Mwina mukudziwa kuti ngati chiwalo chomwe chili m'chifuwa mwanu, monga mtima kapena mapapo, chikudwala, nthawi zina mumafunika opaleshoni kuti muchichiritse. Choncho, panthawi yotereyi, dokotala wa opaleshoni amafunika kulowa m'chifuwa mwanu ndikuyang'ana chiwalocho, kuchiyang'ana, kapena kuchotsa gawo lake. Chimodzi mwa mitundu yayikulu ya opaleshoni yomwe imachitika pamtunduwu ndi chomwe tikulankhula lero, thoracotomy.
Mwachidule, kodi opaleshoni ya thoracotomy ndi chiyani?
Kuchotsa thoracotomy ndi opaleshoni yomwe dokotala wa opaleshoni amadula nthiti ziwiri kuti atsegule chifuwa chanu. Izi zimatsegula chifuwacho ndipo zimathandiza dokotalayo kuwona, kukhudza, kufufuza, ndi kuchiza ziwalo zomwe zili mkati.
Tangoganizirani kuti mukufunika kuchiza chiwalo monga mtima wanu, mtsempha wamagazi, mmero, mapapo, kapena trachea. Nthawi zina opaleshoni iyi imagwiritsidwanso ntchito kufikira kutsogolo kwa msana.
Kuduladula kumeneku nthawi zambiri kumachitidwa kumanzere kapena kumanja kwa chifuwa. Izi zimadalira mbali ya chiwalo chomwe chikufunika kuchiritsidwa. Nthawi zina, nthiti ingafunike kuthyoka kapena kuchotsedwa. Kuduladula kumeneku kumapangidwa kuyambira pachifuwa mpaka kumbuyo pansi pa kwapa. Kukula ndi malo a kuduladulaku zimadalira mtundu wa opaleshoni yomwe mukuchitidwa. Izi zimatchedwanso "opaleshoni yotseguka."
N’chifukwa chiyani munthu angafune opaleshoni yamtunduwu?
Pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe opaleshoni ya thoracotomy ingachitikire. Nthawi zina, imachitika pochotsa chidutswa cha minofu kuti chikayesedwe, chomwe chimatchedwa biopsy, kuti adziwe chomwe chimayambitsa matenda. Imachitikanso ngati chithandizo cha matenda.
Tiyeni tiwone tebulo ili m'munsimu kuti tiwone zifukwa zazikulu zomwe opaleshoniyi ilili.
| Chifukwa cha opaleshoni | Kufotokozera kosavuta |
|---|---|
| Biopsy kuti mudziwe matenda a m'mapapo | Kuti mudziwe vuto lenileni la mapapo, tengani chidutswa cha minofu ndikuchiyang'ana. |
| Kuchotsa khansa ya m'mapapo | Chotsani chotupa cha khansa kapena gawo la mapapo. |
| Matenda a mtima | Chithandizo cha mavuto ena a mtima kapena mitsempha ikuluikulu yamagazi yokhudzana nawo. |
| Mavuto a diaphragm | Thandizani mavuto ena omwe ali mu diaphragm yomwe imalekanitsa chifuwa ndi mimba. |
| Pneumothorax | Mankhwala ophera mpweya wotuluka m'mapapo ndipo amaipitsidwa. |
| Tamponade ya Mtima | Ngati madzi asonkhana mkati mwa thumba lozungulira mtima ndipo akuika mphamvu pa mtima, chotsani. |
| Matenda a m'mero | Chitani khansa ya pakhosi kapena matenda ena. |
| Kutuluka kwa Pleural | Ngati madzi asonkhana mozungulira mapapo, makamaka ndi matenda, chotsani madziwo. |
Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani opaleshoni isanachitike?
Iyi ndi opaleshoni yaikulu ndipo muyenera kuchitidwa opaleshoni ya anesthesia wamba. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kukhala ndi thanzi labwino kuti muzitha kupirira mtundu uwu wa opaleshoni ya anesthesia. Gulu lachipatala lidzakulangizani nthawi yoti musiye kudya ndi kumwa musanachite opaleshoni.
Ndikofunikira kuuza gulu lanu lachipatala za mankhwala aliwonse, mavitamini, kapena zowonjezera zomwe mukumwa, ngakhale zomwe mungagule pa kauntala ku pharmacy. Mankhwala ena, makamaka ochepetsa magazi,Mudzalangizidwa kuti musiye kumwa mankhwalawo msanga kuposa ena.
Pa opaleshoni yopanda ngozi, ngati ndinu wosuta fodya, madokotala adzakulangizani mwamphamvu kuti musiye .
Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani panthawi ya opaleshoni?
Pa opaleshoni, gulu la opaleshoni lidzakutembenuzirani kumbali yoyenera, kuyika mkono umodzi pamwamba pa mutu wanu ndi chogwirira chapadera, ndikuchirikiza mkono wanu wina ndi phewa lanu ndi bulangeti lopindika.
Katswiri wanu wogonetsa ndi katswiri wa opaleshoni ya pachifuwa. Angapange opaleshoni yotchedwa "single lung ventilation." Mwachidule, izi zimaphatikizapo kutseka mapapu kwakanthawi kumbali yomwe ikuchitidwa opaleshoni, zomwe zimakupatsani mwayi wopuma kudzera m'mapapo ena okha. Izi zimapatsa dokotalayo malo ochulukirapo ochitira opaleshoni.
Dokotala wa opaleshoniyo ndiye amadula nthiti ziwiri. Ngati pakufunika kutero, nthiti ingasweke kapena kugawanika. Chipangizo chapadera chomwe chimagwiritsa ntchito kutentha kulowa m'minofu ndi minofu ina chingagwiritsidwenso ntchito. Zipangizo zapadera (zothandizira ndi zofalitsa nthiti) zimayikidwa kuti zipange malo mkati mwa chifuwa kuti ziwone ndikuchiza ziwalo.
Opaleshoni ikatha ndipo kudulako kwatsekedwa, chubu cha pachifuwa chimayikidwa kuti madzi ndi mpweya zomwe zimasonkhana mkati zituluke.
Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani pambuyo pa opaleshoni?
Pambuyo pa opaleshoni, muyenera kukhala m'chipatala kwa pafupifupi sabata imodzi. Chubu cha pachifuwa chidzakhalabe m'malo mwake kwa masiku angapo.
Panthawiyi, gulu lanu lachipatala lidzakulimbikitsani kuti mukhosomole, kugwiritsa ntchito chipangizo chapadera chopumira (spirometer), ndikuyenda pang'ono mothandizidwa . Kuchita izi ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti mapapu anu achire. Zithandizanso kuchepetsa ululu wanu.
Ngati opaleshoni yanu idachitidwa kuti mupeze matenda, dokotala adzakufotokozerani ndikukulangizani zomwe mungachite kenako.
Kodi zoopsa ndi zovuta za opaleshoni iyi ndi ziti?
Monga opaleshoni ina iliyonse, pali zoopsa zomwe zimachitika pochita opaleshoni ya rhinoplasty. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe zili mu tebulo ili m'munsimu.
| Zoopsa zokhudzana ndi opaleshoni | |
|---|---|
| Zoopsa za opaleshoni nthawi yomweyo | |
| Mavuto okhudzana ndi mankhwala oletsa ululu | Zotsatira zoyipa za thupi ku anesthesia wamba. |
| Matenda | Matenda a bala la opaleshoni kapena mkati mwa chifuwa. |
| Kutuluka magazi | Kutuluka magazi ambiri panthawi ya opaleshoni kapena pambuyo pake. |
| Ululu | Ululu waukulu wozungulira chotupa cha opaleshoni ndi nthiti. |
| Mavuto omwe angakhalepo pambuyo pake | |
| Chibayo | Matenda opatsirana m'mapapo (kuwonjezeka kwa chimfine). |
| Atelectasis | Kugwa kwa gawo limodzi kapena angapo a mapapo. |
| Matenda a ululu pambuyo pa thoracotomy | Ululu wautali womwe umapitirira kwa miyezi ingapo pambuyo pa opaleshoni. |
Zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti munthu achire?
Mukhoza kudya bwino mukatha opaleshoni. Komabe, ndi bwino kudya zakudya zokhala ndi ulusi wambiri kuti mupewe kudzimbidwa. Pokhapokha ngati dokotala wanu atakuuzani kuti muchepetse madzi, imwani madzi ambiri.
Imwani mankhwala ochepetsa ululu monga momwe mwalangizidwira. Musasiye kupuma mozama chifukwa cha ululu. Kuchita zimenezi kungayambitse chibayo.
Chofunika kwambiri ndikuwongolera ululu, kupuma bwino, ndi kutsokomola. Izi zingathandize kwambiri kupewa mavuto a m'mapapo.
Mudzafunika kukhala m'chipatala kwa pafupifupi sabata imodzi. Komabe, zingatenge miyezi iwiri kuti mubwerere kuntchito mutachita opaleshoniyi. Funsani gulu lanu la opaleshoni nthawi yomwe mungayambirenso kuchita zinthu monga kugonana, kunyamula zolemera, komanso kusewera masewera.
