Kodi inunso muli ndi vuto la ziwengo zosasangalatsazi? Tiyeni tikambirane mwachidule! | Nirogi Lanka

Kodi mumapezapo kuyabwa popanda chifukwa chomveka? Kodi mumayetsemula pafupipafupi, kapena mwina mumavutika kupuma mutadya zakudya zina? Zizindikiro izi zitha kukhala zizindikiro za 'allergy ( Allergies )'. Lero, tiyeni tifufuze kuti ziwengo ndi chiyani, chifukwa chake zimachitika, momwe tingazizindikire, komanso zomwe mungachite nazo. Musadandaule; mukadziwa bwino, mutha kuthana ndi zizindikiro zambirizi nokha.

Kodi `Allergies` kwenikweni ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, ziwengo ndi mkhalidwe womwe chitetezo cha thupi lanu— 'chitetezo cha mthupi' — chimachita zinthu mopitirira muyeso ku zinthu zomwe nthawi zambiri sizili zoopsa, n’kuziona ngati zoopsa. Ganizirani ntchito yaikulu ya 'chitetezo cha mthupi' lanu ngati kukutetezani mwa kulimbana ndi majeremusi oopsa omwe amayambitsa matenda. Komabe, mwa munthu amene ali ndi ziwengo, dongosololi molakwika limazindikira zinthu zina ngati "ziwopsezo."

Izi zikachitika, thupi lanu limatulutsa mankhwala ambiri, monga `histamine`. Zinthu zopanda vuto zimenezi zimadziwika kuti `allergens` . Zitsanzo zodziwika bwino ndi zakudya zina (monga mtedza kapena mkaka), fumbi la panyumba, mungu wa zomera, kapena mankhwala enaake.

Kodi chimachitika n’chiyani m’thupi lanu mukakumana ndi vuto la ziwengo?

Tiyeni tiwone zomwe zimachitika mthupi. Pamene 'chitetezo cha mthupi' chanu chikukumana ndi vuto la allergen, chimapanga mapuloteni enaake otchedwa ' IgE antibodies' . 'Ma antibodies' amenewa amauza maselo ena m'thupi lanu (makamaka 'mast cells ( mast cells )`) kuti ayambe kugwira ntchito, ngati kuti akunena kuti, "Mdani wafika!"

Maselo amenewo amatulutsa mankhwala osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo `histamine`, m'magazi mwanu. Mankhwalawa amakhudza maso anu, mphuno, pakhosi , mapapo, khungu, kapena 'm'mimba mwanu', zomwe zimayambitsa zizindikiro za ziwengo. Zingayambe ngati kufiira mwadzidzidzi kapena kuyabwa m'maso mwanu, kapena kuyetsemula kosalekeza—ndiko kuti thupi lanu likuchitapo kanthu.

Chofunika kwambiri, nthawi iliyonse mukakumananso ndi 'allergen' imeneyo, yankho la ma antibodies limayamba. Izi zikutanthauza kuti nthawi iliyonse mukakumana ndi chinthu chomwe chimakupatsani vuto la ziwengo, mutha kukumana ndi zizindikiro.

Kodi zizindikiro za ziwengo ndi ziti?

Zizindikiro za ziwengo zimasiyana kwambiri. Zimasiyana kuchokera kwa munthu ndi munthu ndipo zimatha kusintha ngakhale kwa munthu yemweyo nthawi zosiyanasiyana.

• Zochita zochepa: Nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi zizindikiro zazing'ono monga:
• Ziphuphu zazing'ono pakhungu (zotchedwa `hives`).
• Mphuno yotuluka madzi kapena yotsekeka.
• Maso ofiira, ofiira, kapena odzaza ndi madzi.
• Kukuyabwa pakhosi.
• Zochitika Zoopsa: Nthawi zina, zochitikazo zimatha kukhala zolimba kwambiri ndikukhudza ziwalo zingapo za thupi lanu.

Ziwengo zina zingayambitse matenda oopsa komanso oopsa omwe amaika moyo pachiswe otchedwa `anaphylaxis` . Izi ndi zadzidzidzi zachipatala!

`Anaphylaxis` ingayambe ndi zizindikiro zazing'ono koma ingapitirire mofulumira mkati mwa mphindi zochepa.

• Kuvuta kupuma kapena kulimba pachifuwa.
• Kutupa kwa pakhosi.
• Kuvuta kulankhula.
• Chizungulire kapena kukomoka.
• Kufiira kwa khungu kapena mabala ofiira.
• Kupweteka m'mimba, kusanza, kapena kutsegula m'mimba.

