Zomwe muyenera kudziwa zokhudza Chithandizo cha Thrombolytic!

Tangoganizani kuti njira ya mitsempha ya magazi m'thupi lathu ili ngati misewu mumzinda wotanganidwa. Magazi amayenda m'misewu imeneyi mosalekeza kuti adyetse ziwalo zathu zonse, monga mtima wathu, ubongo, ndi mapapo. Ndiye, chimachitika ndi chiyani ngati msewu waukulu uwu, womwe ndi mtsempha wa magazi, watsekedwa mwadzidzidzi ndi magazi ambiri? Monga ngozi yaikulu pamsewu ndi kuchuluka kwa magalimoto, magazi opita ku ziwalo zathu amatha kuyima, zomwe zingayambitse vuto lalikulu monga matenda a mtima kapena sitiroko. Lero, tikulankhula za chithandizo chofunikira kwambiri chomwe madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito kusungunula magazi oundana omwe amaika moyo pachiswe ndikubwezeretsa kuyenda kwa magazi.

Mwachidule, kodi chithandizo cha thrombolytic ndi chiyani?

Izi zikutanthauza 'chithandizo chothetsa magazi' mu Chisinhala. Mwachidule, izi zimaphatikizapo kupereka mankhwala amphamvu kwambiri (thrombolytics) m'thupi kuti asungunule magazi owopsa omwe amamatira m'mitsempha yamagazi. Akangosungunuka magazi, mtsempha wamagazi wotsekedwa umatsegulidwanso ndipo magazi amapita ku chiwalo chokhudzidwacho amabwezeretsedwa. Uwu ndi mankhwala opulumutsa moyo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazochitika zadzidzidzi . Chithandizochi chikayamba msanga, m'pamenenso chimakhala chopambana.

Ndani akufunikira chithandizo ichi ndipo pazochitika ziti?

Madokotala nthawi zambiri amaganizira za chithandizochi pazochitika zazikulu komanso zadzidzidzi monga zotsatirazi.

• Kutupa kwa Myocardial: Pamene magazi oundana amatseka mtsempha wa mtima womwe umapatsa magazi kumtima, makamaka ngati palibe malo oikapo stent kapena opaleshoni yomwe ilipo.
• Ischemic Stroke: Kuvulala kwa mitsempha yamagazi komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha magazi kuundana omwe amatseka mtsempha wamagazi womwe umatumiza magazi ku ubongo.
• Kutupa kwa Mapapo: Pamene magazi oundana omwe amapangika kwina m'thupi (nthawi zambiri m'miyendo) asweka ndipo amalowa m'mitsempha m'mapapo.
• Kutsekeka kwa Mitsempha Yaikulu (DVT): Kutsekeka kwa magazi kwakukulu, makamaka m'mitsempha yakuya ya miyendo, kumayambitsa mavuto monga kuyera kwa miyendo, kupweteka kwambiri, ndipo sikuyankha mankhwala ofala ochepetsa magazi (anticoagulants).
• Kutsekeka kwa Mitsempha Yozungulira: Kuundana kwa magazi kumatseka mtsempha waukulu wamagazi m'dzanja kapena mwendo .

Kodi pali anthu omwe sayenera kulandira chithandizochi?

Inde, ndithudi. Popeza chiopsezo chachikulu cha chithandizochi ndi kutuluka magazi, sichiperekedwa kwa odwala ena. Chifukwa kwa iwo, kuvulaza komwe kumabwera chifukwa cha chithandizochi kungakhale kwakukulu kuposa phindu lake.

Kuphatikiza apo, madokotala amaganiziranso kawiri izi chifukwa amayi apakati ndi okalamba ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha mavuto.

Kodi chithandizochi chimachitidwa bwanji?

Pali njira ziwiri zazikulu zothandizira, kutengera momwe mulili komanso momwe mukufunira thandizo mwachangu.

1. Kuchuluka kwa Thupi (Systemic Thrombolysis)

Iyi ndiyo njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazochitika zadzidzidzi (kudwala mtima, sitiroko).

• Izi zimaphatikizapo kupereka mankhwala osungunula magazi mwachindunji m'magazi kudzera mu kannula ka IV komwe kamayikidwa mumtsempha m'dzanja.
• Mankhwalawa amayenda ndi magazi, amapita pamalo pomwe magazi amaundana, ndipo amayamba kusungunuka.
• Njira imeneyi nthawi zambiri imachitikira mu chipinda chosamalira odwala kwambiri (ICU) . Njira yonseyi imatha kutenga pafupifupi ola limodzi.

2. Thrombolysis yotsogozedwa ndi Catheter

Njira imeneyi nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mankhwala omwe adakonzedweratu monga DVT kapena PAD.

• Mu njira imeneyi, dzenje laling'ono limapangidwa kudzera pakhungu la m'mimba, pakhosi, kapena padzanja, ndipo chubu chopyapyala kwambiri chotchedwa catheter chimalowetsedwa kudzera m'mitsempha yamagazi.
• Pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wofanana ndi X-ray, nsonga ya catheter iyi imalunjika bwino komwe magazi adaundana.
• Kenako, mankhwalawa amalowetsedwa mwachindunji mu magazi oundana kudzera mu catheter. Nthawi zina, chipangizo chapadera kumapeto kwa catheter chingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuswa magazi oundana (mechanical thrombectomy).
• Njira imeneyi ingatenge maola 48 (masiku awiri) kuti magazi oundana asungunuke kwathunthu. Panthawiyi, mudzasungidwa kuchipatala ndikuyang'aniridwa ndi gulu lachipatala.

Kodi zoopsa ndi zovuta za chithandizo ndi ziti?

Monga momwe zilili ndi chithandizo chilichonse chamankhwala, pali zoopsa zina.

Kuwonjezera pa chiopsezo chachikulu ichi, palinso mwayi wochepa kuti zinthu zotsatirazi zichitike:

• Matenda a ziwengo ku mankhwala.
• Kutuluka magazi kapena kuvulala komwe kunayikidwa kannula kapena catheter.
• Kuthamanga kwa magazi pang'ono (hypotension).
• Kachidutswa kakang'ono ka magazi omwe akusungunuka kamaduka ndipo kamamatirira mu mtsempha wina wamagazi.
• Kuwonongeka kwa impso (makamaka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga).
• Magazi ochepa otuluka m'mphuno, ndi ndowe, kapena ndi mkodzo.

Dokotala wanu adzakufotokozerani zoopsa izi kwa inu kapena osamalira anu musanalandire chithandizo.

Pambuyo pa chithandizo ndi kuchira

Pambuyo pa chithandizo, dokotalayo adzayesa mayeso angapo, monga angiogram ndi CT scan, kuti aone ngati magazi oundana asungunuka kwathunthu.

Muyenera kukhala mu chipinda chosamalira odwala kwambiri (ICU) kwa tsiku limodzi, kenako tsiku lina limodzi kapena atatu mukuyang'aniridwa m'chipinda cha odwala onse.

Mukapita kunyumba, dokotala wanu mwina adzakupatsani mankhwala ochepetsa magazi kuti magazi asaundanenso . Ndikofunikira kwambiri kutsatira malangizo awa molondola.

Zizindikiro zochenjeza kuti muyenera kupita kwa dokotala mukapita kunyumba

Ngati mukukumana ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi,Uzani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo kapena pitani ku Dipatimenti Yoona za Zadzidzidzi (ETU) yapafupi.