"Shuga" ndi mawu ofala kwambiri pakati pa anthu ambiri m'dziko lathu. Mwina dokotala wauza wachibale, mnzanu, kapena inu kuti, "Muli ndi matenda a shuga." Ndizachilendo kumva mantha pang'ono panthawiyo. Koma ngati mukumvetsa bwino izi, mutha kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi ndi matendawa. Ngakhale pali mitundu ingapo yayikulu ya matenda a shuga, mtundu wofala kwambiri pakati pa akuluakulu ndi Matenda a Shuga a Mtundu wa 2. Ndicho chimene tikukamba lero.
Mwachidule, kodi matenda a shuga a mtundu wa 2 ndi chiyani?
Chabwino, tiyeni tinene mwachidule. Chakudya chomwe timadya, makamaka chomwe chili ndi chakudya chotchedwa carbohydrates (starch), chimapatsa matupi athu mphamvu monga mtundu wa shuga wotchedwa glucose . Shuga uyu akalowa m'magazi mwathu, amalowa m'maselo a thupi lathu ndipo amakhala mphamvu. Monga mafuta a galimoto yathu, shuga ndi amene amapatsa mphamvu maselo a thupi lathu.
Tsopano, kuti titumize shuga uyu m'maselo, tikufunika 'kiyi'. Kiyi imeneyo ndi yomwe timaitcha kuti insulin . Insulin ndi mahomoni opangidwa ndi kapamba wathu.
Zinthu ziwiri zazikulu zimachitika m'thupi la munthu yemwe ali ndi matenda a shuga amtundu wa 2:
1. Kukana kwa Insulin: Maselo a thupi, monga chitseko chozizira, sayankha bwino ku kiyi yotchedwa insulin. Izi zimapangitsa kuti shuga isalowe m'maselo.
2. Kusowa kwa insulin: Pakapita nthawi, kapamba amatopa chifukwa chokwaniritsa kufunikira kumeneku, ndipo kuchuluka kwa insulin komwe amapanga kumakhala kosakwanira.
Pazifukwa ziwirizi, shuga, yomwe singalowe m'maselo, imayamba kusonkhana m'magazi. Ndicho chimene timatcha "shuga wambiri m'magazi." Ngati vutoli lipitirira kwa nthawi yayitali, lingakhudze thupi lathu lonse.
Kodi inunso muli ndi zizindikiro izi?
Choopsa kwambiri pa matenda a shuga a mtundu wa 2 n’chakuti nthawi zina sasonyeza zizindikiro zilizonse kumayambiriro. Anthu ena ali ndi zizindikiro, koma zimakhala zosaonekera kwambiri moti sizimaonekera. Komabe, ngati muli ndi chimodzi kapena zingapo mwa zizindikiro zotsatirazi, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuonana ndi dokotala wanu kuti akupatseni upangiri.
| Chizindikiro | Kufotokozera Kosavuta |
|---|---|
| Ludzu ndi kukodza pafupipafupi | Pamene impso zikuyesera kutulutsa shuga wochuluka m'magazi kudzera mu mkodzo, kuchuluka kwa mkodzo kumawonjezeka. Nthawi yomweyo, ludzu limawonjezeka pamene madzi akutuluka m'thupi. |
| Kumva njala kuposa masiku onse | Popeza shuga salowa m'maselo, thupi sililandira mphamvu zomwe limafunikira. Choncho ubongo umalandira zizindikiro zoti "udye kwambiri." |
| Kutopa mwadzidzidzi ndi kutopa | Chifukwa maselo salandira mphamvu (shuga), thupi limakhala lofooka komanso lotopa. |
| Maso osawoneka bwino | Kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kungayambitse kusintha kwa mawonekedwe a lenzi ya diso. Izi zitha kukhala zakanthawi kapena zingakhale chiyambi cha kuwonongeka kwa nthawi yayitali. |
| Kusanza kapena kumva kuwawa m'miyendo | Kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kwa nthawi yayitali kungayambitse kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha. Izi zimatchedwa ``Diabetic Neuropathy''. |
| Kuchira kwa bala mochedwa | Kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kungasokoneze kuyenda kwa magazi ndikufooketsa chitetezo cha mthupi, zomwe zingachedwetse kuchira kwa mabala. |
| Kuchepetsa thupi mosadziwa | Ngati shuga sangagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati mphamvu, thupi limayamba kuyaka minofu ndi mafuta, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti thupi lichepe. |
| Matenda obwera pafupipafupi (makamaka mkodzo ndi khungu) | Shuga ndi malo abwino oberekera mabakiteriya ndi bowa, ndipo chitetezo chamthupi chofooka chimatipangitsa kukhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda. |
| Madontho akuda pakhungu (khosi, m'khwapa) | Matendawa timawatcha ``Acanthosis Nigricans.`` Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa zizindikiro za kukana insulin. |
Kodi matenda a shuga amakhudza bwanji ziwalo zina za thupi lathu?