Ngati mukuona zizindikiro za `anaphylaxis`, funani thandizo lachipatala mwamsanga poyimbira 911 kapena ogwira ntchito zadzidzidzi m'dera lanu. Musazengereze.

N’chifukwa chiyani anthu ena amakhala ndi ziwengo?

Kawirikawiri, chizolowezi chokhala ndi ziwengo chimakhala cha majini . Ngati makolo anu kapena abale anu ali ndi ziwengo, muli ndi mwayi waukulu woti nawonso adwale ziwengo. Komabe, izi sizikutanthauza kuti nanunso mudzakhala ndi ziwengo zomwezo; zimangotanthauza kuti muli ndi vuto lalikulu la ziwengo. Kuphatikiza apo, mutha kukhala ndi ziwengo ngakhale palibe wina m'banja mwanu amene ali nazo.

Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimayambitsa allergen zomwe zimafala kwambiri?

1. Ziwengo Zobwera ndi Mpweya

Izi zimapumidwa m'thupi lanu.

• Nthata za fumbi: Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tomwe timapezeka mu fumbi la m'nyumba, matiresi, mapilo, ndi 'makapeti'.
• Utoto: Wochokera ku mitengo, maluwa, ndi udzu. Izi zimapezeka makamaka nthawi zina, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimatchedwa 'hay fever'.
• Nkhungu: Zimapezeka m'malo onyowa monga m'bafa, m'makhitchini, kapena m'makoma onyowa.
• Ziweto: Ziweto zomwe zimataya khungu, malovu, kapena ubweya wake (maselo a khungu, malovu, kapena ubweya wake) kuchokera kwa amphaka ndi agalu.
• Mapete: Zitosi ndi ziwalo za thupi.

2. Matenda a Chifuwa

Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa, makamaka kwa ana ndi achinyamata, ndi izi:

• Mkaka wa ng'ombe (kapena mapuloteni a mkaka).
• Mazira.
• Nsomba.
• 'Nsomba ya Shellfish' (monga shrimp, nkhanu, squid).
• `Mtedza`.
• `Mtedza wa mitengo` (monga ma cashew, amondi, walnuts).
• Soya.
• Tirigu.
• Sesame.

3. Matenda Ena Ofala a Chifuwa

• `Ziwengo zoluma ndi tizilombo`: Ululu wochokera ku njuchi, mavu, kapena mavu ungayambitse zotsatirapo zoopsa, kuphatikizapo `anaphylaxis`.
• `Mankhwala`: `Maantibayotiki` (monga `penicillin`) ndi omwe amayambitsa matenda. Komabe, mankhwala ochepetsa ululu, mankhwala oletsa khunyu, komanso mankhwala ogulitsidwa mu sitolo angayambitse matenda osiyanasiyana.
• `Makemikolo`: Zodzoladzola, `zotsukira zovala`, ndi sopo zingayambitse `mabala`. Zina zomwe zimayambitsa ndi `utoto` wa tsitsi, `zotsukira m'nyumba`, `mankhwala ophera tizilombo`, ndi zinthu za `latex` monga magolovesi azachipatala.

Kodi mungatsimikizire bwanji ngati muli ndi vuto la ziwengo?

Ngati nthawi zambiri mumakhala ndi zizindikiro za ziwengo, njira yabwino ndiyo kufunsa dokotala. Mukakambirana za zizindikiro zanu, ngati dokotala akukayikira kuti muli ndi ziwengo, adzakutumizani kwa katswiri (katswiri wa ziwengo kapena katswiri wa chitetezo chamthupi) .

Katswiri wanu adzakufunsani mafunso atsatanetsatane okhudza zizindikiro zanu—monga nthawi yomwe zimachitika, kangati, komanso nthawi yomwe mwakhala nazo—ndipo adzakufunsani za mbiri ya matenda a m'banja mwanu. Kenako angakulangizeni mayeso enaake kuti atsimikizire matendawa.

• Kuyesa Kubaya Khungu: Pa nthawi yoyezetsayi, khungu lanu limayikidwa pang'ono la zinthu zomwe zikuganiziridwa kuti ndi zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa, ndipo pamwamba pake pamabayidwa pang'onopang'ono. Ngati muyamba kufiira kapena kutupa mkati mwa mphindi 15-20, zimasonyeza kuti mungakhale ndi vuto la matendawa.
• Kuyezetsa Magazi: Chitsanzo cha magazi anu chimafufuzidwa kuti chione ngati chili ndi ma antibodies enieni a IgE omwe amapangidwa poyankha zinthu zinazake zomwe zimayambitsa ziwengo.

