Kodi maso anu ndi ofiira komanso amadzi? Tiyeni tiphunzire za matenda oopsa awa, Trachoma.

Kodi maso anu nthawi zonse amakhala ofiira komanso oyabwa? Kodi pali madzi otuluka m'maso mwanu? Mwina zikope zanu zatupa ndipo n'zovuta kuziona? Izi si zizindikiro zabwino. Izi zitha kukhala zizindikiro zoyambirira za matenda a maso otchedwa trachoma, omwe tikambirana lero. Musadandaule, tiyeni timvetse bwino izi. Chifukwa, monga matenda ena aliwonse, akadziwika msanga, zimakhala zosavuta kuchiza.

Kodi trachoma ndi chiyani? N’chifukwa chiyani ndi yoopsa?

Mwachidule, trachoma ndi matenda a bakiteriya m'maso mwathu. Amayambitsidwa ndi bakiteriya wotchedwa Chlamydia trachomatis. Ngati sanalandire chithandizo, pang'onopang'ono amatha kusokoneza masomphenya ndipo pamapeto pake angayambitse khungu losatha . Tangoganizirani momwe zimapwetekera.

Matendawa amapezeka kwambiri m'madera osauka komanso akumidzi padziko lonse lapansi. Izi zikutanthauza kuti chiopsezo cha matendawa chikufalikira kwambiri m'malo omwe ukhondo ndi wochepa, madzi oyera ndi ukhondo ndi zochepa, komanso anthu amakhala m'malo odzaza anthu ambiri . Tangoganizirani, ngati anthu ambiri amakhala m'nyumba imodzi yaying'ono, ndipo ngati ukhondo ndi wochepa, kodi pali mwayi waukulu woti matenda ngati amenewa afalikire kuchokera kwa munthu wina kupita kwa wina?

Malinga ndi bungwe la World Health Organization, mu 2020 yokha, anthu pafupifupi 32.8 miliyoni adapatsidwa mankhwala opha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a trachoma. Anthu opitilira 42,000 adachitidwa opaleshoni chifukwa cha matendawa. Anthu pafupifupi 1.9 miliyoni ndi akhungu kapena ali ndi vuto la maso chifukwa cha trachoma . Izi ndi zomvetsa chisoni kwambiri, sichoncho? Matendawa ndi oopsa kwambiri ku Africa. Koma trachoma imapezekanso m'maiko monga Asia, Australia, Middle East, Central ndi South America.

Kodi zizindikiro za trachoma ndi ziti?

Pali zizindikiro zoyambirira za trachoma. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe zili:

• Maso ofiira ndipo akumva ngati akungoyaka.
• Kutupa kwa zikope.
• Kusatha kuwona bwino, kuoneka ngati sikuoneka bwino.
• Madzi otuluka m'maso (snot) amatuluka m'maso.
• Nthawi zina, mphuno yotuluka madzi imathanso kuchitika.

Mukaona zizindikiro zimenezi, anthu ena angaganize kuti, "Ayi, izi ndi matenda a maso okha." Koma izi sizinthu zosavuta kuzinyalanyaza. Chifukwa, vuto limangokulirakulira pamene matendawa abwereranso ndikuyambitsa kutupa m'maso .

Kodi chimachitika n’chiyani matendawa akakula kwambiri (Trachomatous trichiasis)?

Tangoganizirani, pamene diso likuvutitsidwa nthawi zonse ndi mabakiteriya amenewa, zipsera zazing'ono (zipsera) zimayamba kupangika mkati mwa diso, ndiko kuti, mkati mwa chikope . Chifukwa cha zipsera zimenezi, chikopecho chimachepa mkati, ndipo nsidze pa chikopecho imatembenukira mkati . Tsopano ndi vuto lalikulu. Nsidze yomwe imatembenukira mkati motere, nthawi iliyonse tikamathima , imakanda mphete yakuda ya diso, ndiko kuti, cornea .

Kornea ndi "zenera" looneka bwino komanso lopindika lomwe lili kutsogolo kwa diso lathu. Limatithandiza kuona bwino.

Kotero, nsidze zikapitiriza kukanda pa cornea motere, zimakanda. Zili ngati kukanda galasi ndi sandpaper. Pakapita nthawi, mikwingwirimayo imapangitsa cornea kukhala yokhuthala pang'onopang'ono ndikukhala yosawonekera bwino, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kuwala kusadutse . Pamenepo ndi pomwe maso amatayika.

Mu trachoma yapamwamba, zizindikiro monga:

• Zikope zimakokedwa mkati ndi zolimba chifukwa cha chilondacho.
• Nsidze zayang'ana mkati.
• Kupweteka kosapiririka kwa maso komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha nsidze kukanda cornea.
• Kulephera kuyang'ana kuwala (photosensitivity).
• Kulephera kuona bwino, pamapeto pake khungu.

Kodi n’chiyani chimayambitsa matenda a trachoma? Kodi amafalikira bwanji?