Ngakhale mutapita kunyumba, muyenera kupitiriza kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi popuma mozama, kutsokomola, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito chipangizo choyezera kuthamanga kwa magazi (spirometer). Dokotala wanu angakulangizeninso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi m'manja ndi m'mapewa anu.
Ndiyenera kukaonananso ndi dokotala liti?
Dokotala wanu adzakuuzani nthawi yomwe muyenera kupitanso kukaonana ndi dokotala. Koma musanayambe izi, ngati muli ndi mafunso kapena nkhawa, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu. Muyeneradi kukaonana ndi dokotala, makamaka ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi:
- Ngati mukumva malungo.
- Ngati bala layamba kutuluka magazi kachiwiri kapena ngati mukutsokomola magazi.
- Ngati mukuvutika kupuma.
- Ngati mukuona mafinya, kutupa, kapena kusintha kwa mtundu wa khungu pamalo odulidwa.
- Ngati ululu umakhala wochuluka kwambiri moti sungathe kuulamulira.
Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa Thoracotomy, Sternotomy ndi Thoracostomy?
Mayina atatuwa ndi ofanana pang'ono, kotero zingakhale zosokoneza. Tiyeni tiwone kusiyana kwake.
| Mtundu wa opaleshoni | Malo odulira ndi cholinga chake |
|---|---|
| Chifuwa chochotsa mimba | Kuchekaku kumachitika pakati pa nthiti ziwiri . Cholinga chake ndikutsegula chifuwa ndikuchiza ziwalo. |
| Kuchotsa mano m'mphuno mwa mwana | Kuchekaku kumachitika kudzera m'fupa la pachifuwa (sternum) pakati pa chifuwa. Fupali limadulidwa pakati ndipo opaleshoniyo imachitika. Njira imeneyi nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa opaleshoni ya mtima. |
| Chifuwa cha m'mimba | Kucheka pang'ono kwambiri kumapangidwa pamenepa. Cholinga chake ndikuyika chubu (chubu cha pachifuwa). Kudzera mu chubuchi, mankhwala amatha kuperekedwa kapena madzi/mpweya womwe umasonkhana mozungulira mapapo ukhoza kuchotsedwa. Kuchekaku ndi kochepa kwambiri kuposa kudula kwa thoracotomy. |
Kodi opaleshoni iyi imapweteka kwambiri?
Inde, opaleshoni ya thoracotomy ndi opaleshoni yopweteka. N’zoona. Ululu umenewu ungayambitse kupuma movutikira, zomwe zingayambitse matenda monga chibayo kapena atelectasis.
Koma musadandaule. Gulu lanu lachipatala lili ndi njira zingapo zothanirana ndi ululuwu. Mankhwala ochepetsa ululu akamwa, mankhwala ochepetsa ululu a m'mitsempha, kapena katheta wa epidural woyikidwa mumsana wanu angakuthandizeni kuthana ndi ululu wanu.
Nthawi zina ululu uwu ukhoza kukhalapo kwa nthawi yayitali. Izi zimatchedwa post-thoracotomy pain syndrome, yomwe tidakambirana kale.
Pomaliza, ngati dokotala wanu akulangizani kuti muchotsedwe thoracotomy, onetsetsani kuti mwakambirana bwino naye za chifukwa cha opaleshoniyi komanso zomwe mungayembekezere. Iyi ndi opaleshoni yayikulu. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti muchiritse mwachangu kuti mutsatire malangizo a dokotalayo, makamaka okhudza kusiya kusuta musanachite opaleshoniyi, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi opumira, komanso kuthana ndi ululu mukatha opaleshoniyi.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Kuchotsa chiwalo cha m'mimba ndi opaleshoni yaikulu, yotseguka yomwe imachitidwa kudzera mu kudula pakati pa nthiti pachifuwa.
- Izi zimachitika pofuna kuchiza ziwalo monga mapapo ndi mtima kapena kuzindikira matenda.
- Tsatirani malangizo a dokotala wanu mosamala musanachite opaleshoni, makamaka pankhani yosiya kusuta.
- Pambuyo pa opaleshoni, kuchepetsa ululu, kukhosomola bwino, ndi kupuma mozama ndikofunikira kuti mupewe mavuto a m'mapapo.
- Nthawi yochira ikhoza kukhala yayitali. Zingatenge miyezi ingapo kuti munthu achire mokwanira, choncho khalani oleza mtima.
- Ngati mukupeza zizindikiro zochenjeza monga kutentha thupi, kupweteka kwambiri, kapena kupuma movutikira, dziwitsani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo.
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