Dokotala wanu adzasankha mayeso oyenera kwambiri kutengera zomwe mukuganiza kuti muli ndi ziwengo.

Kodi ziwengo zimachiritsidwa bwanji?

Ngakhale pakadali pano palibe mankhwala athunthu a ziwengo, palibe chifukwa chodera nkhawa. Pali njira zambiri zothandiza zomwe zingakuthandizeni kuthana ndi zizindikiro zanu ndikukhala ndi moyo wabwinobwino komanso wathanzi.

Pali mizati itatu ikuluikulu ya chithandizo:

1. Kupewa: Iyi ndi sitepe yoyamba yofunika kwambiri. Mukadziwa bwino chomwe chimayambitsa ziwengo zanu, kupewa kukhudzana ndi matenda ndiye njira yabwino kwambiri yodzitetezera.

2. Mankhwala: Dokotala wanu akhoza kukupatsani mankhwala osiyanasiyana kuti akuthandizeni kuchepetsa zizindikiro zanu.

3. Chithandizo cha Allergen Immunotherapy (Majakisoni a Allergy): Njira iyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mitundu ina ya ziwengo.

1. Malangizo opewera zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa ziwengo

Kwa iwo omwe ali ndi ziwengo zoopsa, makamaka ziwengo za chakudya, kupewa ziwengo ndi njira yopulumutsira moyo .

• Kwa ziwengo za chakudya:
• Pewani zakudya zomwe muli ndi vuto la ziwengo.
• Werengani mosamala zilembo za zakudya . Yang'anani machenjezo monga akuti “mungakhale ndi tinthu ta mtedza.”
• Mukadya kunja, dziwitsani antchito kapena ophika za vuto lanu la ziwengo.
• Pofuna kupewa zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa ziwengo zomwe zimachitika mumlengalenga:
• Nthata za fumbi:
• Chotsani makapeti ndi makatani olemera m'chipinda chanu chogona.
• Gwiritsani ntchito zophimba zomwe sizingakhudze ziwengo pa matiresi ndi mapilo anu.
• Tsukani zofunda ndi mapilo m'madzi otentha kamodzi pa sabata.
• Ganizirani kugwiritsa ntchito chotsukira mpweya chokhala ndi fyuluta ya HEPA (High-Efficiency Particulate Air) m'chipinda chanu chogona.
• Mungu:
• Tsekani mawindo nthawi ya nyengo ya mungu wambiri (nthawi zambiri m'mawa).
• Sinthani zovala zanu ndi kusamba mutatha kukhala panja.
• Pewani ntchito za m'munda monga kudula udzu kapena kuzula udzu.
• Nkhungu:
• Onetsetsani kuti malo omwe ali ndi chinyezi (zimbudzi, khitchini, zipinda zapansi) ali ndi mpweya wabwino komanso ouma.
• Tsukani malo okhala ndi nkhungu pogwiritsa ntchito njira yoyenera monga bleach.
• Chiweto chopanda dander:
• Sungani ziweto kuti zisalowe m'chipinda chogona.
• Sambitsani chiweto chanu sabata iliyonse (ngati n'kotheka, funsani munthu amene alibe vuto la ziwengo kuti achite izi).

2. Mankhwala a ziwengo

Mapiritsi, ma spray a m'mphuno, ndi madontho a m'maso nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza zizindikiro za ziwengo.

• Mankhwala oletsa kugwidwa ndi histamine: Mankhwalawa amachepetsa ntchito ya histamine pothana ndi zizindikiro monga kutsekula m'mimba, mphuno yotuluka madzi, ndi kuyabwa.
• Mankhwala Ochepetsa Kutsekeka kwa Mphuno: Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pothandiza kuchepetsa kutsekeka kwa mphuno.
• Corticosteroids: Amapezeka ngati ma spray, creams, kapena mapiritsi, awa amathandiza kuchepetsa kutupa komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha ziwengo.

Ngakhale kuti mankhwala amenewa ndi othandiza poletsa zizindikiro, sapereka mankhwala okhalitsa . Dokotala wanu adzagwira nanu ntchito kuti apeze njira yoyenera yothandizira.

Epinephrine yokhudza matenda oopsa (Anaphylaxis)

Anthu ena, makamaka omwe ali ndi vuto la chakudya kapena kulumidwa ndi tizilombo, amatha kukhala ndi vuto lalikulu lomwe limawopseza moyo lotchedwa anaphylaxis. Dokotala wanu angakulembeni epinephrine auto-injector (monga EpiPen). Imeneyi ndi mankhwala osavuta kugwiritsa ntchito komanso opulumutsa moyo omwe angalowe m'chiuno panthawi yadzidzidzi. Dokotala wanu adzakusonyezani momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito. Ndi bwino kukhala ndi ma auto-injection awiri nthawi zonse.

