Tonsefe timamva kusakhazikika tikamva mawu oti " radiation ," sichoncho? N'zosavuta kuganiza kuti ndi chinthu choopsa kwambiri. Komabe, lero sitikulankhula za radiation ya tsiku ndi tsiku. Tikuyang'ana kwambiri pa vuto lalikulu la thanzi lomwe lingachitike ngati thupi lanu lili ndi radiation yambiri. Madokotala amatcha izi kuti "Radiation Sickness," yomwe imadziwikanso kuti ( Acute Radiation Syndrome - ARS). Ili ndi vuto lomwe lingathe kupha munthu, choncho tiyeni tilifotokoze pamodzi, chifukwa ndikofunikira kukhala ndi chidziwitso chokwanira.
Kodi matenda a radiation ndi chiyani kwenikweni? Mwachidule…
Mwachidule, uwu ndi matenda oopsa omwe amapezeka thupi lanu likakumana ndi kuchuluka kwa ma radiation a ayoni nthawi imodzi kapena kwa kanthawi kochepa. Mwina munamvapo kuti ma radiation a ayoni amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana, m'mafakitale opanga magetsi, komanso m'magulu ankhondo kuti apange mphamvu. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito m'zipatala zinazake; mwachitsanzo, chithandizo cha radiation ( radiation therapy ) kwa odwala khansa chimagwiritsa ntchito mlingo wochepa kwambiri, wowongoleredwa mosamala.
Komabe, matenda a radiation nthawi zambiri amagwirizanitsidwa ndi kuwonekera mwadzidzidzi komanso moopsa —monga ngozi yayikulu pamalo opangira magetsi a nyukiliya. Kuopsa kwa vutoli kumadalira zinthu zingapo zofunika:
- Kuchuluka kwa kuwala komwe thupi lanu limayamwa: Izi zimayesedwa m'mayunitsi otchedwa "Grays (Gy)." Mlingo ukakhala wokwera, kuwonongeka kumawonjezeka.
- Kutalika kwa nthawi yokumana ndi matendawa: Kulandira mlingo waukulu munthawi yochepa n'koopsa kwambiri kuposa kulandira mlingo wochepa, wochuluka m'masabata angapo (monga panthawi ya chithandizo cha khansa ).
- Kaya thupi lonse linaonekera kapena gawo linalake lokha: Kupezeka kwa thupi lonse pa mlingo waukulu kumatha kupha anthu mkati mwa maola kapena miyezi.
Ganizirani maselo a thupi lanu ngati nyumba zazing'ono. Kuwala kochepa kwa dzuwa kungakhale ngati kuwonongeka pang'ono komwe thupi lingathe kukonza. Komabe, kuwala kwakukulu kwadzidzidzi kuli ngati kuwononga nyumbazo kwathunthu—ndicho chomwe chimachitikira maselo anu.
Kodi mitundu ikuluikulu ya matenda a radiation (ARS) ndi iti?
Pambuyo pokumana mwadzidzidzi ndi radiation yambiri, matenda atatu akuluakulu (zizindikiro zingapo) amatha kuchitika:
1. Matenda a Cerebrovascular: Izi zimakhudza kuyenda kwa magazi kupita ku ubongo wanu . Zimachitika pamene thupi lonse limalandira mlingo waukulu kwambiri wa radiation (woposa 30 Gy). Uwu ndi matenda ovuta komanso ovuta kwambiri.
2.Matenda a m'mimba (GI): Izi zimayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa kugaya chakudya . Zitha kuchitika ngati thupi lonse lilandira mlingo wa pakati pa 6 ndi 30 Gy.
3. Matenda a magazi: Izi zimakhudza mphamvu ya thupi lanu yopanga maselo a magazi . Izi zitha kuchitika ndi mlingo wonse wa thupi wa pafupifupi 1 mpaka 6 Gy.
Mtundu uliwonse ndi woopsa, koma kuopsa kwake kumatengera mlingo wa radiation womwe umalowa.
Kodi izi ndi zofala bwanji, ndipo muyenera kuda nkhawa?
Zoona zake n'zakuti, zadzidzidzi za radiological kapena nyukiliya (zofuna chithandizo chamankhwala mwachangu kudzera pa 911 kapena ntchito zadzidzidzi zakomweko) sizichitika kawirikawiri . Komabe, ngati chochitika chotere chichitika, chingakhudze anthu ambiri nthawi imodzi. Zochitika zoopsa kwambiri m'mbiri zikuphatikizapo mabomba a atomiki omwe anaponyedwa ku Japan panthawi ya Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse komanso ngozi ya chomera cha ku Chernobyl mu 1986. Kupatula omwe anafa nthawi yomweyo, anthu masauzande ambiri anamwalira pambuyo pake ndi khansa yoyambitsidwa ndi radiation . Chifukwa chake, ngakhale sizofala, zimakhala zoopsa kwambiri ngati zitachitika.
Kodi zizindikiro zake ndi ziti ndipo mungazizindikire bwanji?