Monga tanenera kale, trachoma ndi matenda a bakiteriya. Poyamba, amafanana pang'ono ndi "matenda a maso" ofala ``(Conjunctivitis)``. Maso amakhala ofiira, oyabwa, komanso otupa. Chabwino kwambiri ndichakuti ngati mukaonana ndi dokotala msanga ndikumwa maantibayotiki, amatha kuchiritsidwa kwathunthu .

Matendawa amafalikira kudzera mu kukhudzana ndi munthu . Izi zikutanthauza kuti, ngati madzi (makodzo, ntchofu) ochokera m'maso kapena m'mphuno mwa munthu amene ali ndi kachilomboka alowa m'manja, zovala, kapena pabedi la ena, amatha kufalikira. Ntchentche nazonso ndi gwero lalikulu la kufalikira . Ntchentche zikafika m'maso kapena m'mphuno mwa munthu amene ali ndi kachilomboka, zimatenga majeremusiwo n'kugwera m'maso mwa munthu wina. Kenako matendawa amafalikira.

Zizindikiro nthawi zambiri zimawonekera mkati mwa masiku 5 mpaka 12 kachilomboka katalowa m'thupi. Azimayi ndi ana aang'ono ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matendawa . Izi zili choncho chifukwa amayi nthawi zambiri ndi omwe amakhala nthawi yayitali ndi ana ndikuwasamalira. Komanso, ana aang'ono amatha kutenga matendawa mosavuta chifukwa nthawi zambiri amakhudza maso ndi mphuno zawo ndipo sasamala kwambiri za ukhondo.

Kodi dokotala amazindikira bwanji matenda a trachoma?

Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zomwe tatchula pamwambapa, muyenera kuonana ndi dokotala wa maso. Dokotalayo adzakufunsani mafunso ndikulemba mbiri ya matenda anu. Makamaka, adzakufunsani ngati mwapita kudera lomwe matenda a trachoma ndi ofala kwambiri kapena ngati mumakhala kumalo komwe matendawa ndi ofala kwambiri.

Kenako diso limayesedwa . Nthawi zina, diso limatha kutsegulidwa ndipo madzi ochepa ochokera m'diso amatha kutengedwa ndikutumizidwa ku labu. Izi zithandiza kudziwa ngati matendawa ayambitsidwa ndi mabakiteriya (Chlamydia trachomatis).

Kodi mankhwala a trachoma ndi otani?

Ichi ndiye chinthu chofunikira kwambiri. Poyamba, imatha kuchiritsidwa kwathunthu ndi maantibayotiki operekedwa ndi dokotala . Mitundu iwiri ya mankhwala omwe nthawi zambiri amaperekedwa kwa trachoma ndi piritsi lotchedwa Azithromycin ndi mafuta odzola m'maso okhala ndi Tetracycline.

Komabe, ngati sichikuchiritsidwa, kapena ngati trachoma ikuchitika mobwerezabwereza, vuto lalikulu lomwe latchulidwa kale, `(Trachomatous trichiasis)` (nkhope ikutembenukira mkati), lingachitike. Pankhaniyi, dokotala adzalangiza opaleshoni . Opaleshoniyi imachitika kuti khosi lopindika liwonekerenso lolunjika. Kenako khosi limasiya kukanda pa cornea, ndipo zipsera zina zimasiya.

Komabe, ngati cornea yawonongeka kwambiri, dokotala angakulangizeni kuti muyike cornea .

Chofunika kwambiri kukumbukira ndichakuti munthu akangoyamba kuona chifukwa cha trachoma, sangachiritsidwe. Ndicho chifukwa chake timati kuzizindikira msanga ndi kulandira chithandizo n'kofunika kwambiri.

Kodi chingachitike n’chiyani ndikadwala trachoma? Kodi ingachiritsidwe?

Ngati mutadwala trachoma kamodzi ndikumwa maantibayotiki moyenera, mudzachira msanga, palibe chodetsa nkhawa . Vuto limayamba matendawa akamabwerezabwereza ndipo cornea imayamba kuwonongeka.

Pambuyo pa opaleshoni ya chikope, cornea imasiya kuwonongeka kwambiri. Komabe, khungu losawona lomwe limayambitsidwa ndi trachoma silingathe kuchiritsidwa .

Kodi tiyenera kuchita chiyani kuti tichepetse kufalikira kwa matenda a trachoma?

Ichi ndiye chinthu chofunikira kwambiri. Kuti tiletse matenda a trachoma, ndikofunikira kukonza mwayi wopeza madzi oyera komanso ukhondo . Izi zikutanthauza kuti aliyense ayenera kukhala ndi madzi oyera komanso ukhondo wabwino. Ndikofunikanso kuchepetsa kuchulukana kwa anthu ndikuchepetsa mavuto omwe amabwera chifukwa cha ntchentche. Akuluakulu padziko lonse lapansi akugwiritsa ntchito njira izi kuti ayesetse kuthetsa matenda a trachoma ndi khungu lomwe limayambitsa. Mawu ofupikitsa akuti SAFE amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa izi:

• S - `(Opaleshoni)`: Opaleshoni yochiritsira matenda opita patsogolo.
• A - `(Maantibayotiki)`: Maantibayotiki opatsirana.
• F - `(Kutsuka nkhope)`: Kusunga nkhope yoyera kuti matenda asafalikire.
• E - `(Kusintha kwa chilengedwe)`: Kusintha kwa chilengedwe monga madzi oyera ndi ntchito zaukhondo.

M'madera ena, ana azaka zapakati pa 1 ndi 9 amapatsidwa maantibayotiki kamodzi pachaka. Izi zimatchedwa "blanket therapy" kapena "blanket antibiotic therapy." Komabe , pali nkhawa kuti maantibayotiki akaperekedwa mosalekeza mwanjira imeneyi, mabakiteriya amatha kukhala ndi vuto la maantibayotiki .

Pali zinthu zina zomwe mungachite payekha, makamaka ngati mukukhala kapena mukupita kudera lomwe matenda a trachoma ndi ofala kwambiri:

• Samalani kwambiri ukhondo wanu . Sambani nkhope yanu bwino ndikuchotsa madzi aliwonse m'maso ndi m'mphuno mwanu.
• Sambani m'manja mwanu bwino nthawi zambiri.Izi ndizofunikira, makamaka pochita ndi ana aang'ono.
• Musagawire ena matawulo ndi zofunda zomwe mwagwiritsa ntchito kale .
• Pewani malo omwe kuli ntchentche zambiri momwe mungathere.

Kodi tiyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Ngati mukukhala m'dera lomwe muli ndi trachoma, kapena munapitako, ndipo muli ndi kutuluka magazi m'maso kapena m'mphuno, onetsetsani kuti mwawonana ndi dokotala . Makamaka ngati muli ndi ululu wa maso, musanyalanyaze . Ndi bwino kuuza dokotala za ululu wa maso, kapena zizindikiro zilizonse zomwe mukukayikira.

Kodi kusiyana pakati pa chlamydial conjunctivitis ndi trachoma ndi kotani?

Funso limene anthu ambiri amafunsa ndi ili. Chlamydial conjunctivitis ndi matenda a maso omwe amayamba chifukwa cha matenda opatsirana pogonana (STI) Chlamydia. Mabakiteriya omwe amachititsa matendawa ndi ofanana ndi mabakiteriya omwe amayambitsa trachoma, Chlamydia trachomatis, koma mitundu ya kachilomboka ndi yosiyana . Chofunika kwambiri, trachoma si matenda opatsirana pogonana .

Ngati mukukhala kudera lomwe matenda a trachoma ndi ofala kwambiri, kapena ngati mukupita kudera lina, ndikofunikira kuchitapo kanthu kuti mupewe kufalikira kwa matendawa. Mutha kudziteteza mwa kusamba m'manja bwino ndikusunga nkhope yanu yoyera. Ngati maso anu afiira kapena kuyabwa, onetsetsani kuti mwawonana ndi dokotala. Akhoza kukupatsani mankhwala opha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kuti athetse zizindikiro ndi matenda.

Zinthu zofunika kuzikumbukira (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

Chabwino, lero takambirana zambiri zokhudza matenda a trachoma, sichoncho? Pomaliza, nazi zinthu zofunika kwambiri zomwe muyenera kukumbukira:

• Matenda a maso otchedwa Trachoma ndi matenda oopsa a maso omwe amayamba chifukwa cha mabakiteriya omwe angayambitse khungu.
• Ukhondo ndiye chinthu chofunika kwambiri. Kusamba m'manja bwino, kusunga nkhope yanu yoyera, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito madzi oyera n'kofunika kwambiri.
• Ngati mwazindikira zizindikiro msanga ndikupeza chithandizo, mutha kuchichira kwathunthu. Choncho ngati muli ndi zizindikiro monga maso ofiira, kuyabwa, kapena otupa, pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo.
• Chenjerani ndi ntchentche. Ntchentche ndi zomwe zimathandiza kwambiri kufalitsa matendawa.
• Ngati sichichiritsidwa, diso limatha kutembenukira mkati, kuwononga cornea ndikupangitsa kuti maso asamaone bwino.
• Njira yotetezeka ya bungwe la World Health Organization (opaleshoni, mankhwala opha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, kuyeretsa nkhope, kusintha kwa chilengedwe) ndi yofunika kwambiri poletsa matendawa.

Kotero, ngati titasamalira mfundo izi, tikhoza kudziteteza ku mdani wosalankhula uyu wotchedwa trachoma. Ngati muli ndi mafunso ena okhudza izi, musaope kufunsa dokotala. Maso awiri athanzi ndi ofunika kwambiri pamoyo!

'Matenda a maso, matenda a maso, matenda a Chlamydia trachomatis, khungu, thanzi la maso, kupewa