3. Chithandizo cha Allergen Immunotherapy (Majakisoni kapena Mapiritsi a Allergy)

Jakisoni wa ziwengo umaphatikizapo kulandira pang'onopang'ono kuchuluka kwa ziwengo zomwe zimayambitsa ziwengo kudzera mu jakisoni pakapita nthawi. Izi zimathandiza chitetezo cha mthupi lanu kuti chisamavutike kwambiri ndi ziwengozo, zomwe zimagwira ntchito ngati katemera.

Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa ziwengo zomwe zimauluka (mungu, fumbi, nkhungu, dander ya ziweto) komanso kulumidwa ndi tizilombo. Pakadali pano, jakisoni wa ziwengo nthawi zambiri sagwiritsidwa ntchito pa ziwengo za chakudya.

Kuwonjezera pa jakisoni, zinthu zina zomwe zimayambitsa ziwengo (monga mungu wa udzu kapena nthata za fumbi) zimatha kuchiritsidwa ndi sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) , yomwe imaphatikizapo mapiritsi omwe amaikidwa pansi pa lilime. Mankhwalawa nthawi zambiri amatenga zaka zingapo koma amatha kuchepetsa kwambiri zizindikiro ndi kufunikira kwa mankhwala tsiku ndi tsiku.

Maganizo omaliza okhudza kukhala ndi ziwengo

Tsopano popeza mwamvetsa bwino za ziwengo zanu, kumbukirani kuti kukhala ndi moyo wabwino kumayamba ndi kudziwa. Gawo loyamba komanso lofunika kwambiri ndi kupewa zomwe zimayambitsa ziwengo!

"Kupewa ziwengo ndiye njira yabwino kwambiri yodzitetezera komanso chithandizo chachikulu ku Nirogi Lanka!"

• Ngati muli ndi vuto la zakudya , pewani zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa zizindikiro zanu. Nthawi zonse werengani mosamala zilembo za zakudya kuti muwonetsetse kuti palibe zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa ziwengo, ngakhale pang'ono.Nthawi zonse tengani ma epinephrine auto-injection awiri, makamaka ngati muli pachiwopsezo cha anaphylaxis.
• Ngati muli ndi vuto la ziwengo m'malo ozungulira , sungani nyumba yanu kukhala yoyera komanso yopanda fumbi komanso dander ya ziweto. Khalani ndi chidziwitso cha nyengo kuti muwone kuchuluka kwa mungu m'masiku otentha. Kugwiritsa ntchito sopo wochapira zovala wopanda mafuta onunkhira komanso wopanda utoto, zodzoladzola, ndi zinthu zosamalira khungu kungathandizenso kwambiri (yang'anani zinthu zolembedwa kuti 'hypoallergenic,' zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi zosakaniza zochepa zomwe zingayambitse ziwengo).
• Ngati mukumwa mankhwala , tsatirani malangizo a dokotala wanu komanso malangizo olembedwa pa chizindikirocho molondola. Mudziwitseni dokotala wanu za mankhwala aliwonse kapena jakisoni wa chitetezo chamthupi omwe dokotala wanu wa ziwengo wakupatsani.
• Ngati muli ndi vuto lalikulu la ziwengo , ganizirani kuvala chiphaso chadzidzidzi chachipatala, monga chibangili cha MedicAlert kapena kunyamula khadi ladzidzidzi, kuti mupereke chidziwitso chofunikira kwa opereka chithandizo pakagwa mwadzidzidzi.

Ngati mwapezeka ndi vuto la ziwengo, kumbukirani kuti simuli nokha; ena ambiri akulimbana ndi matenda omwewo. Nkhani yabwino ndi yakuti madokotala ndi asayansi akupitilizabe kumvetsetsa bwino za ziwengo, kukonza njira zochizira, ndikufufuza njira zopewera. Khalani ndi chiyembekezo, tsatirani malangizo a dokotala wanu, ndipo mutha kuthana ndi ziwengo zanu bwino ndikukhala moyo wokhutiritsa ndi Nirogi Lanka.

Ziwengo, Kuchuluka kwa mphamvu, Histamine, Ziwengo, Anaphylaxis, Chithandizo, Matenda a Khungu, Ziwengo za Chakudya