Zizindikiro za kuwala kwa dzuwa zimatha kuonekera nthawi yomweyo, kapena zitha kuonekera patatha masiku, milungu, kapena miyezi ingapo. Ngakhale zizindikiro zimasiyana malinga ndi matendawo, nazi zizindikiro zoyamba zomwe zimaonekera :
- Kutopa kwambiri ndi kufooka
- Kusanza ndi kusanza (nthawi zina kumaphatikizapo kusanza magazi )
- Kutuluka magazi m'matumbo (ndowe zamagazi)
- Kutsegula m'mimba
- Malungo
- Kusokonezeka kapena kusokonezeka maganizo
- Kutaya tsitsi
- Kukwiya kwa khungu, kufiira, kutupa, kapena kutentha
Izi ndi zizindikiro zoyambirira zochenjeza. Pambuyo pa izi, zizindikiro ndi zovuta zokhudzana ndi matenda enaake omwe takambirana kale zimayamba kuonekera pang'onopang'ono.
Kodi magawo a matenda a radiation ndi ati?
Matenda a Acute Radiation Syndrome (ARS) amapita patsogolo m'magawo osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo:
1. Gawo la Prodromal: Zizindikiro zoyamba (monga nseru ndi kusanza) nthawi zambiri zimayamba kuyambira mphindi zochepa mpaka masiku awiri mutakumana ndi radiation.
2. Gawo lobisika lopanda zizindikiro:Imeneyi ikhoza kukhala nthawi yonyenga. Zizindikiro zoyamba zikatha, mungamve ngati mwachira, koma nthawi yopanda zizindikiro imeneyi imatha kuyambira maola angapo mpaka masiku 21.
3. Gawo la matenda a m'thupi: Apa ndi pamene zizindikiro zazikulu ndi kusintha kwakukulu kwa thupi zimaonekera. Kutengera mtundu wa matenda, gawoli likhoza kuyamba kuyambira maola ochepa mpaka masiku 60 kuchokera pamene munthu wakhudzidwa ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa.
Kodi n’chiyani chimayambitsa matenda a Acute Radiation Syndrome?
Nirogi Lanka akukukumbutsani kuti Acute Radiation Syndrome (ARS) imayamba chifukwa cha kukhudzana mwachindunji ndi ma radiation ambiri kapena kuipitsidwa ndi zinthu zowononga zakunja/mkati . Ngakhale kuti ma radiation ochepa angasokoneze luso la maselo anu lokonzanso kapena kugawa, ma radiation ambiri amachititsa kuti maselo afe .
Mungathe kukhudzidwa mwachindunji ndi zochitika monga kuphulika kwa nyukiliya, ngozi za radiation, kapena kuwonongeka kwa radioactive kuchokera ku kuyesa zida za nyukiliya. Kuphatikiza apo, mutha kuipitsidwa ndi kudya chakudya kapena madzi okhala ndi zinthu za radioactive, kapena kudzera pakhungu pokhudzana ndi zinthu za radioactive.
Kodi ARS imafalikira?
Izi ndi nkhawa yofala kwambiri. Ngati munthu wakumana ndi ma radiation ambiri ndipo wachotsedwa mankhwala oyenera —kutanthauza kuti zovala zake zachotsedwa ndipo khungu lake latsukidwa bwino—sakuikanso pachiwopsezo cha ma radiation, chifukwa ma radiationwo amakhala mkati mwa thupi lake.
Komabe, kukhala pafupi ndi munthu amene sanachotsedwe mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kumakuika pachiwopsezo cha poizoni wa poizoni wa radiation . Mwachitsanzo, anthu obwera kudzathandiza pa ngozi zadzidzidzi amakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu pazochitika zotere.
Kodi matenda a ARS amapezedwa bwanji?
Madokotala amazindikira matenda a ARS poganizira zinthu zingapo:
- Mbiri ya Kukumana ndi Munthu: Tsatanetsatane wokhudza momwe ndi nthawi yomwe chochitikacho chinachitikira.
- Zizindikiro ndi Zizindikiro: Madandaulo anu enieni, nthawi yomwe adayamba, ndi kuopsa kwawo.
- Mayeso a Laboratory: Makamaka Kuwerengera Magazi Konse (CBC) , komwe kumayang'aniridwa pakapita nthawi kuti kudziwe mlingo wanu wa radiation ndikulosera za matenda anu.
Ngati mukukayikira kuti pali kuipitsidwa, ogwira ntchito zachipatala adzagwiritsa ntchito kauntala ya Geiger-Muller kuti aone ngati pali kuwala kwa ayoni m'thupi lanu lonse. Kuti aone ngati pali kuipitsidwa mkati mwa thupi lanu, angagwiritse ntchito swabs kuchokera m'makutu, pakamwa, kapena m'mabala, ndipo angayesenso mkodzo wanu ndi ndowe zanu kuti aone ngati pali kuwala kwa radioactive.
Kodi njira zochiritsira ndi ziti?
