Kodi dokotala wanu akuganiza kuti inuyo kapena munthu wina wapafupi nanu ali ndi khansa ya chikhodzodzo? Kapena, kodi zatsimikizika ndipo mwauzidwa kuti muyenera kuchitidwa opaleshoni yotchedwa 'TURBT'? Mungamve mantha pang'ono mukamva dzinali. Koma kwenikweni ndi mankhwala ofala kwambiri komanso otetezeka a khansa ya chikhodzodzo. Chifukwa chake, musadandaule. Tiyeni tikambirane za opaleshoni iyi ya TURBT, momwe imachitikira, komanso momwe mungathanirane nayo m'njira yosavuta komanso yomveka bwino.
Mwachidule, kodi TURBT ndi chiyani?
Tanthauzo lonse la TURBT ndi Transurethral Resection of Bladder Tumor . Ndi dzina lalitali, sichoncho? Koma ndi losavuta kwambiri. Ndi njira yomwe imachita zinthu ziwiri nthawi imodzi. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, imatha kuzindikira khansa ya chikhodzodzo, komanso imatha kuchotsa ndikuchiza khansayo.
Tangoganizirani, dokotalayo akuchita opaleshoniyi popanda kukudula ziwalo zilizonse m'thupi. Kodi zimenezi zimachitika bwanji?
Amagwiritsa ntchito chubu chachitali, chopyapyala, komanso chosinthasintha chotchedwa resectoscope. Chida ichi chimayikidwa mu mkodzo wanu, chubu chomwe chimatenga mkodzo kuchokera ku chikhodzodzo chanu kupita ku thupi lanu. Kumapeto kwa chida ichi pali kamera kakang'ono, kuwala, ndi kuzungulira kakang'ono komwe kungagwiritsidwe ntchito kudula ndikuchotsa khansa. Dokotala amachotsa khansa mosamala pamene akuyang'ana zithunzi kuchokera ku kamera iyi pa chowunikira m'chipinda chochitira opaleshoni.
Popeza njira iyi siimapanga mabala pakhungu, thupi siliwonongeka kwambiri. Ndicho chifukwa chake imatchedwa njira yochepetsera kuvulala.
Dokotala angapeze mfundo zofunika kwambiri kuchokera ku opaleshoniyi.
- Ndi khansa yamtundu wanji?
- Kodi khansa ya m'mawere ndi yotani? (Kodi ndi yoopsa pang'ono kapena yoopsa kwambiri?)
- Kuzama kwa khansa kufalikira mpaka pa khoma la chikhodzodzo (siteji).
Nthawi zina, n'zotheka kuchotsa chotupa chonse cha khansa ndi opaleshoni imodzi iyi.
Kodi chimachitika n’chiyani opaleshoni isanachitike komanso ikachitika?
Izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala njira yochizira odwala osapita kuchipatala. Izi zikutanthauza kuti anthu ambiri amalowa m'chipatala m'mawa ndipo amatha kupita kunyumba madzulo omwewo atachitidwa opaleshoni.
Umu ndi momwe mungakonzekere musanachite opaleshoni:
Mudzakumana ndi dokotala wanu kapena mudzayimba foni pa vidiyo pafupifupi sabata imodzi musanachite opaleshoni yanu. Iwo adzasankha mtundu wa mankhwala oletsa ululu omwe mudzapatsidwe. Mungapemphedwenso kuti mupereke chitsanzo cha mkodzo.
