Tiyeni tingophunzira za chubu chachikulu cha dongosolo lathu lopumira: trachea (mpweya).

Kodi munayamba mwadzifunsapo momwe mpweya umene timapuma, kutanthauza mpweya, umafikira m'mapapu athu? Pali 'chubu' yofunika kwambiri, koma yosakambidwa kawirikawiri, m'thupi mwathu yomwe imathandiza pa ntchitoyi. Nthawi zambiri timatcha ichi " bronchi ". Mu zamankhwala, timachitcha trachea, kapena mu Chingerezi, 'trachea'. Lero, tikambirana chilichonse mosavuta.

Kodi trachea ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, trachea ndi chubu chachitali, chooneka ngati U chomwe chimalumikiza kholingo lanu, lomwe ndi bokosi lanu la mawu, ndi mapapu anu. Ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri la dongosolo lathu lopumira.

Tangoganizani kuti mukamapuma mpweya, mpweya umalowa kudzera mu mphuno kapena pakamwa panu, umadutsa pakhosi panu, ndikulowa mu kholingo. Kenako, mpweya umadutsa mu kholingo lanu, komwe umagawikana m'magawo awiri otchedwa bronchi, omwe kenako amalowa m'mapapo mwanu. Kholingo limaoneka ngati thunthu la Y.

Kodi mtengo wa tracheobronchial ndi chiyani?

Ngakhale ili ndi dzina lalikulu, lingaliroli ndi losavuta. Trachea yanu ndi gawo la dongosolo lotchedwa "tracheobronchial tree." Kunena zoona, iyi ndi njira yonse yomwe mpweya umadutsa kupita ku mapapo ndipo kusinthana kwa mpweya (monga kutenga mpweya ndi kutulutsa carbon dioxide) kumachitika.

Mbali zazikulu za mtengo uwu ndi izi:

• Trachea: Iyi ndi mbali yomwe imaoneka ngati thunthu lalikulu la mtengo.
• Bronchi: Nthambi ziwiri zazikulu zomwe zimagawanika pafupi ndi khomo la mapapo.
• Bronchioles: Awa ndi nthambi zazing'ono zomwe zimafalikira kuchokera ku zazikulu ndikufalikira m'mapapo, mofanana ndi nthambi za mtengo zomwe zimafalikira.

Kodi chikuchitika ndi chiyani kwenikweni? Ntchito ya trachea

Ntchito yaikulu komanso yofunika kwambiri ya trachea ndikunyamula mpweya kulowa ndi kutuluka m'mapapo. Chubu ichi ndi champhamvu pang'ono, koma chosinthasintha, ndipo chimapereka njira yokhazikika yoti mpweya ulowe m'thupi popanda chopinga chilichonse.

Umu ndi momwe trachea imagwirira ntchito limodzi ndi dongosolo lanu lopumira mukapuma:

1. Kupuma mpweya:

• Choyamba, mpweya umalowa m'mphuno ndi pakamwa panu ndipo umalowa m'khosi mwanu.
• Kenako imayenda pansi pa trachea ndikulowa m'mapapo akumanja ndi akumanzere.
• Kuchokera pamenepo, imapita patsogolo m'mapapo kudzera m'ma bronchioles ang'onoang'ono.
• Pomaliza, imapita ku timatumba tating'onoting'ono ta mpweya m'mapapo otchedwa alveoli. Apa ndi pomwe thupi lanu limalandira mpweya kuchokera mumlengalenga ndikutulutsa mpweya woipa womwe sunafunike kuchokera m'magazi kupita mumlengalenga.

2. Mpweya wotuluka:

• Mukatulutsa mpweya, njira yomweyi imachitika mosiyana. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, mpweya wodzazidwa ndi carbon dioxide kuchokera m'mphuno umakwera mmwamba kudzera mu trachea, bronchi, ndi bronchioles, ndikutuluka kudzera mu mphuno ndi pakamwa.

Kodi trachea iyi ili kuti? Ndi yaikulu bwanji?

Chifuwa chanu chili pansi pa khosi lanu ndi pamwamba pa chifuwa chanu, pansi pa kholingo lanu (bokosi la mawu). Chili pansi pa khosi lanu, kumbuyo kwa mng'alu waung'ono kumene mafupa awiri a kolala amakumana. Chilinso patsogolo pa chitoliro cha chakudya, m'mero, komwe timameza chakudya.

