilimita 4 ndi 10 (osakwana sentimita imodzi) | Uwu ndiye mtundu waukulu wa molu womwe tikukamba. Awa ndi akulu pang'ono kuposa petechiae. |
| Ecchymoses | Kuposa sentimita imodzi | Izi ndi zomwe nthawi zambiri timazitcha "misewu ya thale ." Izi ndi zazikulu kukula kwake. |
Chodabwitsa ndi madontho awa ndichakuti ngati muwakanikiza ndi chala chanu, sasintha mtundu (samasintha mtundu). Matuza abwinobwino amasanduka ofiira akamakanikiza ndipo amasanduka ofiira akamakhudzidwa.
Kodi zifukwa zazikulu za purpura ndi ziti?
Choyambitsa purpura chimadalira mtundu wake. Chimagawidwa m'magulu awiri. Choyamba chimadalira kuchuluka kwa ma platelet m'magazi athu. Ma platelet ndi maselo ang'onoang'ono omwe amathandiza kuletsa kutuluka kwa magazi ndikupanga magazi kuundana tikatuluka magazi.
1. Thrombocytopenic Purpura: Apa ndi pamene chiwerengero cha ma platelet m'magazi chimachepa.
2. Non-thrombocytopenic Purpura: Pano, ngakhale kuti kuchuluka kwa ma platelet ndi kwabwinobwino, magazi amatuluka m'mitsempha yamagazi pazifukwa zina.
Tiyeni tiwone bwino zifukwa izi mu tebulo ili m'munsimu.
| Zifukwa za Purpura | |
|---|---|
| 1. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa ma platelet m'magazi (Thrombocytopenic Purpura) | |
| |
| 2. Zomwe zimayambitsa kuchuluka kwa ma platelet m'magazi (Non-thrombocytopenic Purpura) | |
|
Chofunika: Purpura ingathenso kuchitika ngati vuto lalikulu la mankhwala ochepetsa magazi monga heparin ndi warfarin, kapena m'mavuto aakulu kwambiri, koma osowa, monga DIC (Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation). Izi ndi zochitika zomwe zimafuna chithandizo chadzidzidzi.
Kodi dokotala amazindikira bwanji vutoli?
Mukapita kwa dokotala yemwe ali ndi chipolopolo ngati ichi, chinthu choyamba chomwe angachite ndikuwunika khungu lanu mosamala. Kenako, adzakufunsani za mbiri yanu yonse yachipatala komanso mankhwala omwe mukumwa.
Kuti adziwe chifukwa chenicheni cha purpura, dokotala wanu angakupatseni mayeso ena.
- Kuchuluka kwa Magazi Okwanira (CBC): Izi zimafufuza makamaka kuchuluka kwa ma platelet m'magazi anu. Kudziwa ngati ma platelet anu ndi ochepa kapena ayi kungathandize kudziwa chomwe chikuyambitsa.
- Kufufuza Khungu: Nthawi zina, ngati kuchuluka kwa ma platelet kuli bwino, khungu laling'ono kwambiri lingatengedwe ndikuyesedwa kuti liwone ngati pali vuto lotchedwa vasculitis.
Mayeso awa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuzindikira vuto lenileni lomwe limayambitsa purpura.
Kodi imachiritsidwa bwanji?
Kumbukirani kuti mankhwala si a mabala a purpura, koma a matenda omwe amayambitsa matendawa. Nthawi zina, makamaka kwa ana, mabala amenewa amatha popanda chithandizo chilichonse.
Dokotala akazindikira chifukwa chake, akhoza kuchita izi:
- Ngati mukumwa mankhwala omwe amayambitsa purpura, sinthani kapena siyani.
- Kuchiza matenda enaake (monga matenda, matenda a chitetezo chamthupi).
- Ngati kuchuluka kwa ma platelet kuli kochepa kwambiri, perekani chithandizo kuti chiwonjezeke.
Mankhwala ena omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito powonjezera kuchuluka kwa ma platelet m'magazi ndi awa:
- Corticosteroids: Mankhwala omwe amaletsa kuwonongeka kwa ma platelet.
- Chithandizo cha IVIG (Intravenous Immunoglobulin): Chithandizochi, choperekedwa kudzera mu mitsempha, chimawonjezera msanga kuchuluka kwa ma platelet.
- Mankhwala oletsa chitetezo chamthupi: Mwachitsanzo, mankhwala monga Rituximab.
- Kuika Magazi: Kupereka ma platelet m'thupi kuchokera kunja, ngati pakufunika.
- Kuchotsa splenectomy: Nthawi zina, ndulu, yomwe imayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa ma platelet, imachotsedwa opaleshoni.
Ngati muwona mawanga, zilema, kapena mabala amtunduwu pakhungu lanu popanda chifukwa chomveka, musawanyalanyaze. Kambiranani ndi dokotala wanu. Chifukwa nthawi zina izi sizinthu zazikulu, koma nthawi zina zimatha kukhala chizindikiro choyamba cha matenda oopsa. Chifukwa chake, chinthu choyenera kuchita ndikufunsa upangiri wa dokotala.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Purpura ndi banga lofiirira, lofiira, kapena la bulauni lomwe limayamba chifukwa cha magazi omwe amatuluka m'mitsempha yaying'ono yamagazi yomwe ili pansi pa khungu.
- Ichi si matenda, koma chizindikiro cha vuto lina loyambitsa.
- Izi zimagawidwa malinga ndi kukula kwake monga petechiae (yaing'ono kwambiri), purpura (yapakatikati), ndi ecchymosis (mabala/akuluakulu).
- Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa ndi kuchepa kwa ma platelet m'magazi, mankhwala, matenda opatsirana, komanso kufooka kwa mitsempha yamagazi.
- Ngati muwona mawanga amtunduwu opanda mabala, musawanyalanyaze. Funsani upangiri wa dokotala.
- Mankhwalawa sakhudza mawangawo, koma vuto lomwe linawayambitsa.
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