Musanayambe opaleshoni, dokotala wanu kapena ogwira ntchito kuchipatala adzakupatsani malangizo omwe muyenera kutsatira. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kutsatira malangizo awa molondola.
| Malangizo | Kufunika ndi kufotokozera |
|---|---|
| Chakudya ndi madzi | Musadye chilichonse kwa maola 8 musanachite opaleshoni. Musamwe madzi pambuyo pa pakati pausiku tsiku lisanafike opaleshoni. |
| Mankhwala | Ngati mukumwa mankhwala ochepetsa magazi (monga aspirin, ibuprofen, kapena naproxen), uzani dokotala wanu. Adzakuuzani kuti musiye kumwa mankhwalawa pasanathe sabata imodzi opaleshoni isanachitike. Ngati mukumwa mankhwala ena, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za mankhwalawo. |
| Wina woti akuthandizeni | Konzani pasadakhale kuti wina akutsogolereni kunyumba mutachitidwa opaleshoni. Simungathe kuyendetsa galimoto chifukwa cha mankhwala oletsa ululu. |
| Ukhondo | Sambani bwino musanapite kuchipatala. Koma musagwiritse ntchito mafuta odzola, mafuta onunkhira, kapena deodorant tsiku limenelo. |
Pa nthawi ya opaleshoni...
Opaleshoniyo iyamba mukapatsidwa mankhwala oletsa ululu. Nthawi zambiri, mudzagonekedwa (general anesthesia). Nthawi zina, mudzakhala opanda mphamvu kuyambira m'chiuno mpaka pansi (msana). Komabe, simudzamva kupweteka kulikonse .
Masitepe otsatirawa ndi awa:
1. Dokotala adzaika mosamala resectoscope mu chikhodzodzo chanu kudzera mu urethra yanu.
2. Poyang'ana zithunzi kuchokera ku kamera, amapeza malo omwe pali zotupa za khansa.
3. Kenako, gwiritsani ntchito lupu pa chipangizocho kudula ndi kuchotsa mtedza.
4. Ngati kutuluka magazi kuchokera pamalo pomwe chotupacho chinachotsedwa, mitsempha yamagazi idzatenthedwa kuti magazi asiye kutuluka.
5. Pomaliza, catheter ikhoza kuyikidwa kuti itulutse mkodzo ndi magazi m'chikhodzodzo komanso kuti magazi asaundane.
Opaleshoni nthawi zambiri imatenga pakati pa mphindi 15 ndi 90 , kutengera kukula, chiwerengero, ndi malo a chotupacho.
Kodi mungayembekezere chiyani mutachita opaleshoni?
Pambuyo pa opaleshoni, muyenera kukhala m'chipatala kwa maola angapo. Mungafunikenso kukhala usiku wonse.
Kuchira ndi zizindikiro
- Ululu: Mungamve kutentha pang'ono kapena kupweteka mukakodza kwa masiku angapo mpaka milungu iwiri mutachita opaleshoni. Izi ndi zachilendo.
- Mtundu wa mkodzo: Mkodzo wanu ukhoza kukhala pinki chifukwa cha magazi omwe atsala mu chikhodzodzo. Musachite mantha ndi izi. Ndi zachilendo.
- Catheter: Ngati dokotala wanu waika catheter, idzachotsedwa mkodzo wanu ukasiya kutuluka magazi. Ikhoza kuchotsedwa kuchipatala, kapena mungafunike kuisunga kunyumba kwa masiku angapo.
- Zizindikiro zina: Kufulumira komanso pafupipafupi kukodza kumachitika kawirikawiri m'masiku 48 oyambirira.
Njira yabwino yochepetsera zizindikirozi ndikuchira mwachangu ndikumwa madzi ambiri tsiku lonse .
Chofunika kwambiri: Pewani kunyamula zinthu zolemera kapena kuchita zinthu zolemetsa kwa milungu ingapo mutachita opaleshoni. Izi zikuphatikizapo kunyamula ana, ziweto, ndi katundu. Dokotala wanu adzakulangizaninso kuti mupewe kugonana kwa kanthawi.
Chikhodzodzo nthawi zambiri chimachira mkati mwa milungu iwiri kapena inayi. Ngati mukumvabe kupweteka, kutentha, kapena magazi mumkodzo wanu pambuyo pa nthawi imeneyo, onetsetsani kuti mwadziwitsa dokotala wanu.
Kodi chithandizo china chidzafunika?