Chithandizo chimadalira kuopsa kwa matendawa. Pakagwa ngozi, magulu azachipatala amaika patsogolo chisamaliro potengera chiopsezo chomwe chingabwere pa moyo wanu.
Mankhwala ochiritsira wamba ndi awa:
- Kuchotsa poizoni:Kuchotsa zovala ndi kutsuka khungu bwino kuti lisafalitse kuwala kwa dzuwa kwa ena.
- Njira zochitira opaleshoni: Zimachitidwa ngati muli ndi kuvulala komwe kungawononge moyo wanu.
- Chisamaliro chothandizira: Kuphatikizapo madzi m'mitsempha, ma electrolyte, kuchepetsa ululu wa kupsa kapena kuvulala, ndi maantibayotiki oletsa kapena kuchiza matenda.
- Kupewa khansa ya chithokomiro: Madokotala nthawi zambiri amapatsa ana ndi amayi apakati mapiritsi a potassium iodide kuti chithokomiro chisayamwe ayodini wochuluka.
- Kusamalira zoopsa zamaganizo: Kukhudzidwa ndi radiation kumatha kubweretsa zoopsa. Timapereka chithandizo chamankhwala amisala komanso, ngati pakufunika, mankhwala okuthandizani kuthana ndi vutoli.
Kodi matenda a radiation angapewedwe?
Ngakhale kuti nthawi zonse simungathe kupewa kukhudzana ndi mphamvu ya dzuwa mosayembekezereka, Nirogi Lanka akukulangizani kuti muchite izi pakagwa ngozi ya nyukiliya:
- Tulukani nthawi yomweyo: Tulukani pamalo omwe akhudzidwa ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa mwachangu momwe mungathere ndipo musalowenso.
- Chotsani chimbudzi: Chotsani zovala zodetsedwa nthawi yomweyo ndikuzitseka mu chidebe. Sambani thupi lanu bwino pogwiritsa ntchito sopo ndi madzi.
- Fufuzani chithandizo chamankhwala: Lumikizanani ndi ogwira ntchito zadzidzidzi (911) kuti mupeze thandizo mwachangu.
Kodi chiyembekezo cha nthawi yayitali ndi chiyani?
Kuzindikira kwanu matenda a radiation kumadalira zinthu zingapo zofunika:
- Kuchuluka konse kwa kuwala komwe thupi lanu latenga.
- Kukula kwa thupi lanu komwe kumakhudzidwa ndi kukhudzana ndi zinthu.
- Kodi mumatha kulandira chithandizo chamankhwala mwachangu bwanji?
Matenda a radiation ndi matenda omwe amaika moyo pachiswe. Kawirikawiri, kuchuluka kwa radiation komwe mumakumana nako kumawonjezera kukula kwa matendawa komanso kumachepetsa kupulumuka.
Ngakhale kwa iwo omwe apulumuka matendawa koyamba, pali chiopsezo cha mavuto a nthawi yayitali . Mutha kukumana ndi chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha khansa zina, monga khansa ya m'magazi ndi khansa ya chithokomiro , mtsogolo.
Kodi ndi liti pamene muyenera kupeza chithandizo chamankhwala?
Ngati mukuganiza kuti mwakumana ndi ma radiation ambiri, iyi ndi ngozi yachipatala yomwe imafuna chisamaliro cha akatswiri mwachangu . Chokani pamalo omwe muli ma radiation mwachangu momwe mungathere ndipo imbani 911 kapena ogwira ntchito zadzidzidzi akumaloko kuti akuthandizeni mwachangu.
Mfundo Zazikulu: Zimene Muyenera Kuzikumbukira
Takambirana mfundo zofunika kwambiri zokhudza matenda a radiation. Nazi mfundo zofunika kuzikumbukira:
- Matenda a radiation ndi matenda oopsa komanso oopsa omwe amapha anthu chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito ma radiation ambiri.
- Ngakhale kuti zochitika zotere sizichitika kawirikawiri , zotsatira zake pa thanzi zimakhala zoopsa kwambiri.
- Zizindikiro zoyamba nthawi zambiri zimakhala kutopa kwambiri, nseru, kusanza, kutsegula m'mimba, kutentha thupi, komanso kutayika tsitsi.
- Ngati mwakhudzidwa ndi ngozi ya radiation, vulani zovala zanu ndipo tsukani khungu lanu bwino ndi sopo ndi madzi kuti mudziyeretsere mwachangu.
- Kenako, funani thandizo lachipatala mwamsanga . Kuthandiza mwamsanga n'kofunika kwambiri kuti mukhale ndi mwayi wopulumuka.
Tikukhulupirira kuti mfundo izi zochokera ku Nirogi Lanka zikuthandizani. Kukhala ndi chidziwitso ndi sitepe yoyamba kuti mukhale otetezeka. Chonde samalirani thanzi lanu!
Mawu Ofunika: Kudwala kwa Radiation, Acute Radiation Syndrome, ARS, Ionizing Radiation, Kuwonekera kwa Radiation, Zizindikiro za Radiation, Nyukiliya Yadzidzidzi