Apa ndi pomwe tonsefe tiyenera kuyang'ana kwambiri. Matenda a shuga si vuto la kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kokha. Kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kosalamulirika kwa nthawi yayitali kumabweretsa kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa mitsempha yathu yamagazi. Monga chitoliro chachitsulo chomwe chimadziunjikira dzimbiri, mitsempha yathu yamagazi imayamba kuwonongeka pang'onopang'ono kuchokera mkati kupita kunja.
Matenda a shuga si matenda okhawo omwe amakhudza kuchepetsa shuga m'magazi, komanso ndi matenda omwe amafunikira kuti muganizire zoteteza mtima wanu, maso, impso, ndi mitsempha.
Mavuto akuluakulu omwe angachitike chifukwa cha izi ndi awa:
- Matenda a Mtima ndi Stroke: Munthu amene ali ndi matenda a shuga amakhala ndi mwayi wowirikiza kawiri wodwala matenda a mtima kapena sitiroko poyerekeza ndi munthu amene alibe matenda a shuga. Ndipotu, matenda a mtima ndi omwe amachititsa imfa zambiri mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga.
- Matenda a Impso: Mitsempha yofewa ya magazi m'impso zathu yomwe imasefa magazi athu imatha kuwonongeka, ndipo pakapita nthawi, impso zimatha kulephera kugwira ntchito.
- Kutaya Maso: Kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha yamagazi yomwe imapereka retina ya diso kungayambitse kutayika kwa masomphenya ndipo pamapeto pake khungu.
- Kuwonongeka kwa Mitsempha: Kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha, makamaka m'mapazi, kungayambitse dzanzi, kutupa, komanso kutayika kwa kumverera. Izi zingayambitse mabala pamapazi omwe samadziwika, amatupa, komanso matenda oopsa.
Ndiye tingatani kuti tithetse vutoli?
Izi zingakuchititseni mantha. Koma nkhani yabwino ndi yakuti tikhoza kupewa kapena kuchedwetsa mavuto onsewa . Chomwe muyenera kuchita ndikulamulira bwino matenda anu a shuga. Si chinthu chomwe mungachite nokha. Ndi mgwirizano pakati pa inu ndi dokotala wanu.
Pali zinthu zingapo zofunika kuziganizira:
- Zakudya zabwino: Chepetsani shuga, ufa, ndi zakudya zamafuta ndipo idyani ndiwo zamasamba, zipatso, nyemba, ndi tirigu wambiri. Mutha kufunsa upangiri kwa dokotala wanu kapena katswiri wa zakudya pankhaniyi.
- Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse: Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi osavuta, monga kuyenda mwachangu, kwa mphindi zosachepera 30 patsiku, masiku 5 pa sabata.
- Mankhwala olembedwa ndi dokotala:Ndikofunikira kumwa mankhwala omwe dokotala wanu wakupatsani, panthawi yoyenera, mu mlingo woyenera. Musasiye kumwa mankhwala anu kapena kusintha mlingo popanda upangiri wa dokotala wanu.
- Kuyezetsa magazi pafupipafupi: Pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yake ndipo muyeze shuga m'magazi mwanu, kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'thupi, kuthamanga kwa magazi, ndi zina zotero. Ndikofunikanso kuti maso ndi mapazi anu aziyezetsa kamodzi pachaka.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Matenda a shuga amtundu wachiwiri ndi matenda omwe shuga m'magazi amakwera chifukwa thupi silingathe kugwiritsa ntchito bwino insulin ya mahomoni.
- Dziwani zizindikiro monga ludzu lobwerezabwereza, kukodza pafupipafupi, kutopa, komanso kusawona bwino. Musanyalanyaze izi.
- Matenda a shuga osalamulirika angawononge kwambiri mtima wanu, impso, maso, ndi mitsempha.
- Mwa kugwira ntchito limodzi ndi dokotala wanu, mutha kuwongolera vutoli bwino mwa kusintha moyo wanu (zakudya, masewera olimbitsa thupi) komanso kumwa mankhwala olembedwa ndi dokotala.
- Matenda a shuga si chilango cha imfa. Ngati mutachita bwino, nanunso mutha kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi komanso wodzaza ndi thanzi labwino.
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