Khosi la trachea la munthu wamkulu limakhala ndi kutalika kwa mainchesi 10 (10 cm) , komwe kuli pafupifupi m'lifupi mwa chikhato chanu. Lilinso ndi mulifupi wa inchi imodzi (2.5 cm) , komwe kuli pafupifupi m'lifupi mwa chala chachikulu cha munthu wamkulu.

Kodi trachea imapangidwa ndi chiyani? Kapangidwe kodabwitsa

Trachea si chubu chokha. Yapangidwa mwapadera kwambiri. Yapangidwa ndi mphete pafupifupi 16 mpaka 20 za cartilage zomwe zimalumikizana. Cartilage ndi minofu yolimba komanso yosinthasintha yomwe imapezeka m'malo monga makutu athu ndi nsonga ya mphuno yathu. Mphete izi za cartilage zimasunga trachea yotseguka popanda kutsekeka.

Palinso njira yodabwitsa kwambiri mkati mwa trachea. Tiyeni tiwone zimenezo.

Kodi ndi matenda ati omwe amakhudza njira yopumira?

Monga chiwalo china chilichonse, njira yopumira imatha kukhudzidwa ndi matenda osiyanasiyana. Zina mwa izo ndi izi:

• Khansa ya trachea: Khansa yomwe imayambira m'maselo a trachea.
• Kutsekeka kwa trachea: Kutsekeka kwa trachea chifukwa cha chinthu chachilendo kapena chotupa.
• Kuchepa kwa trachea: Kuchepa kwa trachea chifukwa cha matenda, ngozi, kapena chifukwa china. Izi zimapangitsa kuti munthu avutike kupuma.
• Tracheitis: Kutupa ndi kutupa kwa trachea, komwe nthawi zambiri kumachitika chifukwa cha matenda monga chimfine. Kutsokomola ndi chizindikiro chachikulu.
• Tracheoesophageal fistula: Kutseguka kosazolowereka kapena kulumikizana pakati pa trachea ndi esophagus (chitoliro cha chakudya). Izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala vuto lobadwa nalo.
• Tracheomalacia: Matenda omwe chipolopolo cha m'khosi, makamaka mwa ana obadwa kumene, chimafooka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chizitseke akamapuma.

Kodi tingatani kuti tisunge bwino njira zathu zopumira?

Pali zinthu zosavuta zomwe mungachite kuti mpweya wanu, mapapo anu, ndi dongosolo lanu lonse la kupuma likhale lathanzi:

• Pewani kusuta:Siyani kusuta fodya ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zina za fodya kotheratu. Komanso, pewani kupuma utsi wa fodya wina akamasuta.
• Khalani ndi kulemera kwabwino: Kusunga kulemera kwabwino kwa kutalika kwanu ndikofunikira kwambiri pa dongosolo la kupuma.
• Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse: Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kumalimbitsa mapapo ndi mtima wanu.
• Dzitetezeni ku poizoni wouluka: Chepetsani kukhudzana ndi mpweya woipa, utsi wa mankhwala, ndi fumbi lochuluka momwe mungathere.
• Sungani nyumba yanu kukhala yoyera: Sinthani zosefera mpweya m'nyumba mwanu pa nthawi yake. Tsukani ndi kufukiza fumbi m'nyumba mwanu nthawi zonse.
• Valani chigoba choteteza kumaso: Ngati nthawi zambiri mumakhala ndi zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa ziwengo, fumbi, kapena utsi wa mankhwala kuntchito kapena kwina kulikonse, onetsetsani kuti mwavala chigoba choyenera kumaso.

Nthawi yoti mupeze chithandizo chamankhwala chadzidzidzi!

Kuvuta kupuma si chinthu chopepuka . Ngati inu kapena wina ali ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi za vuto lovuta kupuma, imbani 1990 nthawi yomweyo kuti muyitanitse ambulansi kapena pitani ku chipatala chapafupi cha Emergency Department (ETU).

Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro izi, musayese kuzichiza kunyumba. Sekondi iliyonse ndi yamtengo wapatali. Pitani kuchipatala nthawi yomweyo.