Nthawi zina TURBT imatha kuchotsa chotupa chonsecho. Komabe, dokotala wanu angakulangizeni kuti mugwiritse ntchito mankhwala a chemotherapy kuti muphe maselo otsala a khansa ndikuchepetsa chiopsezo chobwereranso kwa khansa.
Ngati khansayo imangopita ku chikhodzodzo, chithandizo chimatchedwa `intravesical chemotherapy`. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mankhwala amadzimadzi a chemotherapy amayikidwa mkati mwa chikhodzodzo, n’kusungidwamo kwa kanthawi, kenako n’kuchotsedwanso. Izi nthawi zina zimatha kuchitika nthawi yomweyo ndi opaleshoni ya TURBT.
Kodi pali zoopsa zilizonse pa opaleshoniyi?
TURBT ndi njira yotetezeka komanso yopambana . Chiwopsezo cha zovuta ndi chochepera 10%. Komabe, pali zinthu zingapo zomwe sizingachitike kawirikawiri:
- Kutuluka magazi mosalamulirika: Izi zimachitika kawirikawiri. Ngati zitachitika, mungafunike opaleshoni ina kuti magazi asiye kutuluka.
- Kuboola kwa chikhodzodzo: Pa opaleshoni, chipangizocho chingalowe m'khoma la chikhodzodzo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale dzenje laling'ono. Izi ndizosowa kwambiri ndipo zimatha kuchiritsidwa.
- Matenda:Pali mwayi wochepa woti munthu adwale matenda a mkodzo pambuyo pa opaleshoni. Izi zitha kuchiritsidwa mosavuta ndi mankhwala.
Kodi njira yochira khansa ndi yotani?
Funso limene anthu ambiri ali nalo ndi ili. Ngakhale kuti TURBT ndi njira yomwe pafupifupi aliyense amachita, mwayi wochira khansa umadalira gawo la khansa. Madokotala nthawi zambiri amalankhula za "chiwerengero cha kupulumuka kwa zaka zisanu." Izi zikutanthauza kuti mwa odwala 100 omwe ali ndi gawo linalake la khansa, angati omwe akadali ndi moyo pambuyo pa zaka 5. Izi sizikutanthauza kuti adzafa patatha zaka 5. Ichi ndi chiwerengero chabe.
| Gawo la Khansa | Chiwerengero cha kupulumuka kwa zaka zisanu |
|---|---|
| Gawo 0 (khansa yokha pamwamba) | 97% |
| Gawo I-II (kufalikira mkati mwa chikhodzodzo) | 72% |
| Gawo Lachitatu (kufalikira ku minofu yozungulira) | 40% |
| Gawo IV (kufalikira ku ziwalo zakutali) | 9% |
Musachite mantha ndi ziwerengerozi. Khansa ikapezeka msanga, mwayi wochira umakhala wabwino . Ichi ndichifukwa chake ndikofunikira kufunafuna upangiri wa dokotala zizindikiro zikayamba kuwonekera.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- TURBT ndi opaleshoni yotetezeka komanso yosavulaza yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira ndi kuchiza khansa ya chikhodzodzo.
- Palibe ululu womwe umachitika panthawi ya opaleshoni. Kutupa ndi kusasangalala komwe kumachitika pambuyo pake nthawi zambiri kumachepa pakatha milungu iwiri kapena inayi.
- Ndizachilendo kuti mkodzo wanu ukhale pinki mukatha opaleshoni. Musadandaule. Koma imwani madzi ambiri.
- Tsatirani malangizo a dokotala wanu molondola, makamaka pankhani yopewa kugwira ntchito molimbika komanso kumwa mankhwala anu.
- Ngakhale pambuyo pa opaleshoni, mankhwala ena (monga chemotherapy) angafunike kuti khansa isabwererenso.
- Musachite manyazi ndi mafunso kapena mantha aliwonse omwe muli nawo, ndipo lankhulani momasuka ndi dokotala wanu.
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