Ngati muli ndi matenda a shuga, muyenera kuganizira mozama za thanzi la mtima wanu, impso, ndi ubongo. Chifukwa matenda a shuga amakupangitsani kukhala ndi matenda oopsa otchedwa sitiroko kawiri kuposa munthu wopanda matendawo. Koma musadandaule. Ndi moyo wathanzi komanso chithandizo choyenera, titha kuwongolera chiopsezochi kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, tiyeni tikambirane izi mosavuta.
Kodi sitiroko kwenikweni ndi chiyani?
Mwachidule, sitiroko ndi kusokoneza kwa magazi kupita ku ubongo. Taganizirani izi ngati njira ya mapaipi omwe amapopera madzi kupita ku ubongo wathu. Mitsempha yamagazi iyi imapatsa maselo a ubongo mpweya ndi michere yomwe amafunikira kuti akhale ndi moyo. Chomwe chimachitika pa sitiroko ndichakuti imodzi mwa mitsempha yamagazi iyi imatsekedwa mwadzidzidzi kapena kuwonongeka. Ngati magazi kupita ku gawo la ubongo ayima kwa mphindi zoposa 3-4, maselo omwe ali mu gawolo amayamba kufa. Ichi ndi chomwe chimapangitsa kuti ntchito zosiyanasiyana m'thupi zitayike.
Pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya sitiroko:
- Ischemic Stroke: Mtundu uwu ndi wofala kwambiri. Umachitika pamene mtsempha wamagazi wopereka magazi ku ubongo watsekedwa ndi magazi kuundana.
- Matenda a Hemorrhagic Stroke: Izi zimachitika pamene mtsempha wamagazi muubongo waphulika ndikutuluka magazi muubongo.
Munthu wodwala matenda a shuga akagwidwa ndi sitiroko, mphamvu ya thupi yoyankha nayonso imachepa. Nthawi zambiri, ngati mtsempha umodzi wamagazi watsekedwa, thupi limayesetsa kupereka magazi ku ubongo kudzera m'mitsempha ina yamagazi yomwe imakhala ngati kupitirira malire. Koma ndi matenda a shuga, ngakhale mitsempha yowonjezera yamagaziyo imatha kuchepetsedwa ndikukhuthala pakapita nthawi ndi mafuta osungidwa (plaque). Mu zamankhwala, timatcha izi "Atherosclerosis" . Zili ngati dzimbiri lomwe limapangika mkati mwa chitoliro chamadzi. Kenako kuyenda kwa magazi kofunikira kumeneko kumatsekedwa kwambiri.
Kodi zifukwa zazikulu za sitiroko ndi ziti?
Chinthu chachikulu chomwe chimayambitsa sitiroko ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi . Kuphatikiza apo, zinthu zotsatirazi zimawonjezeranso chiopsezo:
- Kusuta fodya.
- Kuchuluka kwa cholesterol yoyipa m'magazi (Cholesterol Yokwera ya LDL).
- Matenda a shuga osalamulirika.
- Matenda a mtima.
Samalani kwambiri ndi zizindikiro izi!
Kaya muli ndi matenda a shuga kapena ayi, sitiroko ndi vuto lachipatala. Ngati inu kapena munthu amene mumamudziwa ali ndi zizindikiro izi, muyenera kupita ku dipatimenti yazadzidzidzi ya chipatala (ETU) mwachangu . Nthawi ndi yofunika kwambiri.
| Chizindikiro chadzidzidzi | Kodi mukumvetsa bwanji? |
|---|---|
| Kusanza kapena kufooka | Kufooka mwadzidzidzi kwa nkhope, mkono, kapena mwendo (makamaka mbali imodzi ya thupi). |
| Kuvuta kulankhula | Mawu amasokonezeka, ndipo simungathe kumvetsa kapena kulankhula ngakhale chiganizo chosavuta. |
| Zofooka za maso | Masomphenya m'diso limodzi kapena onse awiri amasanduka amdima mwadzidzidzi kapena kutayika. |
| Kuvuta kumeza | Mwadzidzidzi simungathe kumeza kanthu. |
| Chizungulire, kutayika kwa thanzi | Chizungulire chadzidzidzi, kutayika bwino kwa malo oyenda komanso chiopsezo chogwa. |
| Kufa ziwalo | Mwadzidzidzi, simungathe kusuntha gawo la thupi lanu, mwachitsanzo, mkono kapena mwendo. |
| Mutu waukulu | Mutu waukulu komanso wopweteka kwambiri, popanda chifukwa chomveka, womwe simunakumanepo nawo m'moyo wanu. |
Kodi mankhwala ake ndi otani?
Pa sitiroko ya ischemic, ndiko kuti, sitiroko yomwe imayamba chifukwa cha magazi kuundana, chithandizo chachikulu ndi mankhwala osungunula magazi otchedwa `(tPA).` Koma izi ziyenera kuperekedwa mkati mwa maola 3-4.5 oyamba zizindikiro zitayamba . Ndicho chifukwa chake timati tipite ku ETU nthawi yomweyo. Koma mankhwalawa sangaperekedwe kwa aliyense. Saperekedwa kwa anthu omwe angochitidwa opaleshoni yayikulu posachedwapa kapena omwe avulala mutu.
Kuphatikiza apo, pali njira zina zochiritsira:
- Kuchotsa Carotid Endarterectomy: Iyi ndi opaleshoni yomwe imachotsa mafuta omwe ali mkati mwa mtsempha wa carotid, womwe ndi mtsempha waukulu womwe umapatsa magazi ku ubongo.
- Kutsegula kwa Carotid Angioplasty ndi Kutsegula kwa Mtsempha: Mu njirayi, chipangizo chonga baluni chimayikidwa kudzera mu chubu chopyapyala mu mtsempha wamagazi wotsekedwa, ndikuchidzaza kuti chikule. Kenako stent yonga mesh imayikidwa kuti iteteze mtsempha kuti usapapatizenso.
- Njira Zina: Kwa odwala ena, zipangizo zapadera monga Merci Retrieval System ndi Penumbra System tsopano zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kuchotsa magazi oundana.
Dokotala wanu adzasankha chithandizo choyenera kwambiri kwa inu.
Kodi mumapulumuka bwanji matenda a sitiroko?
Pali zinthu zambiri zomwe mungachite kuti mupewe sitiroko ngati muli ndi matenda a shuga. Kugwiritsa ntchito izi m'moyo wanu ndiye njira yabwino kwambiri yodzitetezera.
| Zoyenera kutsatira | N’chifukwa chiyani zimenezo n’zofunika? |
|---|---|
| Pewani kusuta fodya kotheratu. | Kusuta fodya kumawononga mitsempha yamagazi ndipo kumawonjezera kwambiri chiopsezo cha sitiroko. |
| Lamulirani kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. | Kulamulira bwino matenda a shuga kungachepetse kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha yamagazi. |
| Khalani ndi kulemera koyenera. | Kulemera kwambiri kumayambitsa kuthamanga kwa magazi, cholesterol, ndi matenda a shuga. |
| Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse. | Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwa mphindi zosachepera 30 patsiku, masiku 5 pa sabata, kumalimbitsa mtima ndi mitsempha yamagazi. |
| Yesani kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'thupi. | Yesetsani kuti mulingo wa LDL (woipa) cholesterol ukhale pansi pa 70 mg/dl. Dokotala wanu adzakulangizani pa izi. |
| Chepetsani kumwa mowa. | Ndikoyenera kuti akazi asamwe zakumwa zopitirira kamodzi patsiku, ndipo amuna asamwe zakumwa zopitirira ziwiri. |
| Yesani kuthamanga kwa magazi anu nthawi zonse. | Ngati kuthamanga kwa magazi anu kuli kokwera, tsatirani malangizo a dokotala wanu kuti muchepetse kuthamanga kwa magazi. |
| Imwani mankhwalawo monga momwe dokotala wanenera. | Ndikofunikira kumwa mankhwala omwe dokotala wanu wakupatsani (monga aspirin, mankhwala ochepetsa mafuta m'thupi) monga mwalangizidwira. Musayambe kapena kusiya kumwa mankhwala popanda upangiri wa dokotala. |
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Kukhala ndi matenda a shuga kumawonjezera kwambiri chiopsezo cha sitiroko.
- Ndikofunikira kwambiri kupita ku Dipatimenti Yoona za Zadzidzidzi (ETU) ya chipatala mwamsanga ngati muwona zizindikiro zilizonse zadzidzidzi, monga dzanzi/kutayika kwa chidziwitso mbali imodzi ya thupi kapena kuvutika kulankhula.
- Njira yabwino yopewera sitiroko ndiyo kusunga shuga m'magazi, kuthamanga kwa magazi, ndi cholesterol m'thupi.
- Kusiya kusuta fodya, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse, komanso kudya zakudya zabwino kungakuthandizeni kupulumutsa moyo wanu.
- Nthawi zonse lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu ndipo tsatirani malangizo ake okhudza chithandizo ndi kusintha kwa moyo wanu.
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