Kodi Schwannoma ndi chiyani? Kodi ndi chinthu choopa? Tiyeni tidziwe bwino lomwe

Nthawi zina mungamve ngati chotupa chaching'ono kwinakwake pathupi lanu. Kapena mungamve kupweteka, kupweteka, kapena kumva zachilendo. Chifukwa chimodzi cha zinthuzi ndi vuto lotchedwa 'Schwannoma'. Dzinalo likumveka lovuta komanso loopsa, sichoncho? Koma musadandaule. Munkhaniyi, tikambirana za izi kwenikweni, chifukwa chake zimachitika, kodi ndizoopsa, komanso chithandizo chake m'njira yosavuta yomwe aliyense angamvetse.

Schwannoma ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, schwannoma ndi chotupa. Koma chimachokera ku mtundu wapadera wa selo m'thupi lathu. Timachitcha 'maselo a Schwann'.

Tsopano mwina mukudabwa kuti 'maselo a Schwann' awa ndi chiyani. Ganizirani za mitsempha m'thupi lathu lonse ngati mawaya amagetsi. Mitsempha iyi imanyamula mauthenga ochokera ku ubongo kupita ku ziwalo zonse za thupi. Pali chidebe chapulasitiki chozungulira waya wamagetsi kuti chitetezedwe, sichoncho? Mofananamo, mitsempha yathu ilinso ndi chidebe chozungulira kuti chiwateteze ndikuwathandiza kunyamula mauthenga mwachangu. Chidebe chimenecho chimapangidwa ndi 'maselo a Schwann'. Chifukwa chake, pazifukwa zina, pamene maselo a Schwann awa ayamba kukula mopitirira muyeso, chotupa chimapangika pamenepo. Ndicho chomwe timachitcha Schwannoma.

Nkhani yabwino ndi yakuti zotupa zambirizi si khansa (zoipa) . Izi zikutanthauza kuti sizifalikira ku ziwalo zina za thupi. Ndipo nthawi zambiri zimakula pang'onopang'ono, nthawi zina kwa zaka zambiri.

Koma, kawirikawiri kwambiri, ndiko kuti, kawirikawiri kwambiri, izi zimathanso kukhala khansa (zoopsa). Kenako timazitchanso 'soft tissue sarcoma'. Koma zimenezo n'zosowa kwambiri. Mu 90% ya milandu, izi zimapezeka ngati chotupa chimodzi.

Kodi Schwannomas imapezeka kuti nthawi zambiri?

Zotupa zimenezi zimatha kufalikira kulikonse mu 'peripheral nervous system', yomwe ndi mitsempha yomwe imanyamula mauthenga ochokera muubongo ndi msana kupita ku thupi lonse.

Koma pali mtundu wapadera womwe umawoneka kawirikawiri. Umatchedwa 'vestibular schwannoma' . Anthu ena amautchanso 'acoustic neuroma'. Izi zimayamba mu mitsempha yomwe imachokera muubongo wathu kupita ku khutu lathu, yomwe imatithandiza kumva ndikukhala bwino. Uwu nthawi zambiri si khansa, ndipo ndi mtundu womwe umakula pang'onopang'ono.

Kuphatikiza apo, zimathanso kukula mu mitsempha ya sciatic yomwe ili m'mwendo, brachial plexus yomwe ili m'dzanja, ndi mitsempha yomwe ili m'munsi mwa msana.

Kodi ichi ndi chotupa cha muubongo?

Funso limene anthu ambiri ali nalo ndi ili. Yankho ndi lakuti, mwina zingakhale choncho kapena ayi. Zimatengera komwe chotupacho chili.

Mitundu yomwe tatchula kale, monga 'vestibular schwannoma', imapezeka m'mitsempha mkati mwa ubongo. Ndicho chifukwa chake imaonedwa ngati chotupa cha muubongo. Koma chifukwa chakuti schwannoma imatha kufalikira kulikonse m'thupi, mwachitsanzo, mumitsempha yomwe ili m'dzanja kapena mwendo, si yonse yomwe ndi yotupa muubongo.

Kodi zizindikiro za Schwannoma ndi ziti?

Popeza zotupazi zimakula pang'onopang'ono, nthawi zina zimatha kukhala zaka zambiri osawonetsa zizindikiro zilizonse. Ngati zizindikirozo ziwonekera, zomwe zili zidzadalira komwe chotupacho chili komanso kukula kwake.

Gome ili m'munsimu likuwonetsa zina mwa zizindikiro zodziwika bwino.

Zizindikiro zenizeni zomwe zimasiyana malinga ndi komwe chotupacho chili

• Vestibular Schwannoma: Iyi ili mu mitsempha ya khutu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti khutu limodzi lisamamve bwino.N'zotheka. Mutha kumvanso phokoso la kulira m'makutu mwanu (tinnitus), chizungulire, komanso kulephera kukhazikika bwino.
• Mitsempha ya Nkhope: Ngati chotupa chikachitika m'derali, chingayambitse vuto lomeza, kuvutika kusuntha maso, kusintha kukoma, kapena kufooka kwa nkhope.
• Mitsempha ya Sciatic: Ngati chotupa chikayamba pa mitsempha yayikulu yomwe imapita ku mwendo, chingayambitse ululu womwe umayenda kuchokera kumbuyo kupita ku mwendo, mofanana ndi kupweteka kwa msana kapena 'vuto la disc' .

Nchifukwa chiyani Schwannoma iyi imapanga?

Ndipotu, 90% ya milandu iyi imachitika nthawi ndi nthawi, popanda chifukwa chenicheni . Palibe chifukwa chenicheni chomwe chapezeka.

Komabe, ochepa kwambiri akhoza kukhala ndi zifukwa za majini. Mwachitsanzo, anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a majini monga Neurofibromatosis 2 (NF2), Schwannomatosis, kapena Carney complex ali ndi mwayi waukulu wopeza zotupa zambiri kuposa chimodzi mwa izi. Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a majini awa ali ndi vuto m'majini omwe amalamulira kupanga chotupa m'matupi awo.

Kodi dokotala amapeza bwanji izi?

Mukapita kwa dokotala yemwe ali ndi zizindikiro, adzakuyesani ndipo ngati akukayikira vutoli, adzakutumizani kuti mukayesedwe zithunzi zingapo. Nthawi zina, chotupachi chingapezeke mwangozi panthawi yojambula pazifukwa zina.

Mayeso akuluakulu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa izi ndi awa:

• Kujambula kwa MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Iyi ndi njira yabwino kwambiri komanso yomveka bwino yodziwira schwannoma. Imagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya maginito ndi mafunde a wailesi kuti ijambule zithunzi zomveka bwino za mkati mwa thupi. MRI ingathandize kudziwa malo enieni, kukula, ndi momwe mitsempha yapafupi imakhudzira.
• Kujambula kwa CT (Computed Tomography): Izi zimagwiritsa ntchito ma X-ray angapo kuti zijambule zithunzi za thupi lonse. Ngakhale sizikumveka bwino ngati MRI, zingathandizenso kupeza matenda.
• Kujambula kwa Ultrasound: Izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pofufuza zinthu monga zotupa zazing'ono, makamaka pansi pa khungu.
• Kufufuza za matenda a khansa: Nthawi zina, dokotala angasankhe kutenga chidutswa chaching'ono cha chotupacho ndi singano ndikuchiyang'ana. Izi zimatchedwa 'kufufuza za khansa'. Izi zidzatsimikizira 100% ngati ndi schwannoma kapena ngati ili ndi maselo a khansa.

Kodi mankhwala ochizira izi ndi otani?

Chithandizocho chimadalira zinthu zingapo. Dokotala wanu adzaganizira zinthu monga komwe chotupacho chili, kukula kwake, kukula kwake mofulumira, ndi zizindikiro zanu.

Pali njira zitatu zazikulu zochiritsira.

1. Kuyang'anitsitsa (Kuyang'anitsitsa / "Yang'anirani ndi Kudikira")

Ngati chotupacho sichili khansa, chikukula pang'onopang'ono, ndipo mulibe zizindikiro zilizonse zovutitsa, dokotala wanu angakuuzeni kuti, "Tiyeni tingodikira kuti tiwone." Izi zikutanthauza kuti adzachita zinthu monga MRI scans nthawi ndi nthawi kuti aone ngati chotupacho chikusintha kukula kwake. Ngati chotupacho chikuyamba kukula kapena ngati muli ndi zizindikiro, ndiye kuti ayamba kuchichiza.

2. Kuchotsa opaleshoni (Opaleshoni)

Ngati chotupacho chikukula mofulumira kapena ngati zizindikiro zikukuvutitsani, dokotala wanu angakulangizeni opaleshoni kuti achichotse. Popeza zotupazi zimakula m'chimake mozungulira mitsempha, nthawi zambiri chotupacho chimatha kuchotsedwa kwathunthu popanda kuwononga mitsempha . Komabe, pazochitika monga 'vestibular schwannoma', pali chiopsezo cha kutaya kumva pambuyo pa opaleshoni.

3. Chithandizo cha Radiation

Izi zimatchedwa stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) . Izi zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito ma radiation ambiri omwe amawunikira bwino kwambiri kuti awononge chotupacho. Zili ngati opaleshoni, koma popanda kugwiritsa ntchito mpeni. Dokotala wanu angakulimbikitseni chithandizochi ngati chotupacho chili pamalo ovuta kapena oopsa oti muchite opaleshoni (mwachitsanzo, pafupi ndi mitsempha yamagazi kapena mitsempha yofunika).

Kodi zinthu zili bwanji mutalandira chithandizo?

Nthawi zambiri, matenda a khansa amakhala abwino kwambiri akatha kulandira chithandizo. Makamaka ngati chotupacho chachotsedwa kwathunthu, mwayi woti chibwererenso ndi wochepa kwambiri.

Komabe, kuchuluka kwa mavuto omwe angachitike pambuyo pa opaleshoni kumadalira zinthu zotsatirazi:

• Ngati chotupacho ndi chachikulu
• Ngati chotupacho chili mkati mwa thupi
• Ngati chotupacho chili pa mitsempha ya ulnar, mitsempha yayikulu m'dzanja

Komabe, zonse, chiyembekezo cha matendawa ndi chabwino kwambiri.

Kodi izi sizingaletsedwe kuti zisachitike?

Mwatsoka, palibe njira yoletsera kuti ma schwannoma asapangidwe, chifukwa monga tanenera kale, nthawi zambiri amapangika mwachisawawa komanso popanda chifukwa chilichonse.

Komabe, ngati mukudziwa kuti wina m'banja mwanu ali ndi vuto la majini monga neurofibromatosis 2 (NF2), ndi bwino kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu za vutoli. Iye akhoza kukuthandizani kuti mukalandire uphungu wa majini.