Dokotala akakuuzani kapena munthu amene mumamudziwa kuti muyenera kuchitidwa opaleshoni ya mtima, mantha akulu omwe amabwera m'maganizo ndi akuti, "Kodi chifuwa changa chidzatsegulidwa?" Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani kwenikweni? Mawu azachipatala a "kutsegula chifuwa" ndi "Sternotomy." Musachite mantha mukamva dzinali, silikuwopsa monga momwe mukuganizira. Tiyeni tikambirane chilichonse mosavuta, kuyambira A mpaka Z.
Mwachidule, kodi Sternotomy ndi chiyani?
Kuchotsa sternotomy ndi njira yomwe imalekanitsa kwakanthawi fupa lathyathyathya pakati pa chifuwa chanu, sternum (fupa la m'mawere), kuti lichitidwe opaleshoni. Taganizirani izi motere: sternum ndi nthiti zilipo kuti ziteteze ziwalo zofunika monga mtima ndi mapapo mkati mwa chifuwa chathu. Zili ngati sefa yomwe imasunga zinthu zamtengo wapatali.
Choncho, vuto la mtima (monga mtsempha wamagazi wotsekeka wopita kumtima) likafunika kukonzedwa mwa opaleshoni, dokotala wa opaleshoniyo ayenera kukhala ndi mwayi wofika pamtima. Panthawiyo, fupa la pachifuwa lotetezali limadulidwa mosamala pakati kenako n’kugawidwa pakati kuti apange njira yopita kumtima. Izi zimatchedwa `Sternotomy`.
Monga momwe chimango cha chitseko chimachotsedwera kwakanthawi kenako n’kulumikizidwanso kuti chinthu chachikulu chilowe m’nyumba, fupa la pachifuwa limeneli limagawidwa pakati kwakanthawi kenako n’kulumikizidwanso pambuyo pa opaleshoni kuti madokotala azitha kufika pamtima mosavuta.
Nthawi zina, m'malo modula sternum yonse, amadula pang'ono (pafupifupi mainchesi 2-3). Izi zimatchedwa `mini-sternumotomy`.
Kodi opaleshoni ya sternotomy ndi opaleshoni yaikulu?
Inde, opaleshoni imeneyi imaonedwa ngati opaleshoni yaikulu. Chifukwa chachikulu n’chakuti zimatenga pafupifupi milungu 8, kapena miyezi iwiri, kuti sternum ichire bwino. Komanso, sternotomy nthawi zambiri imachitika ngati opaleshoni yotsegula mtima, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti imakonzekera opaleshoni yaikulu monga opaleshoni yotsegula mtima, kotero mukachita opaleshoni zonsezi pamodzi, imakhala opaleshoni yaikulu. Koma kumbukirani, opaleshoni imeneyi ndi yofala kwambiri komanso yopambana yomwe imachitidwa ndi madokotala a opaleshoni ya mtima padziko lonse lapansi.
Kodi opaleshoniyi imachitidwa bwanji? Gawo ndi Gawo
Ndizachibadwa kumva mantha mukaganizira za opaleshoni ngati iyi. Koma mantha amenewo amachepa kwambiri mukadziwa bwino zomwe zichitike. Umu ndi momwe opaleshoniyi imachitikira pang'onopang'ono.
| Masitepe | Chikuchitika ndi chiyani? |
|---|---|
| 1. Kukonzekera | Mudzapatsidwa mankhwala oletsa ululu mokwanira, kotero simudzamva kupweteka kulikonse. Kenako, khungu pachifuwa chanu lidzatsukidwa bwino ndipo tsitsi lidzachotsedwa ngati pakufunika kutero. |
| 2. Kucheka khungu | Dokotala wa opaleshoni adzadula khungu la chifuwa chanu la mainchesi 6, kuyambira pakati pa mafupa anu a m'khosi kupita pansi. |
| 3. Kucheka kwa sternum | Pogwiritsa ntchito sose yapadera yachipatala (`sose yakunja`), fupa la pachifuwa limagawidwa mosamala kwambiri komanso molondola pakati. |
| 4. Kupangira malo mtima | Chipangizo chapadera (chotchedwa "retractor") chimayikidwa ndipo zidutswa ziwiri za mafupa zolekanitsidwa zimasunthidwa m'mbali, ndikupanga malo kuti mtima uwonekere bwino. |
| 5. Kuchita opaleshoni yaikulu | Apa ndi pamene opaleshoni ya mtima kapena chiwalo chogwirizana nacho (monga opaleshoni ya bypass, kusintha ma valve) imachitika. |
| 6. Kumangiriranso kwa sternum | Opaleshoni ikatha, sternum yolekanitsidwa imabwezeretsedwanso pamodzi ndikumangidwa ndi mawaya achitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri pafupifupi 8 mpaka 12 (mawaya a sternotomy). |
| 7. Kusoka bala | Pomaliza, minofu ndi khungu lamkati zimasokedwa, bala limatsekedwa, ndipo mafuta amapakidwa kuti ateteze matenda. |
Kodi mungayembekezere chiyani mutachita opaleshoni?
Pambuyo pa opaleshoni, muyenera kukhala m'chipinda chosamalira odwala kwambiri (ICU) cha chipatalacho kwa masiku angapo. Kenako mudzasamutsidwira ku chipinda chogona chachizolowezi.
Nthawi yochira ndi zinthu zomwe muyenera kudziwa
- Nthawi yochira:Zimatenga pafupifupi miyezi iwiri kuti sternum ichire bwino. Muyenera kusamala kwambiri panthawiyi.
- Ululu: Ndizachibadwa kumva ululu pambuyo pa opaleshoni. Komabe, anthu ambiri amatha kuchepetsa ululu pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochepetsa ululu monga `Paracetamol`. Ngati muli ndi ululu wosapiririka, uzani dokotala kapena namwino wanu.
- Kunyamula zolemera: Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri . M'miyezi iwiri yoyambirira, musanyamule zolemera zoposa 4-5 kg . Mwachidule, si bwino kunyamula mkaka woposa malita 4-5.
- Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito manja anu: Mukanyamula chinthu, gwiritsani ntchito manja onse awiri. Komanso, nyamulani ndi manja onse awiri pafupi ndi thupi lanu. Pewani kunyamula zolemera ndi dzanja limodzi kapena kukankha zitseko.
- Kutsokomola ndi kuyetsemula: Mukatsokomola, kuyetsemula, kapena kuseka, ikani pilo kapena mkono wopindidwa pachifuwa chanu. Izi zichepetsa kupanikizika kwa sternum yanu ndikuchepetsa ululu.
- Kuyendetsa Galimoto: Nthawi zambiri mudzatha kuyendetsanso galimoto pakatha mwezi umodzi kapena iwiri, koma ndi bwino kufunsa dokotala wanu kuti atsimikizire.
Zizindikiro zochenjeza kuti muyenera kupita kwa dokotala
Mukapita kunyumba, ndikofunikira kwambiri kusamala bala lanu ndi thupi lanu. Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi, imbani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo , kapena pitani kuchipatala komwe mudalandira chithandizo.
- Kusintha kwa mafupa a m'mawere: Ngati mukumva ngati mafupa a m'mawere anu akusuntha, kapena ngati mukumva kapena kumva phokoso la 'click' kapena 'click'.
- Kuwonjezeka kwa ululu: Ululu uyenera kuchepa pang'onopang'ono pamene bala likuchira. Koma ngati ululuwo ukuwonjezeka mwadzidzidzi.
- Kutuluka kwa madzi m'bala: Ngati bala likutuluka madzi achikasu, obiriwira, kapena onunkhira ngati mafinya.
- Kutupa ndi kufiira: Ngati malo ozungulira bala ndi ofiira kwambiri, otupa, ndipo akumva kutentha akakhudza.
- Malungo: Ngati pali malungo m'thupi.
Zizindikiro zimenezi zingasonyeze kuti balalo lili ndi kachilombo kapena fupa silikuchira bwino. Choncho musanyalanyaze.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Kuchotsa sternotomy ndi njira yodziwika bwino komanso yotetezeka yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito popereka malo ochitira opaleshoni ya mtima. Musachite mantha.
- Zimatenga pafupifupi miyezi iwiri kuti sternum yodulidwa ichiritse. Panthawiyi, pewani kunyamula zinthu zolemera kapena kupsinjika thupi lanu mwanjira iliyonse.
- Tsatirani malangizo a dokotala wanu mosamala, makamaka okhudza kunyamula zolemera ndi kuteteza chifuwa chanu.
- Ngati bala liyamba kupweteka, limapanga phokoso lachilendo, kapena lili ndi zizindikiro monga kutuluka mafinya, funsani dokotala nthawi yomweyo.
- Ngati muli ndi mafunso okhudza opaleshoni iyi, musaope kufunsa dokotala wanu. Ndi ufulu